Ukuguqulwa kwegrarian kweso siphumo yimpumelelo okanye ukungaphumeleli?

Ukuguqulwa kwegralypin yegrarian kwaba ngumgudu wendalo wokuphelisa iingxaki ezityhilwa yi-revolution ka-1905-1907. Imizamo yokusombulula umbuzo wegrarian kuze kube ngu-1906 ininzi. Kodwa bonke babilisa nokuba bathabathe umhlaba kumnini-mhlaba baze banikeze abahlali, okanye basebenzise amazwe asemanyeneyo ngenxa yezi njongo.

UP. A. Stolypin ngaphandle kwesizathu sokugweba sigqibo sokuba inkxaso yodwa yombuso yilabo abanamhlaba kunye nabasimili abazizityebi. Ukubanjwa kweendawo eziphantsi komhlaba kwakuchaza ukuphazamiseka kwegunya lomlawuli kwaye, ngenxa yoko, kunokwenzeka ukuba enye inguqulelo.

Ukugcina amandla e-tsarist, eStolypin, ngo-Agasti 1906, kwaziswa ingxelo yenkqubo karhulumente, apho kuye kwahlonyelwa khona inani lokuguqulwa kwenkululeko yonqulo, ukulingana, imimiselo yamapolisa, urhulumente wengingqi, umbuzo wendawo, imfundo. Kodwa kuzo zonke izicatshulwa ezicetywayo, kuphela ukuguqulwa kwegrori yase-Stolypin kufumaneke ukuziphatha kwayo. Injongo yalo yayikutshabalalisa inkqubo yolawulo kunye nokunika abalimi ilizwe. Umlimi wasemhlabeni kwakufuneka abe ngumnini welizwe, okwakusakuba ngowommandla. Kukho iindlela ezimbini zokumisela isabelo:

• Ukuba umhlaba wasemhlabeni awuzange uphinde uhanjiswe kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesine edlulileyo, ke onke amafama athile angayibanga ipropati yakhe kwipropati yakhe.
• Ukuba ulwabiwo olunjalo, ngoko umhlaba wasuswa kwilizwe eliye lacutshungulwa yilo xesha.

Ukongezelela, abalimi babe nethuba lokuthenga umhlaba ngekhredithi kwixabiso eliphantsi lokuhlawula imali. Kule njongo, ibhanki yekredithi yezilwanyana yenziwe. Ukuthengiswa kweziqhelo zomhlaba kwenzeke ukuba kugxininiswe izicwangciso ezininzi ezandleni zabasimili abanomdla kunye nabanamandla.

Ngakolunye uhlangothi, abo bangenayo ixabiso elaneleyo lokuthenga umhlaba, ukuguqulwa kwezolimo zaseStolypin kwakufuneka bahambe kwiindawo ezikhululekile apho kwakungekho amazwe angamazwe angaphandle - kwiMpuma Ekude, eSiberia, Asia Ephakathi, eCaucasus. Abahlali bafumana uncedo lweenzuzo, kubandakanywa ukuxolelwa kwetyala leminyaka emihlanu, iindleko eziphantsi kweetikiti zomzila, ukuxolelwa kweemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali, ukubolelwa kwemali emva kwemali.

Ukuguqulwa kwegrafu yaseStolin, ngokubaluleka kwayo, ukubeka abalimi kwimimiselo yoqoqosho lweemarike, apho ukuchuma kwabo kuxhomekeke ekubeni bakwazi njani ukulahla impahla yabo. Kwakucatshulwa ukuba kwiindawo zabo baya kusebenza ngokufanelekileyo, kubangela ukukhula kwezolimo. Abaninzi babo bathengisa umhlaba, baza baya kuloo mzi ukuba basebenze, okwakubangela ukuqhutyelwa kwabasebenzi. Abanye bafudukela kwelinye ilizwe bafuna izimo zokuphila ezingcono.

Ukuguqulwa kwegrori yecala kunye neziphumo zalo azizange zilungele ithemba likaNdunankulu PA Stolypin kunye norhulumente waseRashiya. Ingqikithi, ngaphantsi kweyesithathu kwimizi yabantu abahlala kwimihlali. Isizathu salolu hlobo kukuba ukulungiswa akuzange kuthathe ingqalelo indlela yobomi bentlalo yabasimili, ukwesaba umsebenzi ozimeleyo, ukukwazi ukulawula ngaphandle kokuxhaswa koluntu. Kule minyaka, bonke baye bajwayele ukuba uluntu lithatha uxanduva lwawo malungu alo.

Kodwa ke, ukuguqulwa kwegrori yase-Stolypin kwaba nemiphumo emihle:

• Kwakungokuqala kobunini bomhlaba wabucala.
• Umkhiqizo welizwe elincinci liye landa.
• Imfuno yoshishino lwezolimo iye yanda.
• Imarike yomsebenzi ikhule.