Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve. Yaroslavl State Historical-Zokwakha kunye Art Museum-Reserve

Itsala abahambi abaninzi namhlanje Yaroslavl. Indawo, inkcazelo leyo inokufunyanwa nayiphi na incwadana kubakhenkethi ezikholekileyo abamenyiweyo iliso balapha ngokufanayo. Kolunye kuzo singathetha namhlanje.

Abahambi ukubukela imimandla Yaroslavl, nje ayikwazi ukuba bazibona yoTshintsho Cathedral, ibekwe intliziyo mzi.

Kwaye ke ngamanye amaxesha kumangaliswa kukufumanisa ukuba isakhiwo asisiso icawa kunye myuziyam. Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve - elinye lamaziko enkcubeko ibalulekileyo kwisixeko Yaroslavl. Ngaphezu koko, yinto indawo yabakhenkethi ebalulekileyo. Oku ziyatyelelwa qho ngonyaka malunga 600 lamawaka. Man. Igama elipheleleyo le lwembali, ngokuzenzekelayo, akukho lula: "Yaroslavl State Historical-Zokwakha kunye Art Museum-Reserve."

ingcaciso emfutshane

Le sayithi yenkcubeko ukususela 1959 ise entliziyweni mzi, kwisakhiwo ngaphambili awayephantsi uMsindisi-yoTshintsho Monastery, eyapheliswa ngo-1787. Izityebi Imbali yesandla icon, neempahla icawa kunye amalaphu ezixabisekileyo, kwakunye imisebenzi yobugcisa yamandulo eziphethwe yi myuziyam. On kummandla walo isakhiwo ngenkulungwane ye-16 kwaye endala kwi entsonkothileyo. Ngu uguquka Cathedral. I-museum lukwaquka amabandla 6 ukuba ezikhumbuzo ezibalulekileyo zobugcisa kunye bokwakha kwenkulungwane ye-17.

History Museum

Ngowe-1865, 12 (25) NgoJanuwari, oko yavulwa nguMbutho, wadalwa ukufunda yendalo-yembali kwiphondo (igama elipheleleyo ityala wakhe ngeke), lwembali kuqala. Umsunguli balo Petrovskiy Andrey Stanislavovich, unjingalwazi wembali zendalo. Society ngo-1901 ulinike igama kwimbali yendalo, kunye nengqokelela enkulu entomological kwabunjwa emva koko. Natural History Museum kwinkulungwane yama-20, omnye lwembali inkulu eRashiya, ibekwe kweli phondo.

Ngowe-1895 ezidalwe Drevnehranilische. Yaba museum wembali, elizimisele - ukhuseleko isifundo lemveli lenkcubeko kunye nembali mmandla. ingqokelela kwakhe bezibandakanya imiboniso-100 ngo-1895, yaye ngowe-1914 eli nani lenyuswa laya sele ku amawaka 12 izinto.

Ngowe-1924, le iimyuziyam amabini kunye yaye kwasekwa i Museum yoMmandla Yaroslavl State. Owayesakuba Drevlekhranilishche (ezeMbali kunye Archaeological Museum), imyuziyam yobugcisa yamandulo (yavulwa ngoDisemba 1919, igalari art), imbali imyuziyam zendalo kunye nethala uphando kubandakanywa kumafa yayo. Waqala ukuba bathumele 1928 ulawulo imyuziyam Gubernsky.

Ngenxa yoko, kwenzeka kwinkulungwane yama-20, utshintshwano ezininzi ukuba into yenkcubeko uye wafumana iwonga reserve.

uguquka Monastery

Xa lomculo ekhethekileyo bokwakha, nto leyo ngaphambili eMonastri, ibekwe umboniso imyuziyam umdla kuthi. Enye ezikhumbuzo best bobugcisa kwilizwe lethu le Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery, yakhiwa ngo-1516.

Wayalela ukwakhiwa Basil III, isikhulu ezukileyo. Umsebenzi wenziwa nemigulukudu Moscow, elikhokelwa inkosi Italian. Yena phakathi kwabo ngokutsha ngexesha le Moscow yesicelo. Ubukumkani Ivana Groznogo imizobo kuba etempileni. Baye olwenziwe 1563 1564. Kuyinto enye ezimbini lomculo esekhona yokudweba omkhulu, ibhekisela kweli xesha, yaye omnye kuphela sehlo ezipheleleyo (siyazi amagama umhla amagcisa imizobo). Yakhelwe ngokohlobo oluqinile ngenkulungwane ye-16 inxalenye esezantsi belfry kunika imbono malunga neli hlobo nezakhiwo ezinxulumene sesakhiwo Rus Ancient. Ukugqitywa ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye-19, inxalenye ephezulu eye iqonga ukubukela, omnye kuphela ngohlobo lwayo Yaroslavl. It ikuvumela ukuba ubone yonke inxalenye ezikhuselweyo aloo mzi, leyo ziqukiwe kuluhlu izinto ezibalulekileyo zenkcubeko ehlabathini lonke-UNESCO.

Refectory kunye nezinye amangcwaba egciniweyo

EPhathelele 1516 Refectory yayakhiwe kwi kwimodeli ibekwe kwi Moscow yesicelo Palace of Iinkalo. Amangcwaba kwenkulungwane ye-16, ezifana nesango oyiNgcwele, inqaba inqaba lomculo (kuqala), umnyango engundoqo woonongendi, inxalenye iinqaba le lomculo. Kwinkulungwane ye-17 ubalisa Uglichskaya inqaba, eye arch travel enkulu phezu inxalenye esezantsi (it waba ukuhamba ukusuka Uglich on Yaroslavskyy posad) kunye Bogoroditskaya nenqaba kunye igumbi elikhulu, apho, mhlawumbi kumaXesha Aphakathi waqala ngaphansi.

5 bawabulala ezikhumbuzo kwenkulungwane ye-17, inebhongo Yaroslavl, yinxalenye yale reserve. Bachaza amanyathelo ahlukeneyo kuphuhliso Yaroslavl imizobo zesikolo netempile bokwakha. Ezi icawa Nikola Nadeina enxulumene 1622 (i imizobo kwenziwa ngo-1640), ukuzalwa, eyakhiwa ngo-1644 (ngo-1682 zaye zenziwa imizobo), uEliya uMprofeti (unyaka zokwakha - we-1650), Ioanna Predtechi, thaca kule ifoto ngezantsi (unyaka zokwakha - we 1687, imizobo eyenziwe 1696 no 1700 ngokulandelelana) kunye Epiphany (i imizobo bangamalungu-1693, kwakunye nesakhiwo ngokwalo).

Masithethe ngalo iingqokelela abasisigxina, nelinika iimvakatjhi Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve.

enobulungisa

Emva kokutyelela lo mboniso, uya kubona ukuba kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo oko mboniso, yaye uya kuba nxaxheba ngqo kwesi senzo umdla. Ungaya njenge umthengi, umthengisi, bezinja, kwakunye nabanye abathathi-nxaxheba omboniso. ziya kuba ezinye izinto ezandleni zenu. Geary kunye steelyards khaled "Umongikazi" yaye "ikhazi epeyintwe", amanyathelo zewayini kunye korenushki, kwakunye nezinye rarities ezininzi kunokubonwa kulo mboniso.

Mhlawumbi nabani na okhe weva okanye batyelela mboniso kuyo (kwaye namhlanje njalo). Okubangel 'umdla kukuba, yaye yintoni iimvakalelo neengcinga enza igama elithi' ubulungisa 'kuwe? Kakade ke, bekhalela, ingxolo kunye nokuhleka. "I Scream", ngendlela - ingqiqo eyiyo. Ngoko ke abarhwebi kunye waBathengisi ngokuba amazwi, lowo ukuba ukuthengisa impahla. Ngaba uyazi xa abantu yokuqala ukuthenga nokuthengisa, yaye yintoni iimveliso Ndinibonisile ngaloo maxesha amandulo ukuba athengise? Iimpendulo zale mibuzo neminye emininzi uya kufumana ngokundwendwela eli mboniso, nto leyo eya kwazisa ukuba kufutshane kwizithethe zezixeko Russian ezifana Yaroslavl. Ukuphonononga kubonisa ukuba kuya kuba abantwana kunye nabantu abadala umdla.

"I seLizwe, County, kwiphondo"

Le yenye mboniso Kuyaphawuleka ukuba sazisa iindwendwe imbali yenkcubeko, lwezoqoqosho nopolitiko kummandla kwixesha ukusuka kwi-16 ukuya 19. Amagumbi zintathu thaca iziganeko kwimbali ephathelele kwesi sigaba sexesha. Uza kufunda ukukhangela ngayo ngexesha kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo Yaroslavl, kunokuba sabhalwa kummandla Yaroslavl ebudeni bolawulo Ivana Groznogo, ixesha okwadala iiNkathazo kunye "Golden Age" yesixeko (imizuzu 17), ngokusekelwe kweli phondo, kwakunye malunga owaba umbusi yokuqala.

Lo mboniso ubhala ezishicilelweyo ngesandla iincwadi original kweenkulungwane 17-19, amajoni axhobileyo amazwe kunye Russian, bonke-Russian imifanekiso labangcwele abathetheli Yaroslavl, iisampulu nabakhandi art kunye besilivere bejewellery kunye nezinto zendlu, apho iifayile ezisetyenziswa abemi besixeko endulo Yaroslavl. Izimvo ukutyelela umboniso kuphela ezakhayo - kukho into ukuze ubone.

Iindwendwe ngaphandle ngasentla, funda-isikali zemali eSwitzerland esixekweni ebudeni bokuhlala kwabo njengabaphambukeli kulo wamajoni Minin kunye Pozharsky (oko kukuthi ngowe-1612), xa iinyanga 4 Yaroslavl yaba likomkhulu okwethutyana lonke ilizwe; unique lwemali Swedish ihlelo-ipleyiti 8 talers ogama ubunzima yi-16 kg (libhekisela 1659 ngonyaka); kwakunye nomqeqeshi omkhulu, awayenzayo iinkosi French lwe ngenkulungwane ye-18. Le buyo kanye lalibukele Melgunov Alexei Petrovich, lokuqala iRhuluneli-Jikelele Yaroslavl.

Iingubo iingalo, izicwangciso, iimaphu Yaroslavl, watercolors, imizobo, imizobo zokwakha kunye nezinye imiboniso ziyibonisa ngokucacileyo imbali zentlalo, zenkcubeko nezopolitiko kwiPhondo de ngenkulungwane ye-19.

"Wabekeleni"

Bhiyozela ukuvulwa kwale lesikhumbuzo eyodwa loluka Musin-Pushkin. Noko ke, imbali ukufunyanwa yayo kuhlala imfihlelo unanamhla. iye yavela Uhlelo lokuqala i "uLizwi" ekwindla ka-1800, yaye kwiminyaka eli-12 kamva, i-ngqangi apho Wagcinwa ecacileyo phezulu, endlwini Musin-Pushkin, wayitshisa ngomlilo ukuba obujikeleze ikomkhulu ngexesha iqhele uNapoleon kaThixo.

"Ilizwi" kwi Yaroslavl sesibuye okwesibini. I-open-air yimyuziyam 1985. Lo mboniso yavulwa, omnye kuphela hlobo eRashiya. Manor Ilovna - indawo apho iziseko babekwa collection Musin-Pushkin. Namhlanje, ndibuvelela Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve kuphela, ungabona ifenitshala, imisebenzi yobugcisa, iincwadi, uze uthelekelele yintoni le Estate ngaloo mihla. Amaxwebhu, iileta, zenkolo, kwakunye uhlelo lokuqala, nto leyo lwepaki, ukunika wonke ubani ithuba lokuba bazive ingqiqo ubunini kwimbali kokufunyanwa-ngqangi, isiphelo kwakhe okubuhlungu, nazalwa ngokutsha, kwaye, kakade, ukungafi.

"Icons of Yaroslavl kwiinkulungwane 16-18th"

Le yenye mboniso umdla osisigxina. LeMiboniso imifanekiso intyilalwazi ngokwenene zobugcisa Russian engamakhulu 16-18. icons umthendeleko omkhulu, ezifana Deesis enamanqanaba, "kumila kumbi", sidumisa, eyadalwayo i Yaroslavl kunye eMoscow iinkosi. Aba kwisiqingatha 2 kwenkulungwane ye-16. Ngenkulungwane ye-17, njengoko ukuze ukhumbule, le "Golden Age" of Yaroslavl. Ngelo xesha, ukuba kukho ezininzi icons -. Ioanna Zlatousta, uMprofeti uEliya, Ioanna Predtechi, kunye nabanye Modern Times Art lizisa umfanekiso kaYohane St. i iQhawe, Ngumfeli George, Arhangela Mihaila. Xa zizonke impembelelo zobuciko kunye namasiko Yaroslavl icon ukupeyinta. Konke oku ungabona ngokundwendwela i Yaroslavl Museum-Reserve.

Okunye exposure njalo

Ezinye imiboniso esisigxina ziquka umboniso othi "Hexapoda iinkosi iplanethi yethu", ebalisa oohlabamanzi, amabhabhathane, iintethe, amabhungane, iinyosi, kunye nezinye abameli kwihlabathi izinambuzane. "Ubuncwane Yaroslavl" - yeyona ndawo ibalulekileyo lokuqokelelwa yimyuziyam. Lo mboniso inikeza iimveliso ngcungela ephakathi Novgorod, eMoscow, Yaroslavl, kwakunye bejewellery ixesha lethu. Uya kubona ubuncwane sacristies zeecawa nezigodlo ze Yaroslavl, iminikelo yabathengisi kwisinhanha, izinhanha zasekuhlaleni kunye nookumkani. Lo mboniso lokugqibela isigxina - "The Nature of kummandla Yaroslavl." isebe bendalo thaca kule evulekileyo-moya Museum, eyasekwa ngo-1865. Ngenxa izakhono Kuznetsova, semvelo, taxidermist, umgcini imyuziyam, nomkroli kunye opeyintayo, lo mboniso iye yafumana look mihla. Department of Nature ngo-1976, bawongwa igama lakhe. Le exposure bubonakaliswe ngayo yonke ubuninzi nenzaliseko izilwanyana kwingingqi Yaroslavl. Uya kufumana zombini izilwanyana babephila kumaxesha amandulo, yaye izilwanyana zale mihla. Ekubeni spring 1992 lolondolozo lwembali yabangela Bear ingqondo (ibhere iyaziwa ukuba abe uphawu Yaroslavl). Apha ngezantsi iflegi kummandla Yaroslavl.

amasebe museum

Le myuziyam has amasebe 3: Memorial House Museum Sobinova museum "Cosmos" kunye Museum of Military Glory. Masithi amagama ambalwa malunga "Space", ibekwe kwilali Nikulskoe.

"Space" Museum

Sinikezelwa Valentina Tereshkova. Le myuziyam yavulwa ngo-1975 kwaye iqulathe izakhiwo ezimbini, apho zidityaniswe zibe isakhiwo enye. Inxalenye yesikhumbuzo - ngengca umlimi, othe ngako iinkcazelo ze Tereshkova kakhulu kunye nezalamane zakhe. Ifunyanwa kwilali ekuthiwa Maslennikovo Kuninzi ibekwe 1.5 km ukusuka Nikulskoe, engafakwanga indlu ngabazali bakhe, ngoko ke yakhiwa lwasefama phezu imodeli unina endlini Tereshkova kayise, apho wayehlala intsapho ngexesha lemfazwe. Le ingcaciso ifumaneka e kwisakhiwo mihla, injongo wakha. Isixelela ibali Valentina Tereshkova kunye nabanye abahlali kummandla Yaroslavl, nto leyo ebe negalelo kuphuhliso astronautics.