Umyalelo wokwenza umthwalo yezolawulo. Ithuba kokuthintelwa ngenxa uxanduva lolawulo

Umbuzo malunga namatyala zolawulo kunye noxanduva kubo, kungxamisekile kakhulu, hayi kuphela inxalenye isicelo kumaqumrhu ezomthetho namagosa, kodwa abemi abaqhelekileyo. Ukucengceleza umzekelo into yokuba ngoku phantse wonke umntu na umnini-moto, yaye ngenxa yokuba kukho inani elikhulu lolawulo ukwaphulwa lijongene ngokukhethekileyo ukuthobela imithetho yendlela endleleni.

Esi sesinye sezizathu zokuba kufuneka sinikele ingqalelo umbuzo wokuba yintoni uxanduva kwaye yintoni izohlwayo zolawulo ukuba waphula imiqathango yoMthetho Code Administrative. Njengoko usazi, nalwazi womthetho akukho sizathu. uxanduva Civil and administrative - yinto ngalo sijamelene phantse yonke imihla. ingqalelo ekhethekileyo kufuneka ihlawulwe ingqiqo njengoko amayeza yoxanduva lolawulo enjalo, ixesha bekusoloko wadlala indima ebalulekileyo kwaye ngamanye amaxesha izigqibo.

Ingcamango uxanduva lolawulo kunye neempawu zayo main

Ngaphambi kokuba uthethe ebekiweyo procedural, izohlwayo kunye nezinye ukwayo kuyimfuneko ukuqonda undoqo yoxanduva lolawulo. Ihlala into yokuba abasemagunyeni okanye amagosa izohlwayo zolawulo nxamnye umntu owaphule umthetho. Kuye iimpawu uphawu sezomthetho xa lilonke. Kodwa, ukongeza, abazizisa iimpawu ezithile, ezizodwa:

1. Umyalelo wokwenza ukuba uxanduva yolawulo, njengoko umthetho, kuba inkoliso uye uhlobo ezingezizo ezenkundla, oko kukuthi isohlwayo oqeshwe ngabantu abahlala izikhundla kumaqumrhu karhulumente lesebe yesigqeba kaRhulumente.
2. mthetho kohlwaywa amagosa amisiweyo, ngubani na subordinated. Oku kwahlukile kuxanduva yolawulo oluleko. Ukususela ngexesha lokugqibela isela idla ibekwe ngqo phantsi kwesitya lwaseburhulumenteni umisela ukwayo.
3. Ukuzisa umthwalo yezolawulo oko kukhokelela enetyala zomntu kugqitywe isenzo okungalunganga.
4. Olona phawu ebalulekileyo kukuba ukuze inxaxheba abantu nje kuphela, kodwa zomthetho.
5. Ukuzisa umthwalo kwezolawulo izenzo kuqhubeka, ezo ke ingozi nje ulwaphulo-mthetho. Umzekelo, namatyala beshibe kwi imigaqo yococeko kunye kwezifo ezinxulumene kwimpilo-ntle yabantu kunye impilo yawo, kwakunye endle zokhuseleko ezindleleni endleleni, ulwakhiwo, njl Ngoko ke, isohlwayo esiqatha ngaphantsi amatyala olwaphulo-mthetho.
6. Umisela uxanduva yolawulo Code zoLawulo kunye Federal noMthetho zifundo Russian Federation, ezo kuthathwa ngokungqinelana nayo.

ityala Administrative: ntoni na?

umthetho lolawulo uxanduva lolawulo - ezi izinto ezimbini zihlobene. Eyokuqala isoloko sisiseko owesibini, kwaye ikhokelela ekhubekisayo yakhe. Kule ncwadi lwezenzululwazi mthetho lolawulo ukuqonda intshukumo (ukusonga izandla ngaphandle kwenjongo) of amaqumrhu asemthethweni kunye nabantu, akukho mthethweni nokuba Code of the Russian Federation okanye imithetho kudlula izifundo zayo, umisela uxanduva lolawulo.

Njengoko yaziwa, intshukumo kunye yokungenzi - kukho amacala amabini isenzo okungalunganga. Phantsi lokuqala libhekisa ukuxhatshazwa esebenzayo Nakukubona norm esekwe okanye engagqibekanga naziphi na iimvumelwano emiselwe ngumthetho kwi iimfuno Russian Federation. Umphathi uphakamisa ukungakhathali, ukungaphumeleli ukuthobela imisebenzi ebekwe kwi-mntu.

Hi xikombiso, le meko zilandelayo: umbutho okanye entrepreneur umntu uvula i-akhawunti yebhanki. Kodwa ke oko akuthethi ukubonisa ubungqina ubhaliso kunye kwiofisi yerhafu. Oku kukwaphula umthetho ligosa ebhankini, ngokuxhomekeka impahla loLawulo Code of the Russian Federation (15.7).

Iimpawu izenzo zolawulo mthethweni

Total wahlulwe iimpawu ezintathu:

• wrongfulness somthetho, apho ukuthini ngolwaphulo olusisinyanzelo nawuphi na umthetho;
• ityala, lo msebenzi osemqoka ibandakanya ubukho ngabom okanye ngokungenankathalo xa esenza isenzo mthethweni; Kwimeko yokuqala, umntu uyayazi kwaye uyaziqonda uhlobo yezenzo zakhe echasene nomthetho kwaye iqala uhlaselo nemiphumo eyingozi kwaye ndinqwenela okanye ngabom avumele okanye kunxulumene kwenzeka ntoni ukuba ungayinonophela (umzekelo, umqhubi isebenza ukukhanya ebomvu); kwimeko yokungakhathali, loo mntu uyazi ithuba lweziqhamo eyingozi ngokwentlalo, kodwa amathemba benendelelo yaye abakhukhumeleyo ngenxa nokuthintela kwabo; Injongo inokuba ngqo okanye engathanga ngqo, kulo mzekelo osisiseko kwimeko yokuqala - oko kujikwa kwemali evela mali;
• isenzo isigwebo amanga neqiniso ukuba isenzo okungalunganga sinikiwe safakelwa imithetho kwezifundo ze Russia okanye loLawulo Code of uxanduva lolawulo.

umthetho Administrative

Eli gama libhekisela ukuhlanganiswa izinto zimi phambi luphawu isenzo ethile njengento mthetho. Noxanduva lolawulo kuba walungiselela Code Administrative. Iziphindwa eziqalelo abasemthethweni enezinto zayo. Ezi ziquka:

1. Into - njalo ke unxibelelwano noluntu, ulawulwa kuphela ngolawulo lomthetho, hayi kuphela zolawulo, kodwa esingqongileyo, ezezimali, irhafu, abasebenzi, umhlaba kunye namanye amashishini, imfanelo kwezolawulo ukunyhashwa.
2. Icala njongo ichazwe kwinkqubo kwemiqondiso ezibonelelwa yi ngokwemigaqo yomthetho ezibonakalisa nokubonakaliswa yangaphandle izono (isenzo okanye yokungenzi uze kufike nemiphumo eyingozi). Umzekelo, lunyhasho imithetho yendlela ngumqhubi ukuze luboniswe kwizenzo ezahlukeneyo: ngesantya esiphezulu, likufikela; owalela ukuba idlule ukukhanya elibomvu, njl Kulo mzekelo, imiphumo kunokuba yingozi eluntwini, umzekelo, ukuyilwa likaxakeka endleleni, eyenziwe kwingozi yemoto, ingozi abanye abaqhubi.
3. Isifundo - elisemthethweni okanye umntu wemvelo ukuba engqondweni kwaye sele ifikelele kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu. Ivela kule yobudala uvumelekile ukuba ukutsala umntu umthwalo yezolawulo. Esifundo kuba jikelele (nawuphi na umntu) okanye ezikhethekileyo, umzekelo, umqhubi, amagosa kunye ezikhethekileyo - namajoni. Kwiindidi ezahlukahlukeneyo element lwamatyala kubonelelwa ukwayo ezahlukeneyo ukuze inqaku elinye Code of the Russian Federation. imeko Military ngumzekelo ngqo, kwiimeko ezininzi uxanduva lolawulo abekho qho eqhelekileyo.
4. Umba ayinyani olwahlula imbono umntu ukuba wenza isenzo okungalunganga kunye neziphumo zawo. A phawu olusisinyanzelo ukwakhiwa i element - kuba phambi amadlala, nto leyo inokuba ngohlobo ngenjongo okanye ukungakhathali. imixube ezahlukeneyo lwamatyala yolawulo luphawulwa iimpawu ISP icala luluvo, ezi ziquka isizathu kunye nenjongo. Phantsi kwikota yokuqala oko kuthetha ukuba siqhuba umntu ukuba enze umthetho. Eyona njongo - oku umbono wakhe lokuphela oko akufunayo, yena aspired.

ubume iziqalelo ze mthethweni yenza okufanayo kungakhathaliseki ukuba uhlobo uxanduva (yolawulo okanye mthetho) sibonelelwe.

Ingqiqo kunye ezahlukeneyo izohlwayo zolawulo

Phantsi isohlwayo lwezolawulo bayiqonde umlinganiselo uxanduva, nto leyo ebekwe nguRhulumente, kuba enetyala ezimiselwe kwi-Code Administrative yasetyenziswa ukuze kuthintelwe olunye ukwaphulwa.

Okwangoku, soLawulo Code of the Russian Federation ngabo izohlwayo ezifana:

• kuthintelo, ngamanye amazwi, lokululeka ngokusesikweni, Baya kuma ebhaliweyo;
• isohlwayo solawulo (umlinganiselo ixhaphakileyo, okwaye kwabonelela uninzi impahla loLawulo Code of the Russian Federation kunye, njengoko ibonisa yokusebenza, ngempumelelo kakhulu);
• nokuhlutha (athimbe babuyekezwe) iyasebenza into betyala;
• nokungalali amalungelo, nto leyo eye ngokukhethekileyo ezinikwa abantu;
• ukubanjwa solawulo;
• ukugxothwa ummi langaphandle okanye umntu ngaphandle ngabemi evela Federation Russian;
• ukungafaneleki;
• kumiswa olawulo umsebenzi.

Ukuqeshwa ezininzi yezi izohlwayo - na ulawulo lwe kwabagwebi.

Iingcebiso bethwele uxanduva lolawulo

Le Mboniselo inikezela imithetho ekhaya, iphethe isigqibo phezu ukunyhashwa zolawulo, apho unikwa isithuba esingadlulanga kwiinyanga ezimbini, uphumayo mzuzu umsebenzi wayo. Le nkqubo jikelele lokuzisa umthwalo yezolawulo. Kodwa ke, njengokuba usazi, kukho iimeko bonke ubulawuli, zibalwa kwi-Code of Offences boLawulo, inxalenye yokuqala yeSiqendu 4.5. Umzekelo, yaphula imithetho copyright kunye namalungelo ezinxulumene, amanzi olwandle lwangaphakathi lommandla yezoqoqosho kunye namanye, ubude bethwele uxanduva lolawulo kubo esingangonyaka omnye.

Xa Code Administrative kuvunyelwa icala elinye kuphela apho eli thuba inganqunyanyiswa. Le imeko apho umntu, imveliso kwenziwa apho, ofaka isicelo (ngencwadi ebhaliweyo) ukuva ityala ngqo kwindawo yakhe ahlala kuyo kunye nabasemagunyeni bolu umdlalo wakhe. Igama elithi iya umisiwe mzuzu xa isigqibo ngoxwebhu lwezikhalazo nangaso phambi kwexesha ekufumaneni izinto zeli tyala ngu Malamlela, igosa eligunyazisiweyo ukuba siqwalasele izinto. Ngoko, ixesha ekudluliseni maxwebhu engafakwanga uxanduva lolawulo ukulinganiselwa

Ukukhululwa ebutyaleni yolawulo

Le meko kungenzeka kwiimeko ezintathu:

1. Akalutho isenzo - omnye wemiba ephambili zokurhoxa yoxanduva lolawulo. Zithathelwa iimpawu ngenxa kwicala luluvo kunye njongo iphumezeke, onciphisayo kunye neemeko inkunzi. Lo mbuzo ujolisa igunya elisemthethweni okanye ijaji oye wagunyaziswa ukuba ukuva ityala. Zingakotshwa yathetha ngendlela ngomlomo, apho iBhayibhile ithetha osemthethweni.
2. Le ndlela yesibini - kukuba ukubuyisela olunye uhlobo isohlwayo, umzekelo, uxanduva oluleko.
3. Ezinye izizathu. Ngokukodwa, ukuba ukwaphulwa komthetho okwenzeke ngumntu phakathi kweminyaka elishumi elinesithandathu kwaye ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka elishumi isininzi, ikomiti ekhethekileyo ukuze yenze isigqibo malunga ukukhululwa uxanduva lolawulo babhenele amanyathelo zempembelelo ezinikezelwa yi-mthetho federal ukukhusela amalungelo abantwana.

Umyalelo wokwenza ukuba uxanduva lolawulo: esikiweyo zokwenziwayo

Umba ngokwemigaqo yenkqubo sibaluleke kakhulu kunye nokubaluleka. Azi yale kwaye kufuneka kukhunjulwe wonke ummi, kwakunye nexesha kokuthintelwa ngenxa uxanduva lolawulo, ngokungakumbi kumanqaku kubomi loLawulo Code of the Russian Federation abajongene phantse bonke.

Into yokuqala ekufuneka uyazi - kwisithuba ingxelo ezintathu iintsuku, sibhalwe kwi ityala yezolawulo, kufuneka idluliselwe kumntu okanye iqumrhu ogunyaziswe ukuba kubekeleni iintliziyo zenu oku, njengoko kuchaziwe kwi-Code of Amatyala koLawulo (st.28.8). Ukuba bafumana naziphi na iimpazamo, ukupheliswa kwabo unikwa ithuba elingaphezu kweeyure ezingama-72.

Emva kokuqwalasela wenze isigqibo. Ngosuku loviwo ityala enikwa ngurhulumente ukuya kwiinyanga ezi-2, ijaji - ezintathu. Isigqibo uya kwaziswa ngoko nangoko.

enyanzelekileyo yakhe yamthumela ukuba umntu arhola ingxelo, zingadlulanga iintsuku ezintathu ukususela kumhla kunikezelo.

Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba isigqibo lokuwisa isohlwayo solawulo singenziwa ukuba oko kwenziwa iminyaka emibini.

Isibheno esichasa isigqibo enetyala yolawulo

qho, ngakumbi kwimibandela enxulumene imithetho yendlela kunye nokuhlukunyezwa yayo, umyalelo wenkundla uya isibheno. Ukuba ekhutshwe ngu Malamlela, isikhalazo kufuneka ibhalwe kwinkundla ephakamileyo. Ibonisa idatha epheleleyo (igama, idilesi yobhaliso nokuhlala kanye, inombolo yefowuni). Okulandelayo, chaza imeko, ucacisa iinkcukacha izizathu ndingavumelani isigqibo ebhekisela Art. 30.1-30.8 kuLawulo Code cela ukuba ukurhoxisa. Isikhalazo kufuneka sikhatshwe bubungqina ukuxhasa zonke iimeko ezichazwe. Umhla - iintsuku ezilishumi. Ukuba awukho, ukuba kunokwenzeka, kunye isizathu (ukugula, imeko enzima) ubhale isicelo ukubuyiselwa kwalo. Esi sicelo kufuneka kuqwalaselwa kwisithuba seentsuku ezili-10.

amaqumrhu asemthethweni kunye nabantu kwisikhundla saseburhulumenteni: bethwele uxanduva lolawulo

Umyalelo wokwenza ukuba uxanduva yolawulo ilawulwa yi-Code Administrative, imithetho ezimisela inani elikhulu kakhulu amatyala kunye noxanduva ngokuzinikela kwabo, nto leyo ke luxanduva amaqumrhu asemthethweni. Xa ibinzana zemathematika, eli nani 58% xa kuthelekiswa nenani lilonke lamanqaku ka Part Special zaloMgaqo Administrative. Ukuzisa umthwalo yolawulo kungakhokelela Ukuwiswa kwezohlwayo ukuba uyakwazi ukufikelela kakhulu imali umxhelo, kokuthathwa izixhobo, apho ukuhlukunyezwa yenzekile, ukunqunyanyiswa kangangeentsuku ukuya ku 90 msebenzi. Code yolawulo uthi iqumrhu uya kufunyanwa enetyala lokwaphula umthetho yolawulo ukuba kufunyaniswe ukuba iye yakwazi ukuthobela imithetho imithetho nemimiselo, kodwa ziye onke amanyathelo ukuba umiliselo kunye nokuthobela.

Ukongeza, uxanduva lolawulo kwamagosa kuphawulwe kuwiso-mthetho, nokutsala oluqhutywa xa ityala ngokunxulumene nokwenziwa engafanelekanga okanye ukusilela ukwenza umsebenzi. Phantsi amagosa zichazwa njengabantu agunyaziswa urhulumente ukuba enze umsebenzi amagunya (ngokusisigxina okanye okwethutyana). Kwakhona, ngokomthetho, abangabemi abo benza kumsebenzi loosomashishini, kodwa elingabhaliswanga ngolo iqumrhu elisemthethweni. Amatyala zolawulo kunye noxanduva olawulo amagosa enikiweyo ngaphezu 2/3 lamanqaku kweKhowudi koLawulo (inxalenye ezizodwa).