Yintoni kwamajoni omzimba? Kwaye kutheni kuyimfuneko?

Inkqubo omzimba umntu - ingqokelela iiseli, ancedisana organ linoxanduva lokubonelela ukhuseleko nxamnye Cya angaphandle kunye izinto, kwakunye iiseli zabo, inkqubo yakhe yemfuza yaphulwe (umzekelo, iiseli ithumba). Kwimeko apho kule nkqubo kukho nawuphi na umonakalo okanye ukungasebenzi kakuhle, oku kukhokelela ekufeni yonke eziphilayo.

Amacandelo kumajoni omzimba womntu

Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, amajoni omzimba womntu uchazwa indibanisela amalungu alandelayo, ancedisana iiseli:

1. Amalungu lymphoid engundoqo (zolwakhiwo lymphoid of isihlomelo, lymphoid ngokobuninzi colon, isibindi ezingekazalwa, lomongo wethambo kunye thymus).
2. Zezigqeba lymphoid peripheral (udakada kunye nkovu ezalathelwe).
3. omzimba (monocytes, lymphocyte, polynuclear iiseli ezimhlophe zegazi, Langerhans iiseli, njalo njalo).

Kulo mzekelo, ngokuba eqhelekileyo yokusebenza kwamajoni omzimba zibalulekile zonke iiseli, ancedisana amalungu. Iinkqubo Ilungu (wokudla, enzala, kunye nabanye) ngokwanele kuxhomekeka ngamandla kumphakamo sifo. Ngaloo ndlela kuyehla ngokulandelelana ukwanda kwengozi zophuhliso izifo ezithile ezosulelayo, kwakunye kukuvela zombini yamathumba ebubonisayo nesibuhlungu. Ngenxa yoko, amajoni omzimba lidlala indima ebalulekileyo ebomini yayo yesiqhelo.

njani na amajoni omzimba?

Impendulo omzimba ekuqalisweni esi silwanyana oluqhutywa phaya ngeendleko iiseli ezifana leukocytes. Baya kuza iintlobo eziliqela: neutrophils (uhlaba abamnkela, basophils, kunye eosinophils), monocytes kunye lymphocyte (B-lymphocyte, T-lymphocyte kunye NK-cells). Yaba bokuqala ukufika neutrophil nokungena site usulelo kwaye uqale ukutshabalalisa iintsholongwane amazwe. Ngelo xesha linye izakwenza umsebenzi ongcono kunye iintsholongwane. Ukuba umzimba ukungena iintsholongwane, kuba kakhulu ngempumelelo ezi seli ngakumbi.

Ngaphandle nje ukuba amajoni omzimba womntu uyakwazi ukucinezela inkoliso Cya aziwa, namanje 'ukukhumbula' abaninzi kubo kwimeko kwakhona usulelo kubo ukumelana inkathazo kakhulu ngokukhawuleza (kunye nelahleko ngaphantsi ngenxa eziphilayo).

Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba amajoni omzimba, ukuba luncedo kakhulu, nako ekuphembeleleni iimpembelelo ezingalunganga ubomi babantu. Oku kakhulu ngokucacileyo wabonakalaliswa emva abohlukeneyo. Inyaniso kukuba ngenxa yokuba amajoni omzimba uyasibona izihlunu zomzimba omzimba ngolwasemzini, kaninzi kwenzeka ngumbala lusenokungamkelwa. Ngenxa yoko, abantu kufuneka ukuba yenze uphando entsonkothileyo kunye neminyaka zokulinda ukuba onikelayo ofanelekileyo. Ukongezelela, maxa wambi amajoni omzimba abangaphangeliyo umfazi rivaleleke kwisidoda abangamakhwenkwe, ngenxa yokuba, kwakhona, eqalisa ukuba sizigqale ezingafunekiyo neziyingozi umzimba. Ngenxa yoko, kukho ekuthiwa ngumzimba ukungavumelani phakathi kwamaqabane. Ukuze iplagi ukwenza abantwana babo, umfazi ukuthatha amachiza immunosuppressive. Xa kunjalo, ukuba umama RH igazi elibi kwaye umbungu - yi-HIV, ngexesha ukhulelwe yokuqala, unako kugonyo kuyo. Ngenxa yoko, lo mntwana elandelayo, ukuba uya kuba umnini RH into entle, ukuze phantsi kolu nokuhlaselwa amajoni omzimba kukamama wakhe, nto leyo ekhokelela kuphuhliso kwemiqathango ngokwaneleyo enzima emngciphekweni, ezifana kwimveku kunye nomfazi ngokwakhe.