Yintoni na umfanekiso MRI? Loo iSifo MRI?

Uxilongo kwezifo ezininzi kakhulu nzima yokuba ukuze ikwazi ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba le ngxaki, funda iimpawu zotshintsho zeethishu yangaphandle, utshintsho kubume bayo. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, indlela engcono kuba uphethwe ngemagnethi livakale umfanekiso (MRI).

Yintoni magnetic ekuvakaleni kwelizwi umfanekiso

Ukuba nomfanekiso ngu MRI namhlanje kuyinto eqhelekileyo kakhulu kuba kuvumela ukuba nombono phantse zonke izibilini ukubona utshintsho kwisakhiwo ancedisana amalungu; Ngokukodwa, imifanekiso sixhobo sekhombuya ye-MRI ingqondo ulwazi kakhulu kwaye eluncedo kakhulu uxilongo yamathumba intracranial umhlaza, ukufa (ithuba ngakumbi exabisekileyo ukubona iziko kwi ukopha stroke) kunye nesifo semithambo (aneurysms okanye malformations); MRI kuyimfuneko, kwaye kakhulu umonzakalo ebuchotsheni esibuhlungu.

ubuhle be indlela

MRI idibanisa ukubonakala kunye mboniso, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kunye nokhuseleko umguli.

Inzuzo engenakuphikiswa MRI kukuba kucacile ukuba loo imifanekiso eneenkcukacha eneenkcukacha ngamalungu angaphakathi kunye namalaphu zingafumaneka ngaphandle kokusebenzisa arhente umahluko.

Noko ke, kwezinye iimeko, ngenxa yomfanekiso eneenkcukacha ngakumbi ukwandiswa umehluko kusetyenziswa; ngokukodwa, nakangangokuba unakho, xa isifundo Palsy yegazi ngezifo. Imifanekiso MRI ingqondo kunye umahluko ulwazi kakhulu izifo ezihlasela zosulele Cerebral yokujikeleza, ekubeni kube lula ukufumana inqanaba yokwenzakala kwenqanawa kunye nemilinganiselo ngqo ukujoliswa yezifo.

wenza njani isithwebuli

Phantsi yempembelelo oscillations otsalayo ukutshintsha indlela yokuziphatha kwe-athom hydrogen, ekubeni imo sindululo batshintshwa kakuhle ityala Amasuntswana ngumongo atom hydrogen. Xa inqanyulwe amandla intshukumo ukhutshiwe, fixed isixhobo.

MRI diagnostic imisebenzi ubuchule ngokusekelwe ngeziganeko ngemagnethi ekuvakaleni kwelizwi. Umgaqo nokusebenza kwezixhobo diagnostic yaye inguqu iisignali zerediyo emfanekisweni. A uphawu radio efunyenwe kuguqula ngemagnethi ekuvakaleni kwelizwi spectrometer.

Ngenxa iimpawu athom hydrogen, umxholo apho emzimbeni womntu lifikelela pesenti ezilishumi loxilongo loo kunokwenzeka ngaphandle umonakalo incinane empilweni.

Sele efumana umfanekiso lilungile, iingcali oogqirha lenkangeleko ohambelana umfanekiso onesiphumo kuhlalutywa, xa kuthelekiswa ne nanjengokwesimo kwaye ukubona utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo.

indlela History

Le mba we livakale magnetic yenyukliya uyaziwa nechazwe ngakumbi phakathi kwinkulungwane yamashumi amabini - ngo-1946. Yaye okwesihlandlo sokuqala ukufumana umfanekiso ngoncedo obu bugcisa oko waphumelela 1973.

Njani yisaveyi

Ngaphandle, izixhobo for ngemagnethi livakale umfanekiso ikhangeleka ngathi kangangethuba elide elimxinwa.

Xa ibekwe ngaphakathi kwiziko nomonde ukufunda usebenzisa kwesingqengqelo okhethekileyo.

Kuba ixesha lokuhlala lomguli kwiyunithi kakhulu eliphezulu - imizuzu mane, kwaye kwezinye iimeko kakhulu - nokuba iimeko ngakumbi ukuhlala yomguli kwi "ityhubhu" kufuneka ibe tofotofo kangangoko kunokwenzeka. Ngaphakathi ifowuni ixhaswa ukukhanya awucaci kunye umoya, ngokwaneleyo ukuqinisekisa umpefumlo cwaka. Kunyanzelekile kwiyunithi kufuneka unxibelelwano kunye iqhosha umqhubi liqhuba uphando.

uqeqesho

• Inkqubo MRI akufuneki izakwenziwa isisu ngokupheleleyo.
• Phambi kokuba inkqubo, isaveyi isigulane kufuneka ususe zonke izinto zesinyithi (iiwotshi, izacholo, hairpins, amazinyo).

Kuyo yonke le nkqubo, isigulane kufuneka ndilale cwaka kangangoko njengoko umfanekiso survey yakheke; nendlela iya kucaca sifo, oluchanekileyo kunye nentando engcono. Ngoko ke, kwiimeko apho kukho imfuneko ukwenza isifundo tomographic umntwana encinane kunye naye vuavanyisi kunye neengcali banyanzeleka ukuba bafake unina wakhe.

iziphumo zovavanyo

scan MRI - uthotho lwemifanekiso, ezo imifanekiso sixhobo sekhombuya ngamalungu zangaphakathi.

Isiphumo ukufunda tomographic sewulungile wona, ngokuqhelekileyo emva kweeyure ezimbalwa emva kokuba inkqubo yoxilongo.

Isigulane lifumana ezandleni umfanekiso eprintiweyo MRI, nto leyo ibonakalisa, imifanekiso esisiseko isitshixo, kwaye owakho umbono yobungcali.

Ukunenzela lula, kwiimeko ezininzi, isigulana unikwa isandla njengazo zonke drive, ngaphandle kokukhetha, imifanekiso ezifunyenwe ngethuba le nkqubo. Le ezincinane kubaluleke kakhulu kwiimeko apho isigulana elizayo iza isicelo zokucazulula idatha eyafunyanwa ku lokufunyaniswa nabanye abasebenzi.

Ubungqina obubonakalayo buxela ukuba ubone

Le ndlela kunceda ukuya kwiqondo eliphezulu ukuchana ukuba nomfanekiso-iwonga kunye nesakhiwo:

• ingqondo kunye umnqonqo;
• umqolo kunye namalungu;
• compact intervertebral;
• esifubeni nesisu;
• nemithambo yegazi.

Isetyenziswa lokufunyaniswa utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo kwezi amalungu kunye neenkqubo.

Ukwalatha kwakhona kwiimeko xa lokufunyaniswa ukulimala ayikho ulwazi olwaneleyo enikwa yi- X-ray.

MRI ubalulekile kwiimeko xa kukho urhano leengxaki noshowo iithishu okanye amalungu.

Le peculiarity le ndlela sikuko ukuba le ndlela ngokubonakalayo ngempumelelo ngakumbi kwisifundo inyama ithambile.

Not uphando usebenzisa umfanekiso:

• Bone inyama.
• lung kwithishyu.
• Esiswini kunye onke amacandelo emathunjini.

Izimo nokulinganiselwa

Indlela otsalayo livakale umfanekiso ikhuselekile yaye walonyaka akukho Izimo. Nangona kunjalo, inani Izimo zikhona:

• Ngenxa ingakumbi kule nkqubo diagnostic, oko contraindicated ukuba izigulane ukuba umzimba waso nasiphi inclusions sisinyithi, umzekelo, ufaka (umz em- cranial) kunye m. P.
• ikhoyo contraindicated kuba MRI ubukho umguli pacemaker.
• Ngononophelo olukhulu kufuneka ukuba ivandlakanywe izigulane zitho; ezifana zitho joint
• ubunzima ebalulekileyo wenza sibubona livakale umfanekiso kwizigulane kunye sokuwa kunye nezinye izifo; ngokuba apho ugqaliselo ezithile zokulahleka sezingqondweni.
• Ngaba ubunzima kwezinye iimeko, uphawu ezifana utyebile.

Eli qela Izimo isihlobo ezi meko zilandelayo:

• Izigaba zokuqala zokukhulelwa.
• sigaba senhliziyo Decompensated.
• Ukubakho zitho ezinemigca mbobo intliziyo.
• Ukubakho tattoos kunye zombala yesinyithi.

Uxilongo leengxaki ingqondo

Xa kufikwa uviwo lokubhaqa mishini ingqondo livakale magnetic (MRI) yeyona iimviwo kakhulu ulwazi ngayo.

Enyanisweni, MRI scans yobuchopho - ifoto lamanqanaba yayo.

Ngoko ke, ngenxa kule ndlela diagnostic kuba kunokwenzeka, ukufunda enenkcukacha ukwimo ingqondo kunye nokuchongwa ezingaqhelekanga kumanqanaba zokuqala.

ingqondo MRI icinga ukuba kwenziwe kwezi meko zilandelayo:

1. stroke Acute kobuchopho.
2. ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni Severe esibuhlungu. Xa ukwenzakala ebuchotsheni linzima ukuze uphephe ukwaphuka ngamathambo yokakayi elamkeleke ukwenza i X-ray yentloko. MRI, Noko ke, likuvumela ukuba nombono nje, yaba lukakayi, kodwa urhulumente kwezakhiwo intracranial.
3. Iimpawu nomfutho intracranial. Kulo meko, zokuqatshelwa ngaphandle okanye umqulu intracranial kakhulu lula ukuyilwa imifanekiso sekhombuya. MRI yobuchopho in unesifo syndrome ndinimisela ukuqinisekisa iSifo ezifana hematoma intracranial, intracranial ithumba, ithumba ebuchotsheni.
4. Mgaqweni imikhumbi nedumbe lengqondo.
5. Condition esweni emva kotyando neurosurgical.
6. MRI kunceda umfanekiso ocace ukulungiselela indawo kunye (kwiimvavanyo phinda) i Dynamics neuromas nengxelo esinganyangekiyo.

Uxilongo leengxaki spinal

Magnetic intlokoma umfanekiso yindlela kakhulu ukufumanisa iimeko zophendlo lwezifo yomqolo.

Umphumo iya kuba eneenkcukacha inkqubo diagnostic wakubo picture.

MRI yomqolo thoracic yabelwa okukhomba zilandelayo:

• Pain syndrome of umyalezo ayaziwa kwindawo esifubeni - ukuthintela ukwakhiwa umhlaza lokuqala okanye sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi kuwenza.
• Iimpawu luvo, esivumela ubukho Ithemba intervertebral.
• Le nkqubo iyasebenza zombini phambi kutyando emva kokuba - ukulawula Dynamics iinkqubo ekuphulukenwe nalo.
• Ukwenzakala nge ukwaphuka ekucingelwa esifubeni - ukuze uphephe umonakalo ithambo. Ekubeni Itomography inikeza oluneenkcukacha emva komnye umfanekiso, kube luncedo ngakumbi kwezi meko ngaphezu X-ray.

MRI of empontshwa inexabiso diagnostic kwezi meko zilandelayo:

• Izikhalazo yobuhlungu kummandla lumbosacral, ukunqongophala ngempumelelo izifundo X-ray.
• Emva yokwenzakala kule ndawo - ukuze uphephe amathambo kunye ukulimala.
• Xa kwafunyaniswa kwamathambo yomqolo, nzima ukubana amaqhekeza ithambo - ukucacisa ubungakanani ukubana, kuphephe umonakalo intlala intervertebral, meninges kunye umnqonqo.
• Kuba umahluko ekufumaniseni utshintsho sisiba mandundu yomqolo kunye omqolo ngenxa kwintshabalalo izilonda kuwenza.
• Iimpawu luvo ezibonisa ukuphazamiseka okanye ucinezelo nengcambu luvo ucinezelo ubangela ukuba zicaciswe; kulo mzekelo, kuba lokufunyaniswa ukubana vertebral, kwaye kwanele ukwenza i X-ray. MRI yomqolo obuyimfuneko bokwenza ukuchonga ngezifo of nerentgenokontrastnyh zomzimba (ukubana le intervertebral disc, herniated idiskhi, nokudumba kwiintetho ezikralayo, ngokuveza lo ucinezelo luvo ingcambu ithumba ebangela).