UHermann Rorschach, zengqondo eSwitzerland ngengqondo: A Biography. test Psychological ku imifanekiso

Rorshah German - wengqondo Swiss, ngubani wehla kwimbali ngoncedo indlela yombhali zophando zobuntu. Kamva, le kwavavanywa zisetyenziswe kwisifundo ukuphazamiseka lokuqonda. Ibizwa ngokuba "Spot of Rorschach" yaye yingqokelela bengamabala ezilishumi inki baphikele kwisiqingatha. Ngamnye kubo ebangela umbutho yesigulane ezithile. Ingcali kubo ithumba, ingcaciso ngocazululo yabonisa indlela ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo. Kweli nqaku siza kuthetha uvavanyo Rorschach ize ingenise ngobomi emfutshane. Makhe siqale.

abazali

Rorschach kukugcina uluntu kwidolophu encinane kumantla Switzerland Arbon. ookhokho German akazange awuyekele kangangeenkulungwane eziliqela. Uyise Ulrich waba ngowokuqala lowo waqhekeza nesiko. Ngowe-1882 watshata Videnkeller Philippines yaye kamva iminyaka emibini washiya isixeko lokuzalwa kwakhe.

Okokuqala baya Zurich. Kodwa emva kokuzalwa kaHermann (1884) usapho Rorschach safudukela kwisixeko Schaffhausen. Ulrich wayesebenza igcisa laseSwazini, kodwa umsebenzi ningezanga naye ulwaneliseko. Ngoko Rorschach uSister waqhubeka nezifundo zakhe School of Applied Arts. Yena waba draftsman unesiphiwo nabantwana badla bathabathekile kuboniswe ngamabali ephepheni. Ngowe-1886, Ulrich wathabatha utitshala umzobo esikolweni kunye nesikolo Schaffhausen. Yena waba neqabane nehlekisayo, umyeni onenkathalo Umntu olungileyo. Ezi mpawu wandivelisa nomfazi wakhe Philippine.

ebuntwaneni

Ekuqaleni, UHermann Rorschach waya kwisikolo sikarhulumente, yaye emva kokuphumelela safudukela cantonal yayo. Oku kwalandela kwinqanaba eliphezulu uqeqesho kunye kwicandelo ilungileyo. German kuzo zonke izifundo wabonisa iziphumo ezihle ngokulinganayo. Ithe ke yakuba ilondele owodwa abafana ngenkuthalo.

Xa Rorschach wayeneminyaka eli-12 ubudala, umama wakhe wasweleka. Malunga inkwenkwe, kwakunye umzalwana kunye udade Herman ngoku wanyamekela igumbi. Kwiminyaka emibini kamva, Ulrich watshata umzala zikude umfazi wayo ofileyo igama Regina. Yena ke umfazi ehlokomayo abanomkhitha, kodwa Herman akazange ukuphatha ukufumana ulwimi eqhelekileyo kunye naye. Ngowe-1903, wabulawa unesifo esinganyangekiyo Ulrich. Ngaphambi kokuphela kwezi zikolo cantonal eJamani wayeneenyanga-12 kuphela.

isiqhulo

Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, ukuqeqesha la makhwenkwe babevunyelwa ukuba abe lilungu lweemanyano umfundi. UHermann Rorschach ukuba babhalise Company "Skafuziya". Kwaba khona ukuba lo mfana wanikwa igama elithi Ubucime. Kwaye kwakungekho ingozi. Ngelo xesha, abantu abaselula ngokuya kuthandwa kwegama elifanayo umdlalo. Kakade ke, omthandayo yaye Rorschach. Bengamabala zamiswa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: i-inki ephepheni obuthululwayo-inki, ngoko iphepha elisongiweyo kwisiqingatha. Ngenxa yoko a imifanekiso engaqhelekanga. Kuyinto kusenokwenzeka ukuba lesiqhulo ubuntwana kunye nothando umdlalo kwenza kaHermann ukuphuhlisa iimvavanyo ngokwasengqondweni imifanekiso.

Kukho olunye uhlobo lwale ngemvelaphi igama lakhe. Rorschach waba umbhali ayithandayo UWilhelm Busch. Ngo elinye lamabali wembongi eziphuma artist Kleksel. Abaninzi babekholelwa ukuba imbeko wakhe Herman wafumana igama lakhe.

Emva kokuphumelela kunamathela ayikwazanga bachaze umsebenzi elizayo. Herman eqwengiweyo phakathi zenzululwazi zendalo kunye zobugcisa. Kwi ingxaki yakhe Rorschach wathi kwileta eya Ernst Haeckel. Ecebisa ukuba athabathe iinzululwazi zendalo. Ngenxa obungcali ka Haeckel kaThixo, omnye kwakunzima ukufumana ezinye iingcebiso. Ngenxa yoko, Herman wakhetha amayeza. Eneminyaka eli-19 waya kufunda Zurich.

amayeza

Nangona uninzi lwabafundi emva kokuphela konyaka ngamnye, waya kwelinye iziko, kwaye ekupheleni kwekhosi ukubuyela kwiyunivesithi. Kwi indlela efanayo yaye ndaya Rorschach. Yena batyelela amaziko emfundo, kubandakanywa nabo eJamani eRashiya. Iqhawe eli nqaku ukufunda kakhulu, nto leyo ukuba ukuba bafunde ukuba ngugqirha kwiminyaka nje 5. Ngowe-1909 wafumana idiploma yakhe.

impilo Personal

Emva kokuphumelela, phambi kokuba ugqirha oselula kwafuneka bakhethe: ukuya eklinikhi eyunivesithi aze afumane umvuzo omncinane okanye esibhedlele cantonal, apho imivuzo lalilikhulu kakhulu. Kwangokunjalo 1909 kaHermann Rorschach wabhengeza wayeganene Olga Stempelin (nentombazana adibana ngelixa befunda Russia). usapho Young ndandiswele imali, ngoko eli nqaku wakhetha hero cantonal kwikliniki zengqondo. Yena waye Myusterlingene, kunxweme ubangel Lake Baden. Rorschach wafudukela apho kunye Olga.

Xa ekliniki, kuquka izigulane 400. Abasebenzi bezempilo bezibandakanya abantu abathathu - ugqirha oyintloko kunye nabancedisi ezimbini. oonontlalontle kunye noomabhalane wayengekho, ngoko ke umsebenzi abancedisi ukuba udluliselwe amasebe, kusasa planorki nentlangano kwizigulane zemisebenzi eyahlukeneyo. Emva kokuba ekwenzeni imisebenzi kwabancedisi kwezinye ngexesha simahla ukuba ukukhwela isikhephe, ukudada sedikeni okanye ukwenza ezinye izinto.

Rorschach Myusterlingene wachitha iminyaka emine. Mhlawumbi eli xesha yonwabileyo ebomini bakhe. Ngowe-1910, watshata Olga. Umtshato senzeka eGeneva, eCaweni Orthodox Russian. Kamva, umfazi wazala abantwana ababini, kwengqondo.

amabala inki Rorschach

Emva kokuyeka iqhawe esibhedlele cantonal eli nqaku kangangeminyaka eliqela wayesebenza kwiiklinikhi zengqondo yaseJamani naseSwitzerland. Wayebhale imbali sifo zahluke kakhulu kwezo olwagcwalisa noogxa bakhe. Herman kakhulu kakhulu lokumba undoqo ukuphazamiseka kwengqondo, ukuzama ukoyisa umda nezenzo ezikhoyo.

Kodwa kwengqondo ayiphelelanga nje ukusebenza. Uphando - oku nto lonke ixesha lakhe nanceba, Rorschach. Bengamabala usenomdla German. Linga nabo ke waqala wabuyela ngo-1911 kunye notitshala Konradom Geringom. Rorschach Last akuvumelekanga ukuba uthwale ngaphandle iimvavanyo abafundi babo. bayamenywa Abantwana ukuba angcolise ubungangamsha iphepha isisihla le, ulisonge kubini, uze uvule uze uchaze apha ngezantsi oko akubona.

kushicilelo lwemisebenzi

Uphando nocazululo lweziphumo zabakubonileyo Herman wathabatha iminyaka eli-10. Kuphela ngowe-1921, yena kuqala wapapasha uvavanyo lwakhe psychodiagnostic lujoliswe isifundo ubuntu. Ogulayo neetafile-10 kunye bengamabala kuphumele ekubeni amakhonkco associative emva ujongile ezirekhodiweyo. Kamva, ugqirha abahlalutya iimpendulo kwi inkqubo okhethekileyo eliquka iindidi eziliqela. Lo msebenzi wafumana igama "Spot of Rorschach" kwaye zonke wangena igama Herman kwimbali. Kakade ke, lo gama kukho ezinye iimvavanyo ngokwasengqondweni imifanekiso, kodwa ubuchule iqhawe eli nqaku wanika iziphumo inokuthenjwa.

Herman kuqhubeka esebenzela ukuphucula kuyo Wayigqiba itafile. Kungekudala, wathi ukuba lixesha kwaye kungekudala kakhulu iya kuzisa iindlela ezintsha. Ngelishwa, kugqirha akazange abe nexesha lokwenza njalo.

ukufa

iminyaka 37 - oko kukuthi iminyaka wemka apho kwihlabathi kwezinye Rorschach Hermann. Ukusuka apho wafa wazi ezimbalwa. Kwaye esi siganeko ligutyungelwe kwilivo ezininzi. Ukuze siqonde le meko, siza zishwankathela kukho inani leefekthi zingenakuphikwa ngokufa lo lwengqondo.

Aprili 1, 1922 kaHermann Rorschach, ogama engobomi kuye uchazwe apha ngasentla, waba kwisibhedlele Herisau kubonwa. Zonke kwiveki edlulileyo yena ubunzima kakhulu ukusuka osesiswini. Oogqirha bayacetyiswa ukuya esibhedlele, kodwa ayizange ifune icebiso labo, baya kuphela xa babukongamela ngokupheleleyo. Looser akundincina ugqirha wakhe wafumana peritonitis enzima kwentamo. imeko Rorschach kwaba esingasebenziyo. Ugqirha wazama ukunceda eJamani, ukusebenzisa inkqubo yemibhobho ehambisa igesi (kuqaliswa zerabha ityhubhu kwi liqatywe inxeba). Emva kokuba isigulane nguloo ukumnika efakwa. Ngelishwa, ayizange ukunceda, kwaye imini emva kaHermann Rorschach wafa. Xa kuvulwa, oogqirha ukungabi nako ukumisa ubulawe. Yaba perforation le cecum, okanye ukudumba oyingozi.

Rorschach wangcwatywa ngo Aprili 5 e Zurich, kumangcwaba ka Nordheim. Eulogy abuthethe psychoanalyst, umbingeleli kunye nomhlobo endala Herman Apocrypha Pfister. Wathetha ngalo ukuziphatha kobuKristu Rorschach phambi kokufa kwakhe, yaye bakhe zawo nokuzeyisa. Kwakhona, oko uProfesa Eugen Bleuler. Kugqirha wathi ukufa kaHermann ilahleko enkulu kwinzululwazi kunye nomsebenzi weli ngumphandi qwa akukho mntu uya kuba nako ukugqiba.