Ugonyo nxamnye ncomo inyumoniya. Ugonyo nxamnye pneumonia yabantwana: ncomo

Isifo kakhulu eziyingozi abafana namantombazana kukukrala emiphungeni. A inyumoniya njengonobangela enkulu yokufa phakathi kwabantwana. Ngokutsho manani, esi ngezifo kuthatha ngonyaka ubomi babantwana ngaphezu kwesigidi esi-1 abangaphantsi kweminyaka emihlanu. Namhlanje sifunda ukuba abazali kufuneka benze, ukuze akhusele intombi yakhe okanye unyana nesibetho. Yintoni lokugonya inyumoniya olusebenzayo ukuba amachiza ziyafumaneka ezinokuthi ukuthintela ukwenzeka kwesi sifo? Kwakhona ukufumana izimvo abazali kunye noogqirha, unokubanceda abantwana imithi pneumonia.

Ubungozi izifo

isifo Pneumococcal ibangwa yibhaktheriya ethile ebizwa pneumococcus. Phakathi izifo ezithi zenzeke emva kwalo usulelo sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi ephilayo - pneumonia, oyingozi otitis eendaba, samathambo, ubovu meningitis, unepleurisy. Zonke ezi zifo kuyingozi impilo kunye nobomi bomntwana, zisongele iingxaki zakhe kunye neziphumo ayibuyiseki umva kwakhona kwixesha elizayo. Uzenza kwale igciwane ngokuqhelekileyo emva nezinye izigulo ngembobo, ezifana influenza, imasisi, otitis eendaba, kwaye umkhuhlane. Uthintelo kulo mzekelo, omnye - kwangethuba ukuba ukugonyelwa semiphunga abantwana.

isimiso ukusebenza

Esi sifo sibangelwa nokudla pneumococci. Le ntsholongwane, iintlobo apho kukho okwangoku malunga nekhulu. Abazi Azifumaneki kunyango oluqhelekileyo kunye arhente antibacterial, yaye oku, nayo, nzima le meko. Ngoko ke, ugonyo nxamnye semiphunga - eyona ndlela isebenzayo yokuthintela kuphuhliso sifo. Amayeza esetyenziselwa babethelele abantwana, iqulathe izinto ezinokuthi yokungenelela iintlobo ezininzi pneumococci. Ngokufuthi, le Ziintlobo ezi-5 ka iintsholongwane, kodwa kukho isitofu sokugonya, esebenza ngamagciwane-10 ezahlukeneyo.

iintlobo logonyo

Namhlanje, abantwana bagonyelwe semiphunga kusetyenziswa iintlobo 3 kweemveliso:

- Powder for Inaliti "UMTHETHO-Hib".

- Ukunqunyanyiswa ukuba isitofu intramuscular "Prevenar".

- Inaliti "Pneumo 23".

Umgaqo lomsebenzi ke kufuneka ifana kakhulu, kodwa ezinye iiyantlukwano kunjalo waphawula.

Drug "Prevenar"

Le oluludaka yeyona ixhaphakileyo lokugonya ezintathu ngasentla. Ngoko ke bantwana, kuqalwa iinyanga ezi-3 zobomi (ngamanye amaxesha iinyanga 2). Umngcipheko wokosuleleka sisifo Pneumococcal liphezulu kakhulu xa kwiimvuthuluka phambi kweminyaka yobudala engama-2. Ngoko ke, lo ukugqithisela "Prevenar" sogonyo Kuyaqondakala yaye enengqondo. Olu gonyo efakwa kula magama:

- lokuqala - ngeenyanga ezi-3;

- yesibini - iinyanga 4.5;

- sesithathu - kwiinyanga ezi-6;

- iminyaka enye enesiqingatha - wesine (booster).

Loo ugonyo nxamnye pneumonia, ngasendleleni, ingase ingabi ngokukhuselekileyo ezidityanisiweyo ngempumelelo nabanye inaliti. Le ngaphandle kuphela yi -BCG (lugonyo nxamnye tuberculosis). Ukuba oogqirha ukuthobela yonke ngokoMthetho siphane kosana, it ikuvumela ukuba ukudala amandla okukwazi egqwesileyo nabantwana abancina- ne-2 ubudala xa iintsholongwane iStreptococcus kuyingozi enkulu kunye esebenzayo.

Nokuba ugonyo nxamnye semiphunga abantwana yenziwe, oko akuthethi ukuba umntwana uya agule kwesi sifo. Kodwa ukuba belithe wayeza bosulelekile, usulelo kuya kuba lula, kungekho neziphumo ezibi kakhulu kubo impilo yakhe. Ngoko ke, abazali kufuneka bayeke usana lwakhe yenze eli chiza. Ingakumbi kuba phantse akuthethi baxabane ezibi.

Inaliti "Pneumo 23"

Olu gonyo eyahlukileyo kowangaphambili Ukwazisa umntwana emva kweminyaka emi-2. Kule ukushiyeka yayo engundoqo. ngayo sincede abantu abadala. Kodwa inzuzo yalo oku.

- sandi lwenziwa kanye kuphela, hayi lonke ikhondo.

- okukwazi igcinwe iminyaka emi-5.

- Elula nokupakishwa. Drug zibekwe iisirinji kunye nedosi enye ye lokugonya. Ukuze umntu na ubudala, ithamo elinye - 0.5 ml.

- ukuba lo isitofu ababhalisele abaninzi eYurophu, nto leyo engqina ukusebenza kwayo.

- Eli chiza "Pneumo 23" isebenzisane kakhulu kunye namanye amachiza, ngaphandle kweziyobisi lwesifo sephepha.

- Nokuba umntu wahlaselwa sisifo eyenza uthintelo, le sokugonya emva kokuba inyumoniya asiyonto contraindication ukuba zisetyenziswe. Oko kukuthi, oko kunokwenziwa nakwabo bantu abaye ebegula nesi sifo, ukuze musa kwakhona sinokosuleleka.

Yaye umda ukuba basisebenzise esi sixhobo zezi:

- uvakalelo Ukunyuka ukuya negazi lakho kwicandelo iziyobisi.

- Ezinye iintlobo zezifo (umzekelo, hypertension).

Olungumgubo Inaliti "UMTHETHO-Hib"

Le sogonyo efanelekileyo abantwana abathe ufikelele kwiminyaka yobudala iinyanga ezi-3.

Ichiza ivumela ukuba nezifo ukuba esi sifo, akukhankanywa kuphela kwiSiqendu. Olu gonyo nxamnye meningitis, inyumoniya, nokudumba, nangokurhala, epiglottis, iintlobo ezahlukeneyo samathambo. Kwaye oku inzuzo yalo.

scheme Ugonyo oku kuthetha oku kulandelayo:

- Xa ekwisithuba seenyanga ezi-6: iinaliti emithathu eyenziwa qho emva kweenyanga 1-2, kunye nokuqaliswa booster ithamo kunyaka-1 emva gonyo wesithathu.

- Abantwana ukusuka kwiinyanga ezi-6 ukuya 12 2 isitofu kubekho isithuba seentsuku ezingama-30, kunye nokuqaliswa kwe-dose ezongezelelweyo kwiinyanga ezili-18.

- Kids ukusuka kwiminyaka 1 ukuya kwisi-5 yabamba inaliti enye.

Imibono malunga ichiza "Prevenar"

Olu gonyo inyumoniya abantwana, ncomo apho baninzi kakhulu, omninzi yempikiswano kwamathandabuzo. Abanye abazali bakholelwa ukuba isitofu uphephile ekufuneka nje ukuba wenze iintsana. Abanye umama kunye abazali ungaqinisekanga ukusebenza kwayo. Ukongezelela, abanye bakholelwa ukuba le amayeza emva kokusebenzisa ngayo ngokunxulumene kwiintsana, nguye unobangela neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga kunye nokufa.

Olu gonyo nxamnye ncomo inyumoniya loogqirha wafumana ezahlukeneyo. Abanye oogqirha bathi ukuba iziphumo ezintle kogonyo, ngoxa abanye ingqalelo kwezinye izinto. Umzekelo, isibakala sokuba inxalenye yale mali, "Prevenar" ayibandakanyi serotypes-1 no-5, ebangela usuleleko Pneumococcal. Bakwathandabuza ngeendleko kugqirha kunye neziyobisi, kuba kwamanye amazwe, afana eNetherlands, le sogonyo akuvumelekanga okwexeshana.

Iindleko kwemali "Prevenar" - malunga 2,5 amawaka engange.

Imibono malunga ichiza "Pneumo 23»

Olu gonyo nxamnye semiphunga abantwana iimpendulo ezifunyenweyo becala HIV. Oku akothusi: ichiza "Pneumo 23" lelokuqala ezaqanjwa ngeendlela zonyango isiFrentshi, kwaye ngexesha elinye kakhulu zithandwa. Emva kokuba isitofu lisetyenziswa ezininzi kumazwe aseYurophu, yaye oko kuthetha lukhulu: oko kuyasebenza kwaye ikhuselekile. Abazali bathi isibakala ukuba isitofu ayikho kakhulu kids buhlungu, kunye nomngcipheko amancinane iingxaki. Ukongeza, isitofu sokugonya onjalo zitshiphu woogxa balo - ichiza "Prevenar". Kwi-avareji, medikamen «Pneumo 23" iya kuxabisa abazali 1,8 lamawaka engange, okanye 700 engange zitshiphu.

Noko ke, oogqirha kufikwa ngale sokugonya. Abanye bathi ukuba aphephe zonke. Abanye bathi nangqiqo kuyo, bathi, ithetha unganika nto Kiddies 2 kuphela ubudala, ayinakusetyenziswa. Yaye ekubeni umngcipheko incopho izivumelwano yinyumoniya okwabangela ngaphantsi kweminyaka iinyanga ezingama-24, ukusuka lo mbono uthetha asifanelekanga. Ngoko ke, abanye oogqirha ukucebisa abazali ukuba anikele ingqalelo nezinye iziyobisi.

Iimbono zakhe malunga lokugonya "UMTHETHO-Hib"

Uhlaziya abazali ngale ngesixhobo esahlukileyo. Umntu ngenene okunoneleyo kunye naye, kodwa kukho ezininzi i oomama kunye abazali ababhala ukuba isitofu inyumoniya kubangela ngayo ezibi. Phakathi kwezi ziganeko ezibi: bomvu, kwindawo efakwe kuyo inaliti, ifiva, ukozela, ukuba nochuku umntwana. Abo bazali bathetha kakuhle malunga sokugonya, bathi isibakala sokuba bona ngokwabo ngoku baqinisekiswa abantwana babo kuba ichiza "UMTHETHO-Hib" ikhusela nje kuphela pneumonia, kodwa kwezinye izifo eziyingozi, ezifana meningitis, nokudumba kunye nezinye .

Iindleko igutyana iziyobisi equlathe 1 ithamo sogonyo-avareji engange-400.

Ngoku uyazi ukuba lugonyo semiphunga - ekuphela kwendlela ukuzikhusela wena nosana lwakho kwesi sifo eyingozi. Okwangoku, kukho 3 iintlobo iziyobisi apho no- yenziwa abantwana kunye nabantu abadala. Nokuba lithetha "i ACP-Hib", "Prevenar", "Pneumo 23". Ngaphezu koko, ugweba yi-ncomo, abantu uthembe ichiza lokugqibela - "Pneumo 23" njengoko lisetyenziswa kwi yamazwe aseYurophu. Nangona ezinye Zibini izitofu nazo eninzi ingxelo entle. Ngoko ke, lo ukhetho ukwenza nzima, Noko ke, emva kokuba ubonane nogqirha, abazali, Kakade ke, uya kufumana amayeza eziya ukukhusela usana lwabo, kwaye ngokwabo ugula kakhulu, ezifana pneumonia.