Yintoni na uhlanga? laphuma nini? Oku kuyafana ne ingqikelelo 'abantu' okanye hlanga iipropati zayo? Kwakutheni ukuze abemi United States athi "Uhlanga Ukutya Fast"? Le mibuzo izakuzama ukufumana iimpendulo kweli nqaku. Noko ke, ngaphambi kokuba amisele ukuba yintoni na uhlanga, makhe ukusondela ingcamango yakhe.
Yintoni na uhlanga?
Ingcamango abantu ezize uluntu ixesha elide. Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo oko kwakuthetha uluntu oluthile lwabantu ohlobene ngokomnombo eqhelekileyo, uhlala kwindawo ethile, endingowakhe lokusingqongileyo kwinkcubeko ethile. Ngokushiyana izihlandlo lodidi lwabantu a esithile abantu abanokuba ngeyahlukileyo nokunyamezelana. Umzekelo, eGrisi yamandulo, abantu, njengoko kuchasene bakhona, bonke abo babethetha isiGrike. Ngokunjalo kwakunjalo e-China. E eYurophu, abantu baqalisa ukuba igama kwiklasi ilungelo nje, yaba ubunzima isakhiwo feudal. abalimi ezininzi wabona kwihlokondiba obungabangeli mdla kuzo zonke iimbombo lizwekazi. Namhlanje, abantu badla ukuba abize bonke abahlali imeko ethile. Ngoko ke, lo ingqiqo kuzisa ndawonye bonke abo babe ngabemi okanye uhlanga.
Yintoni na uhlanga? definition Intshayelelo
Kubalulekile ukuqaphela ukuba Lexicon mihla, kukho imibono ezahlukeneyo le mbono kunye neempawu, ezinxulumene ngqo uhlanga. Ngaphezu koko, kukho ungquzulwano kunye iinguqulelo kwezinye iilwimi. Umzekelo, i "volk" isiJamani abamanyeneyo uhlanga, yaye abantu ngegama elinye. Oko kukuthi, akukho mahluko yiJamani. Kule ncwadi IsiNgesi-ulwimi oluphawulweyo ingcamango "hlanga" yaye "abantu". Le yokugqibela, Noko ke, ayikho into efanayo njengoko abantu ngolwimi Russian. ingcamango Russian-language of "hlanga" kukuba othile nokuqhubekeka yabantu kunye nophuhliso lwabo. Ukuba isizwe ngaphezu kokuba umanyano zebhayoloji okanye esemthethweni ukuba likhona ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, uhlanga - ingcamango lwentlalo-nasengqondweni. Ukuguqula abantu ibe luhlanga kuyimfuneko ukuqonda kuluntu lwawo kwaye ekwabelwana ikamva zembali. Asinto nje iseti izinto ezifanayo ezifana ulwimi okanye inkcubeko (nangona ibalulekile kakhulu njengesiseko), oku kuqonda nangokwasengqondweni umanyano onke amalungu esizwe kunye nomnqweno kuphuhliso ngokudibeneyo. Ingongoma eliphezulu kuphuhliso naluphi na uhlanga kukudala imeko yabo. Yiyo lo mnqweno kudla imisela ukuzalwa uhlanga emehlweni mbali neengcali.
isizwe ezopolitiko kunye nobuhlanga
abaphandi phenomenon Modern zokwahlula ezi ntlobo zimbini uphakathi kweentlanga mihla. Ngokufutshane, ahluke malunga nezinto bungengo bemveli. isizwe lobuzwe wawubeka intliziyo umanyano ngegazi kunye nemiqondiso eziphilayo. Umzekelo ezaziwa uhlanga ezinjalo imiqobo kunye baseJamani. jikelele ehlabathini nokufu- yokufudukela sibangele ukuba kubekho imfuneko ukudibanisa izinto angaphandle kweli kuluntu kweentlanga. Umzekelo, kwi-French ezingqondweni ubunzima ngentsimbi French kunye nenzala abafakwa evela kumazwe Maghreb. Kakade ke, ngenxa yalo, ukuba mfuneko nesabelo zezembali neminqweno yesizwe. Imfuneko ukwenza ingqikelelo uhlanga yezopolitiko kunye nokungena ithi multi-yobuhlanga (ezifana ne-US okanye eSoviet Union). Le mbono "womntu yiSoviet" uba kulo mzekelo isixhobo ukuba ndawonye izinto saa mzimbeni mnye.
Yintoni na uhlanga? laphuma nini?
Benedict Anderson - enye abaphandi zelizwe into - eyaqamba ibinzana elithi "uluntu engqondo". Ngokomzekelo, uhlanga ikhona kuphela ezingqondweni amalungu ayo, yaye kuphela kwenzeka xa ukuwa yoluntu lwemveli ezifana uluntu lali, kunye nomsebenzi Dortmund ingqondo solidarity kazwelonke kunye nonobhala Rostock. Ukusekwa kwe umanyano abaninzi negalelo-ndaba. Nokutshatyalaliswa yoluntu lwemveli - i-revolution yezoshishino. Ngenxa yoko, ukuzalwa beentlanga, abaphandi ezininzi (kuquka Hobsbawm, Gellner, Smith) ezinxulumene ne XIII ngokukodwa ukususela ngenkulungwane XIX kwimbali iYurophu eMelika.