Le zokubasa medium ukufudumeza: Iimpawu ne Nkcazelo

Avamise kakhulu kumazwe amaninzi namhlanje inkqubo ubushushu nokhutshelo ubushushu fluid. Bamele lonke uluhlu izixhobo zokufudumeza, nto leyo inokuba enzima okanye elula.

Kwimeko yokugqibela, le nkqubo imele ukufudumeza yesekethe evulekileyo. Ukuba sithetha kwinkqubo, luquka yinxalenye sokufudumeza, izitishi zokumpompa, boilers kunye neenkqubo igiza. Iimpawu ze kulwelo elijikeleza iza kuchaphazela ukusebenza kwezixhobo, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukuba ukukhetha njengesipholisi echanekileyo.

kufuneka ibe yintoni njengesipholisi

Le ubushushu ukufudumeza, ngelishwa, asenokungakulungeli. Oku kubonisa ukuba naziphi na izinto eyaziwa ngoku yinto eyenziwa ngempumelelo kuphela phantsi kweemeko ezithile. Ngaloo ndlela, enye imeko ebalulekileyo iqondo lobushushu apho gwenxa kweziyobisi angasitshintsha iimpawu umgangatho wabo, kunye nayo, inkqubo nje liyayeka ukuba umsebenzi.

Ukuba ukwandisa umgangatho ezishelfini, kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ubushushu elungileyo transfer medium kufuneka baphathe ubushushu likhulu ixesha elifutshane kwi kujikelezo wesiza. Ubushushu ukulahleka ngexesha elifanayo ziya kuba ncinci. Kumele ube viscosity encinane, ngenxa yokuba lo isalathisi kuchaphazela isantya zokumpompa kunye nokusebenza. I njengesipholisi kufuneka abangele umhlwa inamacandelo nkqubo kunye neendlela ngenye kuvela ezifika zibe yimiqobo ekukhetheni kwabo. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, kufuneka nomahluko ukhuseleko womntu, musa ukudlula imigangatho iqondo lobushushu, zinetyhefu nomlilo.

Ukusuka abasebenzisi bangacela kuviwa yenye into ebalulekileyo echaphazela ukhetho, lubonakaliswa ngokwexabiso. Ukuba njengesipholisi kubonakala imali eninzi, kodwa uya kuba iimpawu ezintle, ngoko ukucenga ukhetho lwabo kwicala layo inani ayikwazi kuphela eliqingqiweyo kwabathengi.

Inkcazelo yamanzi njengesipholisi

Water - ovumisa transfer ubushushu ukufudumeza, nto leyo luphawulwa umthamo ubushushu eliphezulu zonke iziselo. Amanzi ezixineneyo. Ngenxa yoko, ikhilogramu amanzi lashushu 90 ° C, ukuze apholise le kwiradiyetha, ikhuphe ubushushu 20 kcal de ifikelela kwizinga 70 ° C. Wakhethwa njengesipholisi esebenzayo ngenxa yokuba lahlukile ukusuka izinto zokwenziwa eziphilayo kunye neempawu ezinobungozi.

Kungani ukhethe amanzi

Amanzi ke nina kuyaninqabisa yoluntu ukuvuza akayi kubangela ingxaki enkulu. ukuswela bayo bangonakala lula kuchuma mna, nedama kwi umthamo elishiyiweyo bolwelo. Ukuba Uthelekiso njengesipholisi kunye namanye, ke akukho angi ngokwexabiso, ngokuba engamanzi enganeno nje andikufumani.

icebiso elinobungcungela ukusetyenziswa kwamanzi

Water - ovumisa ubushushu ukufudumeza, nguwuphi na isetyenziswe ngendlela njengesiqhelo, kuba inee- neetyuwa neoksijini, nto leyo iba unobangela ngokudleka ukukalwa.

Ukwenzela ukuba kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza oluthembekileyo nkqubo, amanzi kufuneka athambise, kunokwenzeka ukuba usebenzise enye iindlela ezimbini ekhoyo. Okokuqala thermal, okwesibini - chemical. Kwimeko yokuqala, amanzi kufuneka eluhlaza. Kuba oku ibekwe ngesitya yesinyithi aze aqalise ukuba shushu. Le nkqubo iza kususwa carbon dioxide, kwakunye iityuwa, leyo ziba mayifakwe kwi ezantsi isitya. Kodwa ukumelana magnesium calcium khompawundi ziya kuhlala emanzini.

Uthe ukufudumeza medium ukufudumeza unako zinciphe kwakhona ngokusebenzisa imichiza ngokusebenzisa reactants. Kuba oku iingcali yaleza ukusebenzisa yesoda uthuthu, phosphate kunye islaked, nto leyo eza kuphelisa emanzini anetyuwa ezingenakunyibilika - ukuba nje kuwa ngaphandle nje kwenze. In inyathelo elilandelayo amanzi kuya kufuneka lokucoca nje ukuba uza kuphelisa iintsalela kwezinto.

Isisombululo ogqibeleleyo

Ukuba ukhetha emizini njengesipholisi ubushushu, ukhetho efanelekileyo kufuneka Yek amanzi njengoko thabatha kuphela ukuthenga kuyimfuneko.

Ingasetyenziswa emvula, eyahluke etephini, iqula kunye nokususa. Ukuba ugqiba ukusebenzisa ulwelo wathi, ngoko indima enkulu kule kuya edlalwa iimpawu njengesipholisi, oko kukuthi lobushushu. Xa lobushushu kwi isakhiwo ngezantsi 0 ° C, lwelo ngumkhenkce, kwaye kunokubangela i ukusilela kwinkqubo.

iimpawu zinendlela

Ingasetyenziswa xa kuqala kubanda, ebizwa ngokuba nezamerzayku kuwuzalisileyo ithumbu. Abayi ndiziqhawule nokuba kumaqondo obushushu asezantsi, oko ke kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba abanini propati yabucala, nesetyenziswa rhoqo. Isinqandi yenzelwe ukusebenza ngapha ebanzi uluhlu ubushushu yahluka phakathi -30 ° C nangaphezulu. Sales zingafunyanwa nokubanda, leyo ingasetyenziswa -65 ° C.

Ukuba ufuna ukwakha i zokufudumeza indlu lizwe, eli kufudumeze medium angamelwa nokubanda. Njengoko ubushushu sehlise izinga ezibalulekileyo ayiyi ngumkhenkce, nibe gelatinous. Kamsinya nje ukunyuka ubushushu, imbuyekezo ulwelo endaweni yaso, ngaphandle kokulahlekelwa ngeempawu.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba isinqandi akukho isoyikiso kumphathi wesekethe ubushushu. Ukuze kuthintelwe amaziko umhlwa ze aphelise umphezulu lwangaphakathi zemibhobho umhlwa, abenzi bongeze ezithile inhibitors kulo.

Yintoni ukukhumbula xa ukhetha i emelana

Ngenxa kula ongeziweyo, ixesha nokusebenza kwenkqubo zokufudumeza liyenyuka kangangeminyaka eliqela. Kodwa ke kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba engamanzi isinqandi ayikho jikelele, kunye nezongezelelo zinokusetyenziswa kuphela izinto ezithile. Oku kungenxa yokuba ezinye makayiqhawule phantsi imibhobho polymeric, kunye nabanye nokukhuthaza elivela kuzo umhlwa le electrochemical uhlobo.

ukuba irekhodi

Ukuba, ngokukhetha radiators njengesipholisi, ukhetha nokubanda, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba kota avareji ukusebenza kwawo yiminyaka-5, yaye oku kulingana zonyaka-10. Emva kokugqitywa kwale xesha umthamo njengesipholisi kufuneka kufakwe. Abanye abenzi kwaye acebise ngokusetyenziswa anti-ngumkhenkce iminyaka emi-3.

Kuthelekiswa emelana ngamanzi

Lidla abanini propati isigqibo uhlobo njengesipholisi ukuba iinkqubo indlu kwilizwe zokufudumeza ukukhetha kuzo. Xa uninzi amatyala kuthelekiswa isinqandi kunye namanzi.

I wokuqala viscosity ephakamileyo kwaye ifuna izixhobo zekhompyutha enamandla pump inkqubo kwegazi, oko kunokubangela iindleko ezongezelelweyo nakuvuka. Phakathi kwezinye izinto, le isinqandi ngaba inobunzima ephantsi ubushushu (ukuba ngqo, oko yi-15% ngaphantsi). Oku kubonisa ukuba imali ubushushu ntole ngakuba nomtsalane kunjalo, njengokuba kunjalo ngamanzi.

Isinqandi - Ukutshisa ovumisa ngabantu inkqubo ubushushu, esibonelela imfuneko ukutywina ngenyameko ngakumbi amalungu detachable. Nakwinkqubo okutsha kufuneka babeke radiators, umthamo yayo-50% enkulu xa kuthelekiswa nabo ezisetyenziselwa amanzi. Kunjengokuqhuba izixhobo zokufudumeza, nto leyo eya kubandakanya isinqandi kufuna isitya ulwando evaliweyo, ngenxa yokuba ukwandiswa ukwanda iya babonwe ngexesha ubushushu.

Iingcali ezininzi zithi ngakumbi ubuthi kulwelo, le uphawu ekunokuthiwa, umzekelo, ethylene ethers. In kwengoma izinto ezichazwe iya kubakho, eli Yinxalenye, nto leyo ebonisa imfuneko yokuba boilers beesekethe enye. Ngoko ke, phambi kokuba ugalele kunye nenkqubo nokubanda kufuneka siqwalasele lo mba ukufakela itanki ukwanda izixhobo zokumpompa capacious kunye namandla ngakumbi.

Radiators ukuba babe enkulu, umbhobho kufuneka zikhethwe ukuba ububanzi of umdla ngakumbi. Xa ngokwakha uxhulumaniso ngezikhonkwane kuyimfuneko ukusebenzisa uphawu ezikumgangatho ophezulu, umzekelo, paronitovye okanye Teflon gasket. Phezu ukuxutywa yokusetyenziswa isinqandi kwamanzi kuphela Yek, kunye nezinto ngamnye ukuzaliswa elandelayo iza kubonisa inkqubo ukuthotywa epheleleyo, kuquka izixhobo kwibhoyila.

iimpawu ezongezelelweyo emelana

Ngaphambi kokukhetha kulwelo transfer ubushushu kwaye bavelisa nokugcwaliswa kwenkqubo zokufudumeza, kufuneka uhlole iimpawu zayo. Umzekelo, ukhetho kufuneka kuchaphazela injongo kunye nokwakhiwa loo ongeziweyo kunye impefumlelwano iziyobisi kunye amacandelo inkqubo zokufudumeza, leyo kwenziwa ngentsimbi, iplastiki, intsimbi elinombala okanye zerabha kunokwenzeka.

flow lobushushu ukufudumeza kufuneka ithathelwe ingqalelo, ekubeni umenzi ngalinye ikhankanya olu khetho ukuba imveliso yakho. Kubalulekile ukuba bakuthathele ingqalelo ubomi iluncedo, kwakunye yokhuseleko esirhangqileyo nakwimeko yoluntu. Ukuba amanzi njengesipholisi owasebenzisayo, le nkqubo yokulungisa kwi indlela zemveli le ivaliwe okanye ezivulekileyo.

Izigqibo malunga ukukhetha njengesipholisi

Le aphakathi ndiwafudumeze inkqubo ukufudumeza indlu izwe kungaba nzima ukukhetha. Kubalulekile ukuthatha ingqalelo lobushushu ngexesha abandayo. Ukuba ithemometha ayikho ngaphantsi +5 ° C, kucetyiswa ukuba bakhetha amanzi phambi kokuba Ukugalela nyulu evela ukungcola.

Ukuba inqanaba lobushushu kuyinto ephantsi, inkqubo zokufudumeza kungcono ukukhetha nokubanda. Okanye ungasebenzisa i amanzi amanzi phambi kokuba abanini kwimibhobho, kodwa lo mzekelo usenokudibana kunye nokumelana ngenxa ukufuma, bazalise imibhobho ezingenanto kunye radiators.

Kubalulekile ukukhetha uhlobo izixhobo zokufudumeza ezingeni yoyilo na, ngenxa yale nkqubo phantsi isinqandi kunye namanzi zahlukile.

isiphelo

lobushushu njengesipholisi kwinkqubo zivula - kuba akukho nto kuphela eziya kuchaphazela ukhetho. Kubalulekile ukuba siqwalasele kwakhona amathuba zokufudumeza boilers. Kukho ethile esebenza nabavelisi ulwelo isixhobo sokubilisa amanzi. Le migaqo ayikwazi ngokuba ezibalulekileyo, kodwa neminqweno kumele balalele. Eneneni, maxa wambi ukhetho oluphosakeleyo njengesipholisi kukhokelela ukungaphumeleli kwibhoyila okanye ezinye kumacandelo abo.