Phosphating metal ekhaya

Ukususela oko abantu bafunda ukuba benze metal eluntwini Kwavela umba kabukhali kokhuselo kwiimveliso ekutshatyalalisweni nokumelana. Rust - utshaba engundoqo nawuphi na umgangatho metal unanamhla. iindlela ingaphelelwayo eziphuculweyo kunye neendlela lokuthintela umhlwa, ngokuqinisekileyo kunokwenzeka ukuba kuphunyezwe iziphumo emangalisayo ekulweni iinkqubo imichiza yendalo. Kodwa akuqinisekisi nonsusceptibility umhlwa olubanzi akunakwenzeka.

Ngaba kunokwenzeka ukuba aphathe intsimbi ngokwayo apha ekhaya?

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, phakathi iindlela ezikhoyo ukukhusela izinto ayoni kwimpembelelo yeemeko etshabalalisayo ezixabisa phosphate ukuphawula. Metal emva ehambelana indlela yemichiza uba wear eliphezulu ukuxhathisa, leyo kuyolula kakhulu ukusetyenziswa kwayo ngqo.

Ukhuselo engcono irusi zentsimbi kunye kumKristu ukutyabeka yayo ibhityile umphezulu, ngokulambisa ebonakalayo film. Ekhaya, iimeko yesinyithi phosphate ibonakala umsebenzi Herculean enxulumene kudidi engenakwenzeka. Eneneni, kungenxa kuphela kumaziko industrial babe izixhobo eziyimfuneko kunye nezinto ezifunekayo. Enyanisweni, ukungqinelana nemigaqo ezintsonkothileyo kunye neemeko ukuze kufikelelwe isiphumo efunekayo ungakwazi nawuphi na umntu ngaphandle imfundo yobugcisa.

Wezenzi ezidingekayo ukuze phosphating

An phosphating basebenzisa ikhaya engaphezulu yokusebenza kwalo: ezithe zokhuselo ifilim kwakheka kwi kumphezulu phantse zonke aluminium ngaphandle ophezulu-ingxubevange ngentsimbi. Ngaphezu koko, umaleko komhlaba kunye stseplivaetsya ezibalaseleyo base yentsimbi preform. Njengoko izinto ezisetyenziswa phosphatizing metal:

• manganese;
• zinc;
• phosphate zentsimbi.

Izinto eziluncedo unyango phosphate intsimbi

technology Modern zokusebenzisa phosphate imichiza ukubunjwa ivumela yokugubungela iindawo yentsimbi ubukhulu nobuncinane - ngaphantsi kwe micrometers-5. Le ndlela yentsimbi zokuhlela lukhusela intshabalalo yayo kwaye inikeza ukukhuselwa ifuthe zangaphandle, ukuqinisekisa ukusetyenziswa elide imveliso metal kuzo zonke iimeko, kuqukwa:

• xa ukufuma ngokugqithiseleyo;
• phantsi kweempembelelo izinyibilikisi kwemichiza silwe;
• xa wadibana ne-oyile injini;
• phantsi ombane aphezulu zombane;
• njengesiseko yayisoma yepeyinti.

Phosphating metal ngenxa yokudweba iza kubonelela ukhuselo oluthembekileyo zemathiriyeli, kodwa imveliso iya kuba sengozini xa yahlaselwa yi-bume asidi okanye ialakalin. Ngaphezu koko ke amabala naziphi na izinto daka yentsimbi komhlaba zinokungena nzulu eninzi uye esicwangciswe zokuphepha ifilimu ukuba inqanaba eliphezulu porosity. Uphuculo adhesion aluminiyamu kumphezulu - enye ingongoma HIV, lets say yes phosphating phambi ukupeyinta isinyithi.

Technology kunye industrial phosphating ubuchule

Ngaphambi kokuqhubeka kwisicelo umaleko umboniso, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukwakhiwa eliphakathi apho intsimbi ibekwa. technology metal phosphating ilandelwe luyawudyobha izinto ayinikezi ezifanelekileyo umthambo ekhaya. With "Mazhef" solution lweziyobisi ezalise capacitance enkulu ngenxa kwishishini, intsimbi isale umaleko obhityileyo kakhulu kodwa ixesha elide kakhulu kwaye aluncedo. lazibandakanya ngokupheleleyo phosphating webhate ebuntsimbi lexi ndinobushushu ubushushu umda kwaye refluxed kangangeyure. Emva koko ayine ukufumana, umboniso unika iqine ngokupheleleyo, qinisa, isiphelo umphezulu inkqubo electroplate usebenzisa izixhobo esirhabaxa okanye sandblasting.

Ukusebenzisa le ndlela ingentla ngokuba wagwetyelwa kuphela kwimeko kuqhutyekekwe izakhiwo ezinkulu. Efanayo phosphating iinkonzo metal ezinikezelwa kwiiholo woshishino lothuli, ixabiso umthengi ngesixa endilisekileyo.

Indlela yokusingatha metal ekhaya: "iqhosha lokulayita" electroplating

Kuba iimveliso electroplating naphakathi ezifaneleke ngakumbi ukubhenela iteknoloji esisiseko. Sithetha metal phosphoric acid phosphating, ukulungiswa ekhoyo nkqu ekhaya. Kuba asabela ngempumelelo kufuneka silandele xi elichanekileyo imichiza. kukho iinxalenye umxube om-mali ngeempahla (in grams) nelitha 1 yamanzi The kulandelayo:

• phosphoric acid - hayi ngaphezulu kwama-40;
• zinc nayitreyithi - 200;
• zinc oksayidi - 15;
• Sodium sulfate - 8.

Le nkqubo iya Akumthathi xesha lide - ukulungisa isisombululo kunye imichiza ukusabela ngoko nangoko uya kuthabatha iyure kangangesiqingatha. Enye yeemfuno eziphambili ekufuneka ilandelwe ngexesha lokulungiswa yesinyithi, esona sicombululo yoxinaniso echanekileyo kunye lobushushu (hayi ngaphantsi kwe +18 ° C kwaye hayi ngaphezulu kwe +25 ° C). Le ndlela ivumela ukufumana phosphating metal abandayo ekhaya, kodwa ke imveliso yentsimbi kakhulu enasilela umgangatho processing ukusuka ukulungiselela "Mazhef" - ububanzi iphezulu isiphumo umboniso Kudla ngokungabikho microns mkhulu ku-5.

iindawo iron phosphating Electrochemical

Uninzi iiteknoloji nokuhlawulwa iimveliso metal hola kuthandwa emsebenzini, ziye zasetyenziswa ngempumelelo amateurs. Olunjalo electrochemical machining kunye umphezulu yentsimbi ukutyabeka kuthetha ethembekileyo umboniso ngenxa abasabela ngayo electrolyte kunye yangoku. Isiseko bokusebenza umgaqo le ndlela ukusetyenziswa "Mazhef" phosphoric acid okanye iziyobisi.

Iron workpiece eza phosphated, imvelaphi inyuselwa electrode. Ulwakhiwo uvikivwa isicombululo ibhafu kunye ukulungele kwangaphambili kwaye isetyenziswe njengendawo iintonga anode zinc - kufuneka nabo ukuzisa umbane. Ukuze ngokuchanekileyo ukuprosesa but is mfuneko ukubhenela ukusetyenziswa womnatha ophezulu-ombane, kwanele 25 V AC okanye DC electric current.

"Mazhef" - ekwakhiweni ilungileyo primer metal phambi ukupeyinta

phosphating inkqubo ihlala ixesha elifutshane --avareji, ukuya sisiqingatha seyure. Le izixhobo ezilungele nokuhlawulwa iimveliso naphakathi ngqo. Ngokuba izinto kunye kuyilo ngxuba zejometri kufuneka ukhethe indlela eyahlukileyo yentsimbi phosphate enamathela ukuze kuthintelwe ukusasazeka galvanizing film. Njengoko esetyenziswa kwishishini kunye nekhaya "Mazhef" luphawu eliphezulu ukwakheka womhlaba ukuba zonke iziqinisekiso kunye GOST ehambelanayo. phosphating umzimba ngomatshini metal - enye ezona zizathu zixhaphakileyo ukuba usebenzise izinto. Ukukhusela imoto evela irusi, "Mazhef" isicelo ngisho kwezo ndawo apho babebazi abadume, ipeyinti akayi kuhlala ixesha elide (umzekelo, kwi ezantsi imoto).

Ukuqhubela phambili processing ngesinyithi, ukusuka kumphezulu ephelisa ukungcola, uthuli, amasuntswana yebhitumene kwaye kakuhle degreased. umxube Ukusebenza ingalungiswa ngokuzimeleyo, kodwa kakhulu ukonga ixesha ngokulinganayo uya kuyithumela le fom zetoti ukukhululwa. Ngaloo ndlela ezinye wezenzi isicelo intsimbi ukuphathwa ibrashi. Kodwa le ndlela unikezelo ayikho efanelekileyo engekho namava priming - kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ukulandela isicelo efanayo nokwakheka phosphate.

Iingcebiso malunga nokusetyenziswa iikhompawundi phosphate

Xa unyango kwendawo ezithile zesinyithi encinane "Mazhefom" uba kunokwenzeka, nenkqubo lamination eshushu zokuzikhusela ifilimu. Isixhobo esisesinye ukwakheka angazenza umxube ezifunyenwe zinc Nitrate kunye phosphoric acid. Ekuhambeni kulungiselelwa inginginya ayikwazi okomzuzwana ukulibala malunga isilumkiso kunye nokhuseleko ezingundoqo:

• Uyacetyiswa ukuba ukunxiba iindondo ezikhethekileyo zokhuselo.
• Ukuthintela ityhefu lubalasele ngababini endilichitha ukusebenza esitratweni okanye igumbi linomoya.
• Emva kokugqitywa kwenkqubo, bazihlambe izandla ukuba iikhemikhali amasuntswana musa nxiba kwiinwebu amehlo, umlomo.

Olona nyango lokugqibela emva phosphating iindawo

Ngokuqhelekileyo, i-phosphate metal kwelo khaya ayikho Inqanaba lokugqibela le-processing imveliso. Ukususela porosity ngesakhiwo galvanic yokhuselo umboniso zingachaphazela phambili ukusebenza kunye nokusebenza iimpawu zayo, umphezulu but is passivated. Njengoko izisombululo ukuqinisekisa ngobuqhophololo kunye evenness kusalekwa, esebenzisa potassium dichromate okanye sodium dichromate. Kwinkqubo ngentsimbi agqibileyo kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba ningethi yokuziphatha ubushushu: izifundo kunye umboniso phosphate egxile izisombululo isidanga-80 kwaye ayafukanywa kubo imizuzu engama-20 ubuncinane. Emva passivation, imveliso ukuphathwa yokuqaba amafutha, yaye emva koko, isisombululo zepetroli abicah fluid kwindawo ratio 1:10.

Indlela ukukhangela umgangatho zokuphepha umboniso kwi lenkcenkce?

Makuboniswe ukuba ukutyabeka iziphumo elivumelana iimpawu lowu, kucingwa ukuba isakhiwo esihle-olungisiweyo kunye ubuncinane inani pores. Kwakhona Production kuthathelwa ingqalelo ukubaluleka ezithile umaleko isicelo: ubunzima ifilimu mayingagqithi grams amathathu 1 square nganye. imitha. phosphating Umyinge (unyango ngentsimbi kwenzeka kwiqondo lobushushu okupheka) ivumela ukuba ufumane ukutyabeka olomeleleyo ubukhulu kabani besukelana microns 7 nohlobo nefuthe abandayo maleko galvanizing uya ubukhulu zibencinane kwaye kungoko has a olihlwempu.

A tips ezimbalwa ukwenzela phosphating: kufuneka ukuba uyazi?

Ukuze phosphating ngempumelelo izityalo yemveliso metal kubalulekile ukuba banikele ingqalelo kule ngongoma zilandelayo:

• Indlela elula ukulungiselela intlama phosphating, enokusetyenziselwa ukunyanga macandelo nkqo, ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: ukuxuba "Mazhef" okanye isisombululo zokwexeshana of phosphoric acid kunye nezinki nitrate kunye lokufaka cala - talc powder, kaolin. Ekhaya - ukugcina umlinganiselo (iindawo ezi-3 isisombululo ngalinye 2 kweziyobisi uphuqeka).
• Isisombululo phosphate kungongezwa amacandelo bamafutha - oku kuya konga amandla ukulungiselela phosphating metal. Ukulungiselela le njongo, 1 ilitha yamanzi kuyimfuneko ukongeza 45 g sodium nitrate kanye monophosphate, nesiqingatha icephe isepha. Iinkcukacha ndandichithe ixesha ngokuhlamba phosphating kufuneka kwandiswe kabini.
• Ukususa umhlwa ukusuka kumphezulu yesinyithi kufuneka ukufaka phosphoric acid polyphosphates ezintsonkothileyo. Ukuphucula ukusebenza kwalo kwesisombululo ukunceda arhente ezikhethekileyo xa belele - oko kuya kuvulela umphezulu yentsimbi.
• Namafutha Phosphating - into idityaniswe ubume ukuba unyango komhlaba. Ngayo, yonke inkqubo kuthatha ubuncinane ixesha.

ezakhiwe zentsimbi unyango phosphate nawuphi ingxubevange

Ukuthathela ingqalelo yokuba ebambe ngaxeshanye iinkqubo metal phosphating ezininzi luncedo ebonakalayo kuphela kushishino, kodwa kubomi bemihla ngemihla, eli shishini ube indawo okunokwenzeka zokuphuculwa zobugcisa electroplating ezikhoyo. Ukongeza ugcino mali, olubonwa xa phosphating ekhaya, le unyango nsimbi nezinye iingenelo eziliqela. Umzekelo, iikhompawundi phosphate ayakwazi ukuzikhusela ekutshatyalalisweni nje omnyama kodwa aluminiyamu non-ayoni (nobhedu, isiqalelo esithambileyo esimhlophe, i-aluminiyamu, njalo njalo. D.).

Ukukhusela nesinyithi kwiindawo umhlwa okubangelwa zizinto zangaphandle, iimeko zemozulu, kuya kusingathwa ngoko nangoko emva kwethu uEllerines. akukho ingozi intsimbi, akanako kuqhutywa, kodwa mkhuba bavame uzuza ixabiso zokuhombisa - kwimeko bakhawuleze iimveliso zesinyithi uphathwa kwigumbi nokufuma ngokugqithiseleyo nebhodi oluhlaza ukuze ube phezu komhlaba.