Inqaku 152 soMgaqo-Code Criminal akukho azisasebenzi

Kudla utshintsho ezahlukeneyo ezenziwe kuwiso-mthetho, kuba ubomi bethu uya kuma ngxi. izenzo eziyingozi izolo namhlanje baye balahlekelwa ubume bazo, okanye watshintshela kwezinye iindidi, kwaye endaweni zabo ezintsha.

Ngoko ke, umzekelo, kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele utshintsho kwi-Code Criminal, oko kukuthi, umxholo wenqaku kuba 152 soMgaqo-Criminal Code, leyo baphelelwe ngamandla ngo-2003. Ngendlela, xa kuthelekiswa Code yoLwaphulo ngo-2003, kwenziwa izilungiso ngokomthetho okhoyo yinto eninzi.

Oko Kuthenjwa ngaphambili

EBandakanya wonke uMfundi, 2003 inqaku 152 soMgaqo-Code Criminal kuquka inkcazelo mthetho obujoliswe ebantwaneni. Yayithetha yokurhweba abantwana kunye neemeko ezahlukeneyo ngodlame (kubandakanywa ukufa, kwakunye nokusetyenziswa kwamalungu); kwamanye amazwe kuthetha phesheya mthethweni; ukuphunyezwa ngenjongo mthetho kwabo bantu eziliqela kunye neminye imisebenzi abantwana, ebandakanya ukuthengwa okanye ukuthengiswa yomntu, njengoko yorhwebo.

Okwangoku eli nqaku azisasebenzi, kungengenxa yokuba lulwaphulo wayeka ukuba yingozi ngokwentlalo, kodwa kuba ndatshintshelwa kwelinye inqaku - 127,1, obonelela ukurhweba abantu ngokubanzi. Lo mthetho uye wagqiba ukuba ayenzi ingqiqo ukwaba indawo okhethekileyo isenzo sele kuchaziwe Code Criminal. Ingakumbi ukuba lesohlwayo ngenxa nolwaphulo-mthetho olwenziwe umntwana ngokwayo i isiganeko eyenza mandundu apho izohlwayo ezifanelekileyo kufuneka lubonelelwe.

amanyathelo

Inqaku 152 CC RF eziqulethwe izohlwayo ngezenzo zabo, ngokuxhomekeke ukungabikho okanye ubukho inkunzi.

Ngokukodwa, ukuthengiswa abantwana kwangaphambili yaye oko kusisinyanzelo, kunye nomsebenzi ukulungisa ixesha elifutshane, kwakunye isithintelo kunye ukuhluthwa lokuhamba iminyaka emihlanu.

Phakathi kwiimeko ezizodwa, apho sandolatha umyinge we-152, P2, inqaku le-Code ezaphuli mawubhalwe phantsi apho, kwanabenzi bobubi abo nako, ndayihluthwa inkululeko kwithuba leminyaka emi-3 ukuya ku-10 (amanqaku a-g):

• isenzo kwakhona (kwesifo);
• kubantu ezininzi;
• iqela labantu;
• sebenzisa yemeko ezisemthethweni;
• nokususwa ngenkani abantwana (umntwana) amazwe;
• ikhomishini kwiintengiselwano kurhwebo ngenjongo yokubandakanya i engephi umsebenzi ngokwesondo ;
• Urhwebo ngabantwana ukuze asebenzise amalungu abo omzimba asuka kwabanye.

Ukufa nexhoba

Isahlulo sesithathu karhulumente (siye saxubusha kodwa walahlekelwa amandla inqaku 152 lomGaqo yoLwaphulo) eziqulethwe umqondiso kuphela, kwanabenzi bobubi abo entolongweni okanye omnye unetyala iminyaka ukuya ku-15 - ukufa umntwana. Kubalulekile ukuphawula ukuba kuphela ingqalelo ukufa ngokungenankathalo, kwakunye neminye imiphumo, umzekelo, ilahleko esisigxina lezempilo, njl

Oku kungenxa yokuba lulodwa obulalayo minor wasinika inqaku eyahlukileyo ngokupheleleyo. Ukongeza, le nxalenye iintlobo ezimbini Indawo tyala: ngenjongo ngqo kunye nefomu ngokungakhathali. Eyokuqala kukuba umoni uya ngabom ukwenzela ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa umntwana naziphi na iinjongo kwaye akafuni, umzekelo, imiphumo ezifana fa zothutho. Noko ke, yafa ixhoba, nto leyo ebonisa uhlobo Ozidelayo ityala umoni, njengoko wayengakwazi ukubona isiphumo sale siganeko. Noko ke, le ndlela, nangona ukuba umoni wayengafuni isigwebo sokufa xa sibona (kunye nobungqina) isenzo solwaphulo kufika kwiminyaka eli-15 yokuba kwindawo ekhuselekileyo.

umthetho elula

Ngaphandle ukuba intengiso abantwana namhlanje? Uyakwazi ukwenza uthelekiso: inqaku 152, njengenxalenye 2, i-Criminal Code (yaye inxalenye yokuqala) kunye 127,1, bubumenemene hayi nje kunye nezohlwayo, nangona nabo ibaluleke kakhulu, kwaye kukufakwa ukwenzeka inqaku lesibini kwindawo yokuqala.

Okokuqala kufanele kuqatshelwe ukuba ukurhweba kwabantwana (umntwana) enikwe okwangoku kwiSiqendu 127,1 ye-Code Criminal Part 2, indawo B. Kubonakala ukuba ngoku kubalulekile ukuba mthetho kunye noluntu kwindawo yokuqala, ukuba konke oku kwenzeka umntwana ngubani na yena na ukuzinceda, akakwazi ukuba ukubaleka, azikhusele ngokwasemzimbeni nasengqondweni, oko kukuthi ukwenza zonke izenzo ukuba omdala ofanelekileyo. Ngoko ke, njengoko abantwana abaninzi ngokungakhuselekanga kule ndlela, bantu kolu didi kufuneka nje kuphela kumagunya zentlalo kodwa ukusuka Code Criminal.

Ngako oko, lo mthetho kuphela oko akwenzileyo, ukuba ndibe ndithi ke malunga nomntu, intengiselwano ukulungiselela ukuthenga okanye ukuthengisa umntwana, kungakhathaliseki ukuba yintoni injongo, kunye nokuba kokuwela kunye neminye imiba mandundu ukuze kuqeshwa ukuba isohlwayo esiqatha.

Ukusetyenziswa amalungiselelo kwi inkonzo

Ukuba senzo lizinikele ngumntu ohlala kwindawo ethile naphi na likarhulumente okanye enye inkonzo, izohlwayo nxamnye naye ibekwe entolongweni isithuba ukuya kwiminyaka eli-15. Ukongeza, umoni ububandezwayo ithuba ukubamba naziphi kwizikhundla ngexesha elifanayo. Ngaphandle kunye nomqathango nenkululeko, kodwa yinto enye isigwebo, ukuze linokusetyenziswa Ngokwesigqibo sejaji ngokungqinelana ezikhoyo kunye nobungqina.

Inqaku le-152, iSahlulo. 2, ka izithintelo Code mthetho kwi inkonzo kunye zithuba bezinganyanzelwanga, kodwa sengqondo, kumhlathi D, umenzi wobubi kwezi zintlu zikhankanyiweyo.

Inqaku 127,1 kunokwenzeka ukuba uqaphele kwaye qaphela, nto leyo ithi umntu uye wenza ulwaphulo kukhululwa nobutyala kwiimeko ezithile (ngentsebenziswano namapolisa, ukukhululwa ngokuzithandela ixhoba kunye nabanye). Nangona kunjalo, oku kusebenza kuphela amaxhoba omdala-mthetho. Xa intengiso abantwana ingakumbi, kwaye ubukho ezinye iimpawu ezizodwa igunya ngokubanzi kuqwalaselwa.

I minimum and esiphezulu ixesha

Ukongeza, kuyenzeka ukuba uqaphele imida isohlwayo. Xa kuthelekiswa kuvela ukuba isenzo echaza Inqaku 152 soMgaqo-Code yoLwaphulo kwiSigaba 1, nje ekuphunyezweni intengiso umntwana, kungekhona umthwalo nayiphi na enye imeko bukhatshwa sisohlwayo, kwiminyaka ukuya ku-5 (kuphela ukuhluthwa kwenkululeko).

Kwindawo entsha ikwayile onetyala aniqeqeshwa ixesha leminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwi-10. Ngenxa yoko, siyabona ukuba qondo liphezulu iye ngakumbi, kuba akucaci ukuba uhlobo yengqondo (okanye ngokwasemzimbeni) umothuko okubangelwa izenzo zabo umntwana mthetho.

Inqaku le-152, njengenxalenye 2, lo Mthetho Criminal ubonelela iimeko ezahlukeneyo mandundu, nto leyo enokukhokelela izohlwayo ukusuka kwiminyaka emi-3 ukuya kwezili-10 entolongweni. Kwinqaku yangoku ekuthengisweni abantwana, kukodwa ixhoba imeko eyodwa lesiphumo elivumelekileyo.

ukufa ixhoba kwindawo entsha (leyo eyaba Inqaku 152 soMgaqo-Code Criminal) sifikelela kwisigqibo wolawulo mthetho kwiziko ixesha leminyaka esi-8 ukuya kweli-15. Ifaniswa isahlulo sesithathu yeSiqendu 152: ukufa ixhoba liya kohlwaywa yi isithuba seminyaka emi-5 ukuya kweli-15. Ngaloo ndlela, "entsha" umda osezantsi ikufutshane eliphezulu, njengoko isenzo kuyingozi kakhulu. Kwaye ngokuxhomekeke kwezinye iimeko zendalo ezahlukeneyo (ingakumbi mandundu) umoni uya kuthunyelwa koloni ubomi.

Eli nqaku ingakhankanywanga, kodwa nesayensi ibonisa ukuba kukho amatyala amaninzi xa "ukuthenga nokuthengisa" yokuqala bangela ukuba ezinye izenzo zolwaphulo-mthetho ezinxulumene macala, ingakumbi enxamnye kunye nokuhlukunyezwa. Kungenxa yoko le nto isohlwayo eyabelwe ubukhulu becala ngenxa yeziphoso ezininzi ukuba nobuninzi izigigaba ukuya ukufa ngokobugcisa umoni.