Uphi iLake Baikal? Kuphi ukuphumla kwiLake Baikal? Ubunzulu beBaikal

Iyintoni - iLake Baikal? Uphi na? Ngokuqinisekileyo abaninzi abahambi babuza lo mbuzo, bezama ukuxubha ulwazi lwabo lwesikolo. I-Baikal ithathwa njengelitye elona nzulu. Lo ngumthombo omkhulu kunamanzi amnandi kwiplanethi. Ngobudala, ubunzulu kunye neendawo zokugcina amanzi aphuzayo, akakwazi nje ukukhuphisana.
Ngoko, Baikal! Imithetho yakhiwe ngaye njengelitye elisongelayo. Iindwendwe ezahlukahlukeneyo zinikezelwa kwigumbi elidumileyo: "Iso lesibhakabhaka laseSiberia", "isipho esingcwele sendalo", "umthombo wehlabathi wamanzi okusela".

Baikal. Uphi ikhefu?

I-echibi liseningizimu ye-Eastern Siberia. Lo umda kumda we-Irkutsk kunye neBuryatia kwilizwekazi laseAsia. Ngoku ukhumbula apho iLake iBaikal? Ifoto yesitye esidumileyo iya kunceda wonke umntu ukuba acinge ngobuhle beSiberia. Oososayensi babhale indawo yamanzi eLake Baikal - iikhilomitha ezingama-722 eziqhelekileyo. Eli nani linokulinganiswa nommandla waseBelgium okanye eNetherlands. Ububanzi bendawo engamangalisa iikhilomitha eziyi-79. Ubude beLake iBhaikal buyiikhilomitha ezingama-620. Ukusuka kwimbono yeentaka, ilitye libukeka njengeqhekeza elikhulu. I-Baikal yichibi elona nzulu. Ngokutsho kophando lwezenzululwazi, ubunzulu balo bunzulu buyi-1642 kumitha.

Inyaniso enomdla malunga neLake Baikal

Akukho mntu unokuphendula ngokuchanekileyo umbuzo othiwaphi igama elithi Baikal. Esi sifundo siye sazinikela kwimisebenzi eminingi yesayensi kunye neencwadi zokubhala. Kodwa akukho nzululwazi onokuveza ubungqina benkcazo ngokubhekiselele kumbono omnye.

Lapho iBaikal ikhona khona, kukho iinkolelo kunye neengcamango. Kwixesha elidlulileyo, abantu abahlala kufuphi neBaikal, ngendlela yabo, bayibiza ngelwandle: "iqula elikhulu" okanye "amanzi atyebi". Ukuba sicinga iminyaka yobudala, ngoko, ngokucwaninga kwezesayensi, iBaikal yasungulwa iminyaka engaphezu kwezigidi ezingama-20 edlulileyo.

Ngokuqhelekileyo amachibi e-glacial ahlala malunga neminyaka eyi-15 leminyaka, aze aphele ngokukhawuleza ebusweni bomhlaba. Nangona kunjalo, iBaikal ayibonisi nayiphi na impawu yokuguga. Ukuqwalasela uphando lwangoku, i-geophysicists icebise ukuba iBaikal inokuba yinto yolwandle.

Okunye

Umgodi waseBaikal uyabonwa njengendawo yokugcina ehlambulukileyo yamanzi okusela kwiplanethi. Ichibi lihlambulukile kwaye licebile oksijini. Iingcali zikholelwa ukuba la manzi asondele kwi-distilled properties. Amanzi aseBaikal kwangaphambili asetyenziselwa unyango. Kukho iintlobo ezahlukeneyo zokuphila kwiLake Baikal. Le ntlanzi: i-omul eyaziwayo, i-whitefish, intsapho ye-perches kunye ne-salmon. Ngubani ovela kwilizwe lezilwanyana aphinde afunyanwe kwindawo apho i-lake ikhona khona. Baikal?

Kulo manxweme kukho izilwanyana zeBhaikal eziphilayo, iinqanawa ezinkulu. Maxa wambi iibhere ezibomvu ziphuma ehlathini. Iingcali zenzululwazi zineentlobo ezi-847 zezilwanyana zasendle kunye neentlobo ezili-133 zezityalo ezahlukahlukeneyo ngokwemeko yeLake Baikal.

Ngenxa yokuhlukahlukana, inani elikhulayo labakhenkethi liza kule ndawo emangalisayo ukuphefumula ngomoya ophefumulayo we-Baikal oksijini. Kunyaka ngamnye ukuphuhliswa okukhulu kwezibonelelo kusetyenziswa eLwandle lwaseBaikal. Oku kukhuthaza wonke umntu oye watyelela apha ukutyelela indawo yokuzonwabisa ecetywayo ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Iindawo ezinomdla kunye nezinto zokuzonwabisa

Uhlala phi eBhaikal? Ukuqwalaselwa kweendwendwe kunikezelwa ngamahotele ahlukeneyo, ii-sanatoriums, abaqhubi bezotyelelo. Zonke iimeko zenziwe ukuba uhambo luphucule impilo yakhe yokomoya kunye nempilo. Kwiminyaka emininzi imithombo yamathala kunye nodaka waseGoryachinskiy, iZmeeva, kunye neKhasi ziyaziwayo ngenxa yezilwanyana zonyango.

Yonke le mithombo yendalo iyincedo kumntu ekwenzeni unyango lwegazi, inkqubo yesantya kunye nezifo zesikhumba. Umthombo ogqithiseleyo yiSyake Bay. Nangona kukho ilungiselelo eliphantsi, inani labafikelele apha liye landa.

U-Baikal uyakwazi ukukrazula umntu kwimpucuko eqhelekileyo, ukuxhamla ngemimandla kunye nokuzalisa amandla okuphila! Ewe, ukuba ufike kuBaikal kanye, akunakwenzeka ukufunda yonke inkcubeko yendawo kunye nezinto zokuBuryatia. Ukuqala, sebenzisa iinkonzo zezikhokelo okanye ucwangcise ukuhamba kwangaphambili.

Cinga ngezinto oza kuhamba ngazo: ngebhayisekile, imoto okanye i-ATV? Kwaye ukuba ugibele umhle, ke ihashe yinkwenkwe efanelekileyo kwiindlela ezinjalo. Ukuba umbuzo uvela malunga naliphi ixesha lonyaka elincinci ukuphumla eBaikal, ngoko kuyimfuneko ukuhamba ngoSeptemba. Kwakuye ngeli thuba amaxabiso kwii-sanatoriums kunye neenkonzo zabaqhubi bezotyelelo bancitshiswa kakhulu.

Baikal. Uphi na indawo enokubangela uvuyo phakathi kwabantu besilisa? Le yindawo yokuloba! Olu lonwabo luyolonwabo kubo bonke abalandeli besifundo esinomdla. Kwintsimi yeLake Baikal, kukho ithuba elihle lokuvumela wonke umntu ukuba abonise izakhono zokuloba. Iindawo ezithandwa kakhulu kule ndawo yi- Chivyrkuisky Bay, uLwandle oluNcinane , iGulf of Proval kunye neLake Baikal ngokwayo.

Kule mimandla yamanzi kukho ubuninzi beentlanzi, kodwa ukusibamba akuyona into elula. Abanye abakhenketho kufuneka batyelele kwiinkonzo zabaqeqeshi. Kodwa kulungile!

Kufanelekile ukuqhuba - kwaye uya kubanjwa! Uninzi mhlawumbi, bahlobo, uhlaziya iifoto kwesi sihloko, uya kubuza: "Uphi na?" Emva kwekhefu, mhlawumbi uya kunika impendulo ephakamileyo: "Kuphi na iLake Baikal!"

Ukuloba kwezobusika kuneenzuzo zayo. Akunakuxhamla kunene kwixesha elifudumeleyo: abantu abambalwa, ngoko-uxolo kunye nenkululeko yenkululeko.

Iingcebiso

Phumla echwebeni elidumile iBaikal lihluke kakhulu. Ukuba uphupha ngokubhukuda, ukuloba kwehlobo kunye nezinye izinto zokuzonwabisa ngexesha lokutshisa, kubaluleke kakhulu ukuya kwiholide ngoJulayi-Agasti. Ekuqaleni kwehlobo, uLwandle lwaseBaikal lusabanda kwaye amanzi apheli. Kwaye kwindawo esenyakatho yamanzi kukho i-floating ice floating. Ukuphela kuka-Agasti kunokubangela ukugqithiswa kwabahambi ngeemimoya ezinomdla. Amanzi axutywa ngeli xesha, kwaye ukushisa kwalo kuyahla. Kodwa kulabo bahambayo abafuna ukuhlala bodwa kwindalo, ekwindla lixesha elimangalisayo lonyaka. Imifuno yonxweme yendawo ipeyibhile ngemibala eqaqambileyo, iphoqele umtyeleli ukuba alondoloze olu buhle kwisithombe.

Kuphi ukuphumla kwiLake Baikal?

Ukuba uyazi ukuba ulindele ntoni kulolu hambo, kuya kuba lula ukunquma indawo yokuphumla. Abo banqwenela ubuninzi bomntu, ukugquma komculo ohlukeneyo kunye nokugquma kwamatyeki, amanzi angasentshonalanga ye-Olkhon Island, iPaschanaya Bay, unxweme loLwandle oluthile, unxweme ukusuka kwidolophana yaseBaikal ukuya kwisixeko saseSeverobaikalsk, i-Circum-Baikal Railway iya kuhambelana.

I-Cruise kwiSitimela sase-Circum-Baikal - inketho yokuphumelela kweholide ekhangayo. Ngokuqhelekileyo uhambo luhamba ngeentsuku ezimbini ngesitimela. Kulo hambo, isikhokelo siza kuxela abahamba ngeendawo ezidumileyo zeLake Baikal. Kukho ukufutshane okufutshane kwiindawo eziphawulekayo. Ngoko ke, ukucinga ngendalo kulezi zindawo kunokwaneleyo.

Iindawo apho iBaikal itholakala khona kunika wonke umntu ofuna ukuthuthuzelwa kweziseko zethenketho kunye neesatatori zaseSouth Baikal (Utulik, Elektra, Angara nabanye). Oku kufuneka kusindise iholidemaker kwimibandela malunga nokuba uhlala phi eLake Baikal. Ulwandle oluncinci luhlala lucacile, kwaye indawo yokuhlala apha inokwenzeka kwiyurt kwizinga elithengiweyo. Isiqithi saseOlkhon sisekude. Unokufika kuyo kuphela ngeenyawo okanye ngamanzi. Le ndawo yindawo yokuzilibazisa kakhulu kulabo banokukhathala kweso sixeko.

Unokwenza utyeshe ixesha lakho kwisithenxo esiphezulu ngokuthatha inxaxheba kwinqanawa okanye kwinqanawa. Ngale ndlela unokutyelela ulwandle oluseLake Baikal. Kukho iindlela zokuhamba ngeqela. Ziyabonakala ukuba abavakhenkethi banokutyelela iinkalo ezingavamile zommandla waseBaikal.

Ukuba umhenkethi unomnqweno wokusebenzisa ukuphumla ukuze abuyisele impilo yempilo, unokungena kwiinkonzo ezishisayo kumntla welibi. Abahambi abakhutheleyo abanomdla baya kubona ukuhamba kweenyawo kunye nokuhamba kwehashe, kwakunye neengqungquthela ezinomdla kwimilambo yeentaba. Iifoto zokuzonwabisa zasebusika zingahlela ukuhamba kwi-ice rink yaseLake Baikal, ukukhwela kwiinqwelo ezikhethiweyo ze-snowmobiles okanye kwi-dog sleds. Kubalandeli beentaba ze-mountain kusuka ngoDisemba ukuya kuMeyi, isiseko sezotyelelo "iSobolinaya Intaba" siyasebenza.

Phumla kwiBaikal ngorhwebo

Xa kungcono ukuba uphumle eBaikal? Yaye njani? Ukuphumla kokuphumla - inkululeko enothando. Kwabo bathanda i-adventure, iLake Baikal uyifumana ngokwenene! Indawo efanelekileyo kakhulu yeso sihlandlo iPaschanaya Bay. Kuphela nje uhenketho wangempela uvakalelwa ngokuhlukileyo ngokupheleleyo kwimpucuko - akukho nxi be lelwano, iindlela.

Ngama-yachts kuphela abahwebi bamashishini kunye nomkhumbi "uBarzinzin" baya apha, besuka kwi-dock yase-Irkutsk. Kuba iindwendwe zibonelelwa ngezindlu ezincinci okanye iintente. Kule siqithi sisiqhelo esicacileyo. Uyakumema ukuba abavakhenkethi baqaphele ngokuqinisekileyo, baxinzelele ukuba babuyele apha ngokuphindaphindiweyo.

Kuzo iinkonzo zabahambi abanonophelo yiziko lezokhenketho, elinokunikela ngeendlela zokuthakazelisa. Kuphi ukuphumla kwi-Baikal? Isiqithi esihle kakhulu se-Olkhon silungele ukufumana umhambi! Unako ukumthabatha umntu ngamnye ngokuvisisana kwamahlathi kunye nama-steppes. U-Olkhon uyilungelo lokuloba elingenakulilibaleka kunye nemvakalelo eninzi.

Ilanga elimangalisa

Esi siqithi sinomdla njengendawo yama-shamans. Kukho iingcamango ezikwisiqithi saseOlkhon ngcwaba likaGenghis Khan. Abanye abemi bahlala benqula imimoya ngexesha lethu. Ixesha elidala liyakwazi ukuxelela abaninzi abantu malunga ne-Shaman-rock.

Kugqwesileyo kweLake Baikal. Abaphandi balo mbandela bathi kwixesha elidala ama-Buryats alethwe edwaleni inani elikhulu lemibingelelo. Kukho iingcamango ezininzi kulo mbandela. Omnye wabo uthi u-Ezhin ungumnikazi wesiqithi kwi-cliff-cliff. Kuze kube ngoku, abantu basekuhlaleni baye bahlonipha le ndawo.

Phakathi kwabakhenkethi balapho bambalwa abahlala bekulungele ukuya kwiintaba zeShaman. Ngokweenkolelo ezidumileyo, le ndawo inikwe amandla okhethekileyo. Iifoto zihamba kwimemori yabaqeqeshi imidwebo yamadayimani e-shamanic, eqoshwe ngxondorha ngabantu basendulo. Ngelishwa, le mifanekiso icatshulwa ngokukhawuleza ngenxa yokuphazamiseka kwesandla somntu ngenzame yokukhangela i-marble.

Iimbonakalo zase-Irkutsk

Kwizo ndawo apho uLwandle lwaseBaikal lukhona, isixeko sase-Irkutsk sisona singakhange sifunde kwaye sithatyathwa kwihlabathi lezokhenketho. Abantu abaninzi baseRussia baneengcinga ezingacacanga malunga nale ndawo yokuphumla. Usizi!

Abakhenkethi bezinye iintlanga abanomdla ongenakunqwenela ukuhlola izilwanyana zase-Irkutsk. Emva koko, yindawo yokugcina yemisebenzi yendalo kunye nemisebenzi eyenziwe ngumntu. Abaqulunqi bezakhiwo zokuziqhayisa bayavuya xa beya kwiChurch Cross.

Emva koko, isakhiwo sawo sodwa: izicingo zecawa kunye neziphambano zenziwa ngokwemizekelo yamandulo yomsebenzi wesikhombi. Omnye ummandla owaziwayo wase-Irkutsk yi-Taltsy yendalo kunye ne-museum ethnographic. Kuphantsi kwezulu esibhakabhakeni kwaye igcina ubugcisa bobugcisa!

Ukufika apha, abakhenkethi banokubukela iholide zeOrthodox: ebusika - iKrisimesi kunye nePancake iveki, ehlobo-uZiqu zintathu. Ngenkathi yebusika, abahlali base-Irkutsk bakha iidolophu ezikhethiweyo, bakhwela kwiintaba zeqhwa kwiikhumba zeenkomo! Vumelana ukuba eli liholide elilibalekileyo linganika bonke abahambi ukuzonwabisa ngokwenene.

Emva kwemithendeleko enjalo, unokonwabela kakhulu izitya ezitshisa zaseRashiya: ii-pancake ezishisayo, inyama ye-goulash, i-pel'ne pel'menis! Ngaloo nto, wonke umntu unokukwazi ukutya izitya zaseJapan kunye nezamaTshayina kwiitishi zeefestile, imivalo kunye neevenkile kwixabiso elifanelekileyo.

Ikhefu elidlulileyo

Ngoko, uze eBaikal! Uphi na indawo eya kunika umqhubi? Yintoni enye eya kuyinqoba le ntsimi eyaziwayo yeholidemaker? U-Baikal unako ukubonelela umhambi ngeendlela ezigqithiseleyo zokuzonwabisa, ezinokubangela ukuba akhetheke ngokukhethekileyo kwemvakalelo kunye ne-adrenaline. Oku kubaluleke kakhulu ngumbutho onamandla osebenza kwimilambo yeentaba ze-Baikal Territory. Okuphawulekayo kukuba uhambo lwamanzi ngolo hlobo lokuba emva kokunyuka okungafani nalolu hlobo lokuphumla, utyelelo alusekho.

Omnye kufuneka okungenani abone i-wild nature ye-taiga yaseSiberia, ehlasele emlanjeni oqhwithiyo kunye neqela labahlobo. Ukukhunjulwa kokuvuya kwephulo elinjalo kuya kuhamba neminyaka emininzi. Ngoko, makhe sikhumbule ukuba imilambo yeentaba ivela kummandla ophezulu weentaba. Imibhede yomlambo yamanzi igxotha ukusuka apho ukuya kwiindawo ezinxweme kunye namathafa. Ngenxa yokungafani okubukhali kwiindawo eziphakamileyo, ijubane langoku lemilambo yeentaba lisuka kwii-25 ukuya kwi-30 ikhilomitha ngeyure. Inani leemingcipheko ezidibeneyo kunye nomendo wangoku (iitonga, iimvula zamanzi) zichonga uluhlu lwenzuliso yamanzi.

Udidi lokuqala luquka amanzi okuzola, okwesithandathu - izithintelo zamanzi kunye namapayipi, afinyelela kwiimitha ezili-15. Abakhenkethi banokuluyisa loo milambo yeentaba kwiingqungquthela. Le yinqanawa ethandwa kakhulu yolu hlobo lonwabo lokuzonwabisa. Imele isikebhe esithintekayo. Umzantsi wayo unemingxuma yokucoca amanzi angena kwisikhephe.

Ukususela kwiinqanawa eziqhelekileyo ezihamba nge-inflatable, i-raft iboniswa yinto yokuba isakhiwo sayo siqiniswa ngesigxina esinamandla, iinqwelo ezikhethekileyo ezinyaweni zabahambi kunye nezilinda ezimbini. I-Raft isetyenziselwa ukudlula izithintelo zamanzi ze-1-5.

Ukufumana iimvakalelo ezinzima ngexesha lokudlula umlambo wamanzi, abakhenkethi basebenzisa i-catamaran. Le mibini ibhaluni ene-inflatable eyenziwe yinkcazelo enamandla kakhulu, edibaniswa ngoluhlu lwe-aluminium. I-catamaran emanzini igxininise kwaye inika iimvakalelo ezinamandla kunokuba i-raft.

Ukulawula i-catamaran, kufuneka kwenziwe amanyathelo afanelekileyo. Ngokuqhelekileyo ihlala kubantu aba-2-4. Kwiimeko ezinjalo, kunokwenzeka ukugqithisa izithintelo zamanzi ukusuka kwi-1 ukuya kwe-6 kwinqanaba elincomekayo.

Ukuba uzibuza umbuzo wendawo yokuya e-Baikal, ngoko kuyakufanelekela ukuhamba ukuya phezulu kweNtaba ye-Munchu - iSardyk. Uhambo olunjalo lungaba libala, kuba le ndawo ithathwa njengeyona ndawo ephezulu eMpuma yeSiberia. Abavakhenkethi abafikelele kwi-snow-white peak baya kuba neembono ezintle zamachibi atyhidiweyo phantsi kweqhwa. Ngaloo mzuzu uhlobo lweLake Baikal luya kubonakala lungalindelekanga! Ixesha elihle lokuzonwabisa oluhle ngo-Ephreli noMeyi.

Abakhenkethi, abaye bavakashela iBaikal ngaphezu kweyodwa, qaphela ukuba, mhlawumbi, oqalayo uya kutshintsha olu hambo. Imfihlelo yale ndawo yaseSiberia ingathintela imicu yomphefumlo emfihlakeleyo yomntu, ivuselele kuye ingqondo yesiqhelo kunye nokuvisisana.