Adenovirus (adenovirus) - ntoni na? Indlela yokuphatha adenovirus?

Kukho nezifo ezininzi ezinokubangela zizifo ezahlukahlukeneyo ebantwini. Phakathi kwazo indawo ekhethekileyo kuhlala adenovirus. Loluphi uhlobo silwanyana, apho amalungu oko kuchaphazela, ukuba alwe nayo? Abantu abaninzi baye ove arhente ezifana causative.

Adenovirus - luni ephilayo?

Usuleleko bobabo usapho mastadenoviruses ezindala adenovirus. Okwangoku, kukho malunga amane serotypes. Njengenxalenye nganye intsholongwane iqulethe yomoya DNA leyo kuthathwa ukuba ibe isici esasenza abanye abameli zifo.

Kokuba kufunyaniswe ukuba adenoviruses - i silwanyana imilo ungqukuva kunye ububanzi of 70-90 NM. Uphethe umbutho elula.

amagciwane zaye kuqala ingadibani tonsils kwaye adenoids umntwana ogulayo 1953. Kamva, xa i-smear microscopy kwizigulane kunye usuleleko ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla lohlobo ufumene adenovirus. Yintoni na le usuleleko twisiseni? Kodwa kutyhilwa, kwaye izigulane ezineempawu ze pneumonia Nedlac kunye nophuhliso conjunctivitis.

idluliselwa njani

pathogen Wosuleleke yiNtsholongwane viral inokuba indize kwaye ilindle-ngomlomo indlela, ngokusebenzisa izinto abagulayo umntu, ukutya, amanzi emanzini evulekileyo okanye kumadama okuqubha. Adenovirus - yinto usulelo enambuzelayo ngathi umntu iimpawu ezikhoyo, kunye nenkampani ntsholongwane, alinayo nayiphi na iimpawu zokugula.

I-HIV ayinyangeki utshintsho zokusingqongileyo, ibhujiswe umoya emanzini sithatha ixesha elide kwi imithi esetyenziselwa unyango zamehlo.

Indawo ekuqalisweni kwe-virus kwiinwebu iinkqubo bokuphefumla yokucola ukutya, lo conjunctiva. Zingene iiseli epithelial neendawo nkovu, iqalisa phinda. Yeyona uphuhliso CPE kwaye ukuyilwa inclusions intranuclear. Iiseli ezichaphazelekayo utshabalale, ude, kwaye intsholongwane ithuthela phantsi egazini, kusulela ezinye izigqeba.

Phakathi serotypes ezithile adenoviral nazo abameli oncogenic, ebangela ukuyilwa yamathumba amabi, kwizilwanyana.

Ngenxa adenovirus usulelo epithelial inyama kangangoko sincinane umsebenzi isithintelo, leyo kunciphisa abasabela zebhayoloji wokugonyeka emzimbeni kwaye kunokubangela uphuhliso esihamba kunye intshabalalo yebhaktiriya. It ayinayo nefuthe yayintsholongwane eyosulela kakhulu kwizilwanyana.

Ukhuseleko ngokuchasene kwakhona izifo-

Kaninzi izigulane ukuphola ukusuka usuleleko adenovirus, waba sifo nkqi, kodwa kuphela adenovirus serotype ethile. Kuthetha ukuthini? Kubonakala ukuba xa uqhagamshelana kuqhubana ngayo yintsholongwane ethile hayi abantu abagulayo.

Ekuzalweni, umntwana uzuza umzimba kwizifo, leyo liyalahleka emva kweenyanga ezintandathu.

Iintlobo zezifo adenoviral

Kukho obubonakala zombini random kunye bhubhani adenoviruses, ngokufuthi kwiqela abantwana. Usuleleko iphawulwa ezahlukeneyo izinto, njengoko intsholongwane kuchaphazela inkqubo yokuphefumla, uxakaxa imifinya, amehlo, amathumbu, isinye.

Iziphumo ezahlukileyo adenoviruses zabantu. izifo Classification ziquka:

• ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla igciwane lohlobo xa zidityaniswe ne fever (idla ikhula ebuntwaneni);
• ezihlasela zosulele ngokuphefumla igciwane lohlobo ebudaleni;
• pneumonia;
• angina etsolo adenoviral (common ingakumbi ebantwaneni ngexesha ehlotyeni emva konyango amanzi);
• fever pharyngoconjunctival;
• conjunctivitis plonchaty;
• mesadenitis;
• conjunctivitis follicular olunamandla;
• keratoconjunctivitis bhubhane abadala;
• isisu (enteritis, utyatyazo wentsholongwane egazini, gastroenteritis).

Ixesha okuthatha uvela iintsuku ezintathu ukuya ezisithoba.

ukwanda kwezifo

Phakathi zonke izifo abhalwe ngayo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla kwi iqhezu ngokoyiswa adenoviral akhawunti kuba phakathi kwe-2 ukuya kwezi-5%. Kakhulu Ukubhenca ezisanda kuzalwa kunye nabantwana.

Ukususela-5 ukuya ku-10% yohlobo wentsholongwane egazini we-akhawunti sifo ukuba adenovirus. Oku kubonisa ntoni oko? Kuqala kwinto zonke, ezi zibakala zibonisa ukuba ukusasazwa kwayo ngokubanzi, ingakumbi ebuntwaneni (75%). Kwezi, ukuya kwi-40% kwenzeka kubantwana abangaphantsi kweminyaka emi-5, kwaye iipesenti aseleyo asasazwa phakathi kweminyaka eyi-5 no-14.

izifo Adenoviral lomlinganiswa sokuphefumla

Iqala isifo fever ukuya ku-39 ° C, intloko ebuhlungu kunye umkhuhlane jikelele. On kids ngenye indlela omele adenovirus, kuvela iimpawu ngcembe ebantwaneni, ukuba luphawulwa silale, ukungabi namdla wokutya, libya-grade iqondo lobushushu emzimbeni.

Fever buhlala imihla elishumi. lobushushu emzimbeni ukuze ke awe, aze avuke kwakhona, iimpawu abatsha zibhalwe ngeli xesha.

Ukususela kwimihla zokuqala zesi sifo kukho ingxinano ngeempumlo. Ngosuku olulandelayo kukho Luninzi obhobhozayo yangaphakathi okanye mucopurulent, ekhatshwa ukhohlokhohlo owomileyo kwenzeka rhoqo.

Iqala ukuba buhlungu emqaleni wakhe ngenxa anozizi yomqala, tonsils neengqameko, ukwanda wokugqibela ubukhulu.

Iimpawu ze ngokuma ukudumba

Le fomu ke ixhaphake kakhulu, oko luphawulwa ukudumba kwi yomoya. Ezi zifo eziphambili ziquka laryngitis, rhinopharyngitis, tracheitis, iphika kunye ukunxila jikelele oluphakathi.

Iimpawu fever pharyngoconjunctival

ifuthe elibi emqaleni ine adenovirus. Iimpawu ngenxa yokwanda kwamaqondo awasabela ngayo iiveki ezimbini iimpawu pharyngitis. Kukholisa ukuba kubekho umqala obuhlungu kunye umnqweno ngamaxesha athile ukuba sikhohlele, usulelo akuthethi ukuya ngaphaya iphecana sokuphefumla.

Iimpawu conjunctivitis plonchatogo

Uninzi ubunzima kubantu abadala kunye nabantwana elivisayo zabo. Esi sifo sibangelwa conjunctivitis ngomoya omnye okanye amabini ukuyilwa ifilim phezu isifo kwe ijwabu asezantsi. Kukho kwakhona ukufukuka ezimakishiweyo anozizi inwebu ejikeleze iliso, iintlungu, ukwanda ibhedi nemithambo kwi conjunctiva kunye nomkhuhlane. Kule sifo isixokelelwano sokuphefumla akukho bohlaselo usuleleko adenoviral.

iimpawu tonsillopharyngitis

Esi sifo senzeka ebantwaneni yobudala epriskuli. Eyona uphawu tonsillopharyngitis utshintsho ukudumba-ntlobo uyila pharynx kunye tonsils. Adenovirus, ifoto apho inikezelwe ngezantsi, na unobangela angina.

Imihlobo Iifom isisu

Kubonakaliswa losulelo adenovirus ethunjini lu dityanisiwe kuphuhliso sorhudo eliphakathi wentsholongwane egazini kunye gastroenteritis. Intsholongwane ebangela isicaphucaphu, ukugabha, urhudo, ngokuba akukho ukungcola, ukunyuka okungephi lobushushu emzimbeni. Ukongeza ukuya kwizigulo wamathumbu usulelo kunokwenzeka kwenkqubo nokuphefumla, umzekelo, rhinopharyngitis okanye laryngotracheitis.

adenitis mesenteric

Olunye uhlobo esi sifo, apho kukho intlungu esiswini kunye nomkhuhlane. Kusenokwenzeka amagciwane ezihamba ukuba kufuna unyango elwa.

Indlela yokubona le arhente causative

Kukho iindlela ezithile apho adenoviruses zimiselwe. Microbiology isebenzisa njengoko benza izinto endleni test evela zicatshulwa ngeempumlo, umqala, iliso conjunctiva. Ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukuba uzakutofa pathogen iyasetyenziswa, oluqhutywa ngayo inkcubeko iiseli zabantu epithelial.

Le microscopy immunofluorescence zelebhu diagnosis usebenzisa awayiboni ezisegazini kwi adenoviruses. Microbiology isixhobo waso eziliqela iindlela ukuba sikwazi oku usulelo. Ezi ziquka zokufuya:

• RAC - serodiagnosis amagciwane ngenxa ukuncedisana-unalo indlela IgG kunye IgM.
• Hai - Haemagglutination abasabela kuqwalaselwa inkqubo unyathela ngenxa ukuchongwa le ntsholongwane okanye zithinteli-plasma yegazi yesigulane. Indlela esebenza ngayo abathintela awakwazi wentsholongwane egazini ukusuka izilwa-serum omzimba emva koko baphulukana isakhono virus agglutinate iiseli erythrocytic.
• YE-ndlela isekelwe ekunciphiseni iziphumo cytopathic kwentsholongwane ngenxa unxulumano ngqo AT.

Ukubona Isilwa bentsholongwane kungenziwa ngendlela kwesifo ngokukhawuleza. kuyo Ngokuqhelekileyo iquka uphando ezifana:

• analysis Immunoassay okanye ELISA - zelebhu indlela ukuzimisela ngumzimba lweempawu ubunjani okanye ubungakanani intsholongwane, ngokusekelwe basabela ethile phakathi iantigens izoba;
• immunofluorescence reaction, okanye RIF, nto leyo evumela ubhaqo omzimba kusuleleko adenovirus (ukuba le ndlela iyasetyenziswa smear, idayi prestained);
• Uhlahlelo radioimmunoassay, RIA okanye usenza umlinganiselo nayiphi yoxinaniso bale ntsholongwane kulwelo.

Indlela ukuba ulwe usulelo

Emva kokuba ukusekwa ukuxilongwa phambi kokuba ugqirha kunye isigulana umbuzo yokuphatha ngayo adenovirus. Kukholelwa ukuba iziyobisi ezithile awukho ezikhona.

Kuxhomekeka isidanga ingenziwa ekhaya kunyango ugqirha wakho kwesi sifo okanye esibhedlele. Musa ukuba esibhedlele ngobulali iintlobo eziphakathi malunga usuleleko, waba uneventful. iimeko ezimandundu okanye ezinobuzaza xa kufuneka ziphathwe esibhedlele phantsi kweliso gqirha.

Ukuze koyiswe unyango adenovirus yeefom onobulali lincitshiswe ukuba alale. Kwiqondo lobushushu emzimbeni ngasentla 38 ° C paracetamol yayisalawulwa umthamo we 0.2 ukuya 0.4 g ka-2 okanye ka-3 ngosuku, engqamana-10 okanye 15 mg ngalinye 1 kg ubunzima bomzimba ngosuku. Ngu usuleleko adenoviral akazange athathe acetylsalicylic acid.

Kuxhomekeka kuhlobo esi sifo antitussive unyango kwangumqondiso, arhente expectorant ukuba umphilise "Stoptussinom" "glaucine," "Glauventom" "Mukaltin".

Le inhalation zetoti ukusetyenziswa deoxyribonuclease. Yokuba ka-2 okanye ka-3 ngosuku imizuzu eli-15. Nokuthimliswa wafaka amathontsi impumlo okhethekileyo.

Ukukhuthaza umzimba esebenzisa izakhiwo vitamin enesiqulatho olusisinyanzelo ascorbic acid, tocopherol, rutin, hydrochloride kunye riboflavin.

Ukuba amehlo wambetha unyango adenovirus ikhutshwa amathontsi deoxyribonuclease enzyme isisombululo 0.1- okanye 0.2% qho emva kweeyure ezi-2 yokusithwa-3. Ugqirha unakho ukumisela unyango ngezihloko namafutha aqholiweyo conjunctivitis glucocorticoid, amalungiselelo interferon, namafutha iliso kunye tebrofenom antiviral okanye oxoline.

ukuvikeleka kusulelo

Ukwenzela ukuthintela usulelo adenovirus nokunciphisa izehlo ahlekise usulelo yokuphefumla lohlobo usebenzisa ugonyo kunye izitofu eziphilayo, eziquka okuncitshiswe iiseli viral serotype esikhulu.

Adla ngokusetyenziswa iziyobisi kunye uhlobo adenovirus 4 okanye 7 ukuzikhusela ukwetyisa zesisu capsule ekhethekileyo camera.

Kukho nezinye ugonyo umgca ngqo kunye inactivated, kodwa ayisetyenziselwa ngenxa umsebenzi oncogenic le adenoviruses.