Umsebenzi Iimvavanyo Isibindi: Uhlalutyo umbhalo. Iimpawu umsebenzi kwesibindi Eqhelekileyo

Isibindi - yenye amalungu oluntu ibalulekileyo. Oku ngoncedo uphuphu nobumdaka, elwa iziyobisi. Yonke imihla ubethwa ntshikilelo emikhulu, kodwa, nangona kunjalo, kwakhona ngokukhawuleza. Ngelishwa, oku kwenzeka kuphela kwingongoma ethile. Ukuze ubone isibindi umsebenzi ubunakho ukunceda iimvavanyo umsebenzi kwesibindi. Ezama zohlalutyo ziya kunceda ukuchonga ingxaki umzimba.

iimvavanyo umsebenzi Isibindi - oko kukuthi

Ukuze ukufumanisa imeko wesibindi inyongo imibhobho, amayeza mihla usebenzisa inani lezifundo elebhu, ngokuhlangeneyo ekubhekiselelwe iimvavanyo umsebenzi esibindini. Amanqaku isifundo lalungiselela isampulu yegazi lwemithambo, kwaye sebenzisa ngayo ukwenza uhlalutyo ilandelayo:

• AST, ALT;
• yibilirubin;
• phosphatase awana;
• protein lilonke;
• test thymol;
• albumin.

Ezi mvavanyo laboratory zinceda ukuvavanya zolwaphulo ezikhoyo, kwakunye nobuchule isibindi ukuba agcine enye imisebenzi yalo ebaluleke kakhulu - ukuba kuyondelelaniswe enqanda kunye nezinye izinto eziyimfuneko ukuze ubomi obuqhelekileyo.

iimvavanyo umsebenzi Isibindi - ALT, AST

enzyme iqala AST kunye ALT kukhona izakhi ebalulekileyo ekuvelisweni ezithile asidi acid. UNorma AST and ALT yahlukile ngokuxhomekeke isini kunye nobudala yomguli, kwakunye ubunzima umzimba wakhe, lobushushu kunye nendlela yokuphila. Xa ephilayo esempilweni, inani labo ayinamsebenzi, kunye namadoda ngaphezulu kuneentombi.

Aspartate aminotransferase (AST)

Le enzyme iqulethwe ngokuqhelekileyo ancedisana kwesibindi, ngenxalenye entliziyweni kunye nezihlunu. female oqhelekileyo yi 10-35 U / l, yaye amadoda - ukususela-14 ukuya kwi-20 U / L. Ukwandisa amanani eqhelekileyo zinokubonisa umonakalo amalungu apho ikhoyo nokubakho. Kuxhomekeka ngendlela norms ziye ngaphaya (kwaye eli nani ingahluka ambalwa ukwandisa emihlanu - izihlandlo ezilishumi), ukuqinisekisa izinga lomonakalo. Ukuze uqinisekise ukuba inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kuchaphazela isibindi, neemvavanyo umsebenzi kwesibindi epheleleyo. analysis yokuguqula engqina okanye uphikisa le urhano kunye okuba eliphezulu.

aminotransferase Alanine (ALT)

Isibindi enzyme, AST kunye ezifana nenxaxheba ukutya kwaye acid ethile. Kanye njengokuba AST, kukhethwa ekhona iiseli isibindi, yaye ezesifuba izicwili kwezihlunu. nokuqulethileyo kwabasetyhini ngokuqhelekileyo iyahluka ukusuka 10 ukuya 30 U / L. Xa abantu, izinga yi 10-40 U / L. Kananjalo kukhomba umonakalo izihlunu agqithisileyo, leyo iqulathe alanine. Ukuba isantya AST kunye ALT landa, ngoko ke oku kubonisa ubukho izifo ezifana hepatitis wentsholongwane egazini, etsolo obunxilisayo okanye ukutya ityhefu, ukuqina kwesibindi, ubukho gazi.

yibilirubin

Kukho iindidi ezintathu yibilirubin - line (elidityaniswe), engathe ngqo (engadityaniswanga) kunye ngokubanzi, le yokugqibela ayikho ngokwawo, kodwa nobuninzi uhlobo yokuqala neyesibini. Le nto ulwehlo senziwa ngenxa kuwohloka heme, nto leyo eyinxalenye mpilo. Le nkqubo ithatha indawo iiseli esibindini. Xa kukho inkqubo zophendlo lwezifo kwi hepatocytes okanye inyongo bile kukho utshintsho yibilirubin serum.

yibilirubin Total ziyahluka kuluhlu ukususela 3.3 Mol / l ku 20.5, kunye umgca malunga nama-25% yemali iyonke, ngamanye ukuya ku 3.3 Mol / l, nengxelo- - 75% (13,6-17 , 1 mmol / l). Kwimeko apho ukwanda iimvavanyo umsebenzi isibindi ingaziinkqubo umsolwa ezahlukeneyo ukudumba esibindini kunye senyongo. ukwanda ebonakalayo yibilirubin senyongo ibonakala.

phosphatase awana

Enye enzyme bile nemibhobho kuyimfuneko eqhelekileyo yokusebenza komzimba, - a phosphatase obrak. Idlala indima ebalulekileyo calcium iphosphate ukutya, echaphazela ngqo imeko inwebu ithambo. Noko ke, izixa ezikhulu phosphatase ialakalin ekhoyo ancedisana wesibindi kwi isifo isisu, namadlala mammary. Ufundo Eqhelekileyo kuxhomekeke kubudala yesigulane. Kwiqela lobudala ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka engama-30 lwamaxabiso eqhelekileyo phosphatase obrak phezulu 32-92 IU / L nangaphezulu - ukususela 39 ukuya 117 IU / L. Yintoni ke uvavanyo igazi? iimvavanyo umsebenzi Isibindi ngokuqhelekileyo ibonisa akukho ukuncitshiswa isalathisi indyebo yalo kubonisa ukuphazamiseka pathways, ngokukodwa - ephula yothutho phosphorus. Oku besaphula nencindi inyongo kwi bile duct (cholestasis), isibindi ukuqina, izifo olwaye lwamfimfitha, ukutyhefa oyingozi utywala.

thymol isampula

Thymol uvavanyo - le yenye vavanyo, inxalenye iimvavanyo umsebenzi isibindi. Uhlalutyo Ukhutshelo kulo mzekelo ubonisa ukukwazi kwesibindi ukuba nokulungelelanisa amacandelo protein ke igazi. test Thymol ibhekisela yodaka. Ukwenza oko waphuma waya umxube serum kunye uxhaso isisombululo zafakwa isisombululo ifumile of thymol nasemva kangangesiqingatha seyure ukuvavanya ubungqongqo yesisombululo kuba lisibekele. amaxabiso esiqhelo zeesampulu yabo ku-0 ukuya kweeyunithi ezi-5. Ukukhulisa kwenzeka ukuphazamiseka protein yokuqaphela kwaye kubonisa hepatitis wentsholongwane egazini, isibindi ukuqina kunye nezinye izifo zomzimba nokuqina. Iluncedo nje uvavanyo igazi? iimvavanyo umsebenzi kwesibindi, thymol ingakumbi, kuvumela sisaqala, ngaphandle kokulinda ukuba ezibonisa kwezonyango isifo kwaye isigqibo isiqalo therapy eyaneleyo.

albumin

Omnye iiproteni plasma ezinkulu - albumin na. Eli licandelo phambili ekulondolozeni uxinzelelo oncotic lwe igazi kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kuchaphazela umthamo elijikeleza wegazi. Ukongezelela, albumin ludlala indima ebalulekileyo umsebenzi yezothutho njengesibophelelo kwi asidi ibile ducts, yibilirubin, ion calcium zingangeni ekwenzeni amayeza. Izinga eqhelekileyo albumin kukuba kwisithuba 35 - 50 g / l. Ukwanda kwentsebenzo eziqwalaselweyo izigulane emzimbeni kakhulu, ukuncipha - yinto isizathu sokukrokrela iinkqubo ukudumba esibindini, nokudumba, iinkqubo rheumatism. Ukongeza, ukuhla albumin serum kunokwenzeka nangokuzila elide, ukusetyenziswa zomlomo zokucwangcisa, steroids, ukutshaya.

protein Total

Igama elithi "protini iyonke" ithathwa ukuba ibhekisele ekuzisweni xi lilonke albumin kunye globulin e serum egazini. Eli candelo ephambili protein yokucolwa emzimbeni womntu. Iqhuba ezahlukeneyo nemisebenzi: ligcina rhoqo PH igazi inxaxheba kwiinkqubo amahlwili, immune, ukugqithiselwa amanqatha, iihomoni kunye yibilirubin kwi amalungu kunye namalaphu. Kutheni ugqirha icebisa izigulane bavavanyelwe iimvavanyo umsebenzi isibindi? Ingcaciso (norm le isalathisi kufuneka lufikelela 64 ukuya 86 g / L) ziya abanezakhono ukuqonda, ukuba le misebenzi abachaphazelekayo. Ngenxa yoko, ukunyuka iiproteins ibonakala izifo ukudumba kwaye ezosulelayo etsolo kwaye ezingapheliyo, kwakunye zokutshiswa olubanzi. Ukucutheka zisenokubangelwa nokopha, izifo sezintso ukuba zihamba ilahleko enkulu kakhulu ngakwicala leeprothini (glomerulonephritis), inkqubo umhlaza.

iimvavanyo umsebenzi Isibindi, uhlalutyo okotshiweyo leyo ibaluleke kakhulu ekufumaneni iimeko ezininzi zophendlo lwezifo kwesibindi kunye namanye amalungu aya kusasa ukudla (isidlo yokugqibela kufuneka kwenziwe kungabi ngaphantsi kweeyure ezingama-8 phambi kokuba uvavanyo). Ngosuku olwandulela imfuneko ukwahlula utywala uyadinga zokutya.