Yabemi Paris. indawo ka Paris

Ndwendwela isixeko Paris ufuna phantse wonke umntu olapha emhlabeni. Oku akumangalisi, kuba kukho ngukumkani likhubalo elikhethekileyo nomoya ekhethekileyo. Njengoko ibonisa yokusebenza, into, uzivelele zonke iindawo zasekuhlaleni, yaye kwiveki akayi kuba nexesha elaneleyo. Kamva kweli nqaku siza kuqwalasela ngakumbi malunga kulo mzi emangalisayo, kuquka imbali yayo kunye nabantu.

incazelo jikelele

Ngokubanzi, ikomkhulu French Ngokomzi kakhulu. indawo Paris Total imalunga 105 ezikwere zeekhilomitha. idolophu Umda ekhuselweyo indlela umsesane, ekuthiwa neuropathy Boulevard, yaye Wababela kodonga lasekhohlo kunye kodonga lasekunene lomlambo Seine. Elulawulweni, esi sixeko yahlulahlulwe kwizithili amabini, nto leyo kwababaliweyo ukusuka kwiziko ukuya namadlelo. IParis iziko lolawulo, yenkcubeko, ezoshishino kunye nezopolitiko karhulumente. Kule minyaka imbalwa idlulileyo, kuyamanyaniswa ngamandla kunye namadlelo ayo, ngaloo ndlela ukwakha indawo ombhaxa ngobukhulu kweli lizwe.

geography

Ikomkhulu France ise entla lizwe, iikhilomitha 145 ukusuka IsiNgesi Channel. River Seine iParis bawela esinga kwelasezantsi-mpuma ukuya emntla-ntshona. Paris Map ibonisa amasebe Umthambo indlela ezingakhutshelwanga ezikolu kweso sixeko, ngaloo ndlela kusekwe i Nikeza siqithi. Kwaba kuye kanye umisile ngoku nalapho abantu bokuqala balapho. sites abaninzi umdla zembali ibekwe ecaleni lomlambo. Ngomhla ngaphandle komzi iindawo kakhulu ebanzi, apho kuhlala engaphuhliswanga ngexesha lethu. Kule meko sithetha ngayo kwaye ehlathini Bois de Vincennes. Kudala-dala kwakukho awayezingela izinhanha isiFrentshi, yaye ngoku le ndawo iye omnye ethandwa kakhulu phakathi baseParis. Njengoko nazo phantse yonke eFransi, iParis uphantsi kweempembelelo emanzi, imozulu epholileyo. Kwiinyanga zasebusika, ubushushu umoya iwela ngaphantsi 0 degrees kunqabile kakhulu. Yona ekhephini, ayifiki nayo kungeyonto ayenza rhoqo.

Imbali emfutshane

Phambi ayehlasela yimikhosi yamaRoma ngowama-52 BC kwindawo ngoku umiwe zezizwe Gauls ikomkhulu French. Abahlaseli ke wabiza parizeyami nabantu basekuhlaleni. Ukusuka eli gama livela igama laloo mzi. Njengokuba bekutshiwo ngaphambili, oko ekuqaleni kuhlala Nikeza kuphela siqithi - ngoku iziko yimbali ka Paris. Kule minyaka ingama-50 izayo umzi ikhule kancinci ebhankini ekhohlo. Ngoku nantsi indlela i Quarter wamema Latin. ulawulo waseRoma yaphela kunyaka 508.

Ebudeni benkulungwane elinanye yesixeko kwabatyhutyha ibhanki ekunene, kwaye ebukumkanini uKumkani Philip II Augustus (1180-1223) yayilixesha luphuhliso olukhawulezayo kuyo. Ngeli xesha, ukwanda kakhulu kuphela indawo Paris, kodwa akhe iicawa ezininzi, eligangathiweyo iindlela ezingundoqo, kwakunye Louvre inqaba lakhiwa. KumaXesha Aphakathi isixeko waba ngomnye kumaziko ngokwasengqondweni shopping phambili eYurophu, kunye nophuhliso ngamandla ngexesha ima nje ngenxa bhubhane isibetho, eziqale kwinkulungwane yeshumi elinesine. Ngowe-1852, ngokukhuthazwa maxesha loMlawuli eLondon UNapoleon III ngokuyinxenye yakhiwa Paris.

Ngenkulungwane yokuqala amabini, ukukhula koqoqosho nazo zonke France. EParis, wayexakekile. yesiqinisekiso olothusayo lobuninzi oku zaqhutywa ngempumelelo apha Olympic Games and World Expo, nto leyo watyelela zizigidi abakhenkethi abavela kulo lonke ihlabathi. Kwangaxeshanye, umgca wokuqala metro yavulwa.

IMfazwe Yehlabathi II

NgoJuni 1940 isixeko ilawulwa nemikhosi yaseJamani. Balibala ke khona apho de kuye ekupheleni kuka Agasti 1944. urhulumente kulindeleke ukuba loo msebenzi, yaye ke ngoko ixesha phambi kokuba kufakwe French capital Paris, amaNazi, bakhona bakhutshwe ngokuyinxenye, yaye izikhumbuzo kunye izakhiwo zoluntu - zigqunywe iiplasitiki. Enoba lwalunjani, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubunokumthelekisa nezinye iidolophu ezinkulu yaseYurophu, oko phantse ayiphazamiseki.

Ixesha post-imfazwe kunye namhlanje

Yophuhliso nophuculo French kwaqhubeka kule minyaka yasemva kwemfazwe. Ngeli xesha, wakhula kakhulu kunye namadlelo baqalisa ukwakha ishishini, zoshishino kwizithili Defense, ngoku eyaziwa kwilizwe lonke kumgca kwayo izakhiwo. Xa yee- yenkulungwane yokugqibela isixeko layigubungela uqhankqalazo abaninzi. Bona kakhulu zenzeka namadlelo ayo, yaye ezinxulumene ukungoneliseki abahlali bendawo, ubukhulu becala abasuka kwamanye amazwe. zaqalwa kakhulu kwenzeka ekupheleni kuka-2005. Emva koko abantu abaziinjubaqa emele abantu ukufika eParis, ukuba ubaqononondise nxamnye yabo isikhundla ekuhlaleni kunye nobume atshiswe amawaka iimoto yaye ngokufuthi ahlasela izakhiwo zoluntu. Kule mihla, ngendlela ethile emangalisayo inkqubela ngokuvisisana kwimbali ngenkulungwane ubudala. Ngokukodwa, iqela ngemisebenzi zokwakha, adalwe amagcisa hlabathi-edumileyo, zakhiwe izakhiwo ultramodern. Kwaye le nto ayithethi kungqubana bume zasekuhlaleni, nto leyo esele kusenzeka kangangeenkulungwane.

labantu

Ukusukela namhlanje, inani yabemi iParis abantu abamalunga nezigidi ezingama-2.3. Le dolophu salathisi phakathi inkulu izixeko ezintlanu European Union. Malunga 300 amawaka yabemi balo bezinye izizwe, wafika apha bevela kumazwe aseYurophu kwaye Afrika. Thathela ingqalelo namadlelo kummandla ombhaxa eyaziwa ngokuba Greater Paris, ilikhaya kubantu abamalunga ne-10 lezigidi. Kulo lonke eli lizwe, le ngingqi gustozaselonnym kakhulu. Sobalisela kuba kaloku, esi sixeko zenza i-17% yabemi karhulumente, nangona ithatha% 2 kuphela nommandla wayo.

Inani labemi ka Paris yakhula ngamandla kwixesha ukususela 1945 ukuya ku-1970. Eli xesha waphawulwa nokuya enkulu kwezinye iingingqi zeli lizwe, kwakunye nezinga ukuzalwa eliphezulu kwiintsapho kufika apha ebantwini. Kule yee-, ukuthontelana kwabantu abatsha ingakumbi musani ukuyeka, kodwa eli xesha isixeko washiya abemi abaninzi yobudala ephakathi. Ngenxa yoko, kuye ikakhulu amazwe kunye nabantu abadala kwiminyaka elishumi abemi kwikomkhulu French.

Njengoko kuboniswe izifundo manani, kuyo yonke imbali yabantu ka Paris iya kuchuma kakhulu nabafuduki abasuka kwamanye amazwe. Ekupheleni koo-Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane wokugqibela, oku yanda. Ngeli xesha, abaphambukeli accounted for malunga-25% abantu balapho. Baba becala Algeria, baseSpeyin, Portuguese, kunye nabanye abameli kobokuqala amathanga isiFrentshi. ubukhulu becala bathinjelwe imisebenzi ephantsi lihlawulwe zokwakha kunye noshishino. Iziphumo zako konke oku iingxaki zezindlu etsolo ezithe zavela ngaphakathi Greater Paris ngenxa - kwakukho ematyotyombeni abantu ngabantu abahluphekayo kakhulu.

umnotho

Elikomkhulu eFransi, kunye namadlelo ayo, Oqhayisayo isalathiso liphezulu kweli lizwe kwenani labantu abaqeshwe. Paris, abemi abaninzi beso sixeko ikakhulu isebenza kwiindawo ezifana nokuveliswa iiwotshi, izacholo, iziqholo, fashion kunye nempahla eninzi ezikumgangatho ophezulu. Ezi mveliso akholisa kwenziwe kwiindibano ezincinane, ummandla ucukene kumbindi wesixeko. akhawunti abasebenzi Industrial malunga-kota bonke abahlali abaqeshwe ka Paris. Kakhulu kuphuhliswa apha imboni inkonzo. amashishini esikhulu ukugxininisa ekuvelisweni iimoto,-ntaka, ubunjineli yombane kunye neekhemikhali, ibekwe ikakhulu kwi namadlelo kumantla engaphakathi.

endaweni

Ngokuqhelekileyo, abahlali agglomeration bahlala kwizindlu olunye-usapho encinane ezazakhiwe emva kwixesha interwar, kwakunye kwizakhiwo eziphakamileyo evelayo emva Second World War. Nangona zindlu kweli xesha unamathupha na, ingxaki yokunqongophala izindlu Amadlelo eyinkunzi French ihleli. Ngaphezu koko, uninzi kwemizi liyi yokuba izibonelelo mihla ibekwe apha. Uninzi lwabantu bendawo abemi abasuka kwamanye amazwe. Eyona idumileyo, kwidolophana kuphela ye-capital French zithathwa woKhuselo, Versailles kunye Saint-Denis. abahlali babo zibonelelwa ngokwaneleyo imisebenzi kunye nophuhliso lweenkonzo.

Ukhenketho, ukuthenga kunye yasebusuku

Capital of France, Ngokwezibalo, mzi kakhulu watyelela ehlabathini. ngonyaka ngamnye eze apha avareji zabakhenkethi 30 million. Akumangalisi oku, ekubeni kusekho obukhulu ezininzi yembali zaphawula ezahlukeneyo. Ukongeza, umzi itsala abatyeleli kunye iimfihlelo zayo, izitrato bamandulo kunye nomoya ekhethekileyo. Kulo mzekelo, umntu wokuqala eze apha, musa nokuba mfuneko imephu Paris kunye ezinika izicelo. Kuyo nayiphi na imeko yena uya kuba noyolo, ngenxa yokuba kukho ekhethekileyo ngokupheleleyo emagumbini onke.

Esinye isizathu sokuba abahambi ukuba ikomkhulu isiFrentshi - ukuba evenkileni. Ukuchitha ixesha free ukwenza oku, kwaye ngathi bendawo. Ukwenza ukuthenga Akuyomfuneko ukuya naphi na, kuba izitalato abaninzi, kuphela abakhethiweyo, kodwa yokuthenga cheap. Kulo mzekelo, injongo yokuthenga for baseParis kuyehla kwinkqubo, ukuba uthenge into enyanzelekileyo.

Emva mnyama, isixeko utshintshwa: i iibrorho ezikhumbuzo zokwakha aqalile ukuba enakhanyiselwa ngayo, kunye elungisiwe kunye nezitalato esikhukulayo bukhazimla ngathi izibane bamandulo mihla. Paris, abantu bakhetha ukuchitha ixesha intlanganiso kunye nabahlobo bakhe. Baya yeqonga okanye zokutyela, yaye emva kwabo ngamanye amaxesha ndiye kwimijuxuzo nemivalo.