Yintoni absolutism kanye neNgonyama ngokupheleleyo?

Kukho iindlela ezininzi karhulumente. Noko ke, asinguye wonke umntu unako ukuchaza, umzekelo, ukuba absolutism kunye nkulu. Ukusuka lo mbono kufuneka ziqwalaselwe ngononophelo. Umzekelo, ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe kumbuzo yintoni na absolutism. Ekubeni ilizwi Latin eliguqulelwe ngokuthi "unlimited" okanye "elizimeleyo".

Yintoni absolutism phantsi kwenkqubo yezopolitiko? Impendulo yalo mbuzo ilula ukunika, ngaphandle kokuya kwi iinkcukacha ezithile. Absolutism - luhlobo karhulumente feudal, nesuka kwisithuba ngokuvela capitalism kunye sokonakalisa ubudlelwane wobukhosi.

Ukusuka kwindawo ngokusesikweni ngokusemthethweni ukuba uphendule lo mbuzo: "Yintoni na absolutism?" Njengokuba hlobo. Intloko karhulumente kuthathwa ezingundoqo, enyanisweni, umthombo kuphela kwegunya lowiso-mthetho kweli lizwe. Kwakhona ke isebe olawulayo. YoMlawuli ubeka yonke imithetho kwaye nokulawula ngobuchule-mali karhulumente kunye zobuncwane. Oko ebusweni absolutism bungwanyalala ifikelele iqondo kakhulu ebaluleke lonke igunya ezandleni lomntu omnye, oku kudala izixhobo eneenkcukacha zomthetho kunye nerhafu (sama). Wadala umkhosi imile.

Yintoni absolutism ukusuka kwindawo zentlalo ngayo? Inkxaso kwezentlalo ye inkqubo yezopolitiko - it nezidwangube. Noko ke, ngelo xesha ukumkani ingundoqo ngayo idlala phezu ukuphikisana phakathi iklasi amanene kunye noohlohlesakhe, kodwa, nakuba kunjalo, nangona loo nto athi namandla, kodwa impembelelo ngokwaneleyo.

Nangaliphi na ixesha elithile yembali yehlabathi ngqo absolutism wadlala kakhulu, indima ebalulekileyo inkqubela kwezentlalo nezopolitiko. Ukusebenzisa zonke iingenelo zakhe eziphambili, oku nyangweni kumzabalazo ochasene intshukumo obuzimele kunye ngabafo feudal, wazama ukubheka ibandla kurhulumente. Kungenxa kule nkqubo yezobupolitika ekugqibeleni zinyamalele Wamakhosi nokuqhekeka kwezopolitiko. isiseko kwabekwa ubudlelwane nkulu baqalisa inkqubo ukuyilwa ithi ezahlukeneyo yesizwe kunye neentlanga ngokubanzi. Noko ke, ngelo xesha umsebenzi onjalo sele enokuveliswa kwaye ilixa mercantilism kunye norhwebo iimfazwe (a umzekelo omhle - oko absolutism eNgilani).

Noko ke, yabakho ke le into kakuhle echaphazela inkqubela. Ukusebenzisa izibonelelo ezitsha kwezoqoqosho ukuba baphumeze amandla umkhosi karhulumente, ukhuphiswano phakathi oohlohlesakhe kunye asebukhosini - yonke osondela yobudala yongxowankulu.

Yintoni absolutism ngokwemiqathango yempembelelo yalo kwimbali? Phantse zonke iifitsha uphawu nkqubo eziqulathwe kule nkqubo eFransi, apho unyawo eli-16-17. ngcembe absolutism IsiNgesi yaba neNgonyama siseko. ERashiya, Austria kunye iJamani, inkcaso loohlohlesakhe kunye izikhulu yaba ngaphantsi ngokukhawuleza, yaye ngenxa yoko anifumananga impendulo yayo absolutism kwindawo enye. E Germany enye, le imo amiliswe ngaphakathi yemihlaba oozilawuli ezincinane ngamnye. Kuba Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane elinesibhozo baqala ukwanda kangaka ngokuba absolutism bakhanyiselwa.