Ingxelo yePushkin kuMikhailovsky ngo-1824-26.

Ukuthunjwa kukaMikhailovsky kaPushkin akuzange kube yinto yokuqala yokugwetywa kwesibongo. Emuva ngo-1820, ngenxa yeendinyana zakhe zamahhala kunye neepigrams, waya kwintshonalanga. Enyanisweni, igosa elincinci lathunyelwa nje ukuba lisuke eMoscow. Kwaphela iminyaka emine wayehlala kwizixeko ezininzi: iOdessa, Ekaterinoslav, iChisinau. Ngeli xesha, izibongo ezininzi ezaziwayo zabhalwa: "Umthombo waseBakschisarai", "Intolongo yaseCaucasus", "Abazalwana abaphangi". Ngaloo nto umsebenzi wawuqalwe kwincwadi yenkondlo ethi "Eugene Onegin".

Ingxelo yePushkin kuMikhailovsky

Ngethuba lokuhlala kwakhe eningizimu, uzuko lwabhaliweyo lomlobi olutsha aluzwanga. Kanye kunye nodumo lwakhe, iingqwalasela ezithembekileyo zabameli be-state censorship eziphethwe ngu-Alexei Arakcheev ziphinde zibhekiswe kuye. Ngo-1824, amafu aphinde aqokelele imbongi. Amapolisa athatha enye yemilayezo yakhe yangasese kumhlobo. Kule leta, uPushkin ubonisa iimbonakalo zakhe ezingakholelwa kuThixo. Ngomhla ka-Julayi 8 waloo nyaka, imbongi isusiwe kwinkonzo kwaye ithunyelwe kwipropati yomama, ehlala kwingingqi ye-Pskov. Enyanisweni, isiqhagamshelo sikaPushkin eMikhailovsky sasingqongqo kuye. Kwakungekho kufana nesiphetho se-Decembrists okanye inani lamanye amanani aloo xesha. Nangona kunjalo, ukuboshwa okukhethekileyo, ukufumana kude kunye nabahlobo bombhalo kunye nabantu abanomdla wezopolitiko abalinganisa imbongi. Yena ngokwakhe wayeqwalasela ikhonkco lokuvalelwa entolongweni.

Ikhonkco likaPushkin eMikhailovsky laqhubeka ukusuka ehlobo lika-1824 ukuya ngoSeptemba 1826. Ngelo xesha, kwakukho ukuba okokuqala ngqa ebomini bakhe kwafuneka abhekane ngqo nabantu, kunye nabalimi belizwe, abanika imbongi ibakhuthazo olutsha kwaye babonakaliswa emsebenzini wakhe olandelayo. Namhlanje, ezininzi iinkumbulo zokuzibonela kwamehlo asaphila, kamva wachaza indlela iPushkin yaxubusha ngayo abantu bezilwanyana, bevakatyelela iiforashi ngenkuthalo enkulu, bethetha nabahlali beendawo. Ixesha elipheleleyo likaPushkin ekuthinjweni eMikhailovskoe lalisondele kuye, umongikazi wakhe, u-Arina Rodionovna, owayesekhulile ngelo xesha. Kwiingoma zakhe kunye neetekisi, umbiza ngumhlobo wakhe kuphela. Kwakhona wayetyelelwa ngamaxesha ngamaqabane aseLyceum asekudala: iPushchin noDelvig, eyayivuyisa gqitha iiklasi. Ehlotyeni ka-1826, kungekude nomhlaba wePushkin, imbongi entsha uN. Yazykov ihleli . Kulo, uAlexander Sergeevich wafumana umngane osondeleyo. Amaxesha amaninzi achitha kunye kunye.

Ikhonkco likaPushkin kwi-Mikhailovsky ukukhanya okukhanyayo kuboniswa ngomsebenzi wakhe. Ubomi bokomoya bombongo, njengoko sele kuphawuliwe, Impembelelo enkulu yenziwa ngokuthintana nabantu babantu, ukufundela ngeengcali. Yintoni eyadalwa ngeli xesha, mhlawumbi, lelinye lamaphepha aqaqambileyo kunye anokwakheka obugcisa bokudala bombongo omkhulu. Nantsi iningi lembongo "I-Gypsies" ibhaliwe, iziqendu ezintathu ze-"Eugene Onegin" zidalwe, ukusuka kwipeni lembongi kwiindawo zeMikhailovsky zikhona "uBoris Godunov", "I-Faust's Scene", "Count Nulin" kunye nemibongo eninzi eyaziwayo, imidwebo kunye namaqaku amanqaku . Kuyathakazelisa ukuba emva kokushiya ePetersburg ekwindla ka-1925, inyanga emva kokuphela kwexesha lokuthunjwa, iPushkin iphinda ibuyele eMikhailovskoye. Eli xesha uchitha apho malunga nenyanga. Nangona kunjalo, kamva umbongi ubuyela apha, uthabathe ugqozi olutsha kunye namandla okudala.