Ugonyo CCP: Izimo kunye neziphumo ebezingalindelekanga

Abazali abantwana baya ebuza ngemfuneko kunye nokwenzeka ugonyo lwesiqhelo abantwana babo. Siza kuthetha ngendlela lokugonya uthwala nePDA. Abantu abadala abayi kukuthemba abenzi sokugonya, umgangatho iimeko zabo imveliso, ukubambelela uthutho kunye nokugcinwa. Ukongeza, impilo yabantwana bethu kantu buthathaka yimiba yokusingqongileyo - abantwana badla ubunzima allergies, ifiva. Kukho imibuzo malunga nendlela umntwana uya kuthabatha sokugonya, neya kulandelwa omzimba, yaye yintoni imiphumo ukuba impilo wosana olo. izinto zokuqala kuqala kwinqaku lethu.

Ukususela oko izifo ukuqhuba ugonyo nePDA?

Yokumilisela CCP - lo ukusungulwa lugonyo izifo ezifana nemasisi, uqilikwane (ezaziwa ngokuba "ihagu") kunye rubella. Ugonyo ezi zifo inokuba kwi entsonkothileyo okanye zokugonya monovalent. Ngaba Ndidinga ukukhuselwa umntwana ezi zifo ngaphezu iyingozi?

Imasisi - sisifo esisulelayo ukuba sikhatshwa nerhashalala iimpawu kunye nomkhuhlane. Emva malunga 5 iintsuku, yabangxamayo uqalisa ubushushu bomzimba imbuyekezo yesiqhelo bunciphe. isifo zexesha elifutshane ehamba ngokuzimeleyo - kunokuba yingozi ukuba umntwana? Ingozi siyifumana kuphuhliso iingxaki ezahlukeneyo ezinkulu: inyumoniya, kobuchopho, amajelo otitis, kunye nezinye umonakalo amehlo. Uphawu lwe ekusasazweni kwesi sifo kukuba xa wadibana umguli, umntwana eziinzi phantse-100% ye owosulelekileyo. Xa sijonge le nyaniso, abantwana benza PDA zigonywe alufane, iziphumo abazange elide ukuza - amatyala ziyanda unyaka wonke.

Rubella ngexesha ebuntwaneni ukunyamezeleka nzima, wayedla ngaphandle ifiva. Iimpawu amaqhakuvana amancinane, neendawo nkovu adumbileyo. Kodwa sifo imele yingozi enkulu umfazi omithiyo, oko kukuthi yemveku. Ukuba intombazana ayizange ukugonyelwa rubella njengomntwana okanye kakubi ngayo, yachuma, hits emngciphekweni ngexesha lokukhulelwa. Rubella buphazamisana kunye nophuhliso ndingekazalwa, ngokufuthi abosulelwe elikhulelweyo kukhokelela ukuzalwa kwesisu okanye kwexesha. Ekuzalweni, umntwana kungabangela iziphene ngokunzulu usana, badla akuvumelani ebomini. Ngoko nokugonywa CCP kubalulekile ukuba amantombazana.

Onoqwilikana luchaphazela i amathe ndlala parotid. Kukho intloko, kukho lobushushu eliphezulu, 40, entanyeni kwaye ngeenxa ezindlebeni ukudumba usenziwa. Umntwana kunzima ukuhlafuna, ukuginya. iingxaki ezinokwenzeka kaqwilikana ukubandezeleka: media otitis, ukudumba ebuchotsheni, amakhwenkwe badla ukuphuhlisa ukudumba amasende (orchitis), nto leyo enokukhokelela ekubeni iinkunzi elizayo.

Zonke ezi zifo ngasentla sisasazwa ngamathontsi emoyeni kanye yonke imihla, oko kukuthi, nabani na ukuba umntu onesifo eziinzi, nokuba izinyathelo.

Umgaqo ukusebenza MMR

Ukugonyelwa nezifo usebenzisa esidibeneyo okanye monovalent. Le omzimba yenziwa 92-97% yabantu agonywe.

Yiba impahla eliqhelekileyo onke amalungiselelo PDA ugonyo - iqukethe ubomi (okuncitshiswe) kwamagciwane. Njani i CCP (ugonyo)? Khokela yalatha usulelo zabantu emva zolawulo ichiza. Kodwa lokugonya ibonelelwe ukulungiselela inani ezincinane ubomi umzimba waqalisa ukusebenza yonke imisebenzi ukhuseleko, kuquka ukuveliswa antibodies kwamagciwane. isifo High-grade okunjalo. Noko ke, ukusabela icala ezahlukeneyo ezinokwenzeka. Malunga kwabo siya kuthi ngakumbi kamva.

Ngawaphi isitofu MMR?

Namhlanje kumazwe ico basebenzisa ezi mveliso PDA agonyiwe:

lokugonya Imasisi:

1. Le L-16 ngamachiza Russian-eyenziwe. Oku kwenziwe ngesisekelo kwamaqanda lwezagwityi, nto leyo iadvanteji, njengoko kwiproteni chicken (oko kukuthi, isetyenziswa kakhulu isitofu amazwe) ebantwaneni kuvame uxabane.

mumps:

1. Russian lokugonya live L-3, kwakunye nokulungiselela L-16, ezenziwe amaqanda izagwityi.
2. "Pavivak» Czech iziyobisi.

rubella:

1. "Rudivax" eyenziwe eFransi.
2. "Ervevax", eNgilani.
3. lugonyo SII Indian.

lokugonya Complex:

1. ukulungiselela Russian yimasisi kunye unoqwilikana.
2. "Priorix" - Belgian ugonyo nePDA. Ukuphonononga beziyobisi ezintle. Waphumelela intembeko abasebenzi bezempilo kunye nabathengi. Kwiiklinikhi zabucala ngogonyo kwezifo 3 - nemasisi, uqilikwane kunye rubella - sogonyo kucetyiswa kanye oku kakhulu ekhuselekileyo nesebenzayo.
3. lokugonya Dutch "uMark-II» eyaziwa exutyiweyo - kukho imbono yokuba iimpawu Autism kwenzeka emva kogonyo nalo eli chiza ebantwaneni, kodwa ulwazi oluchanekileyo luqinisekisiwe malunga ngalo mzuzu ayikho.

Njani na ugonyo?

Ngokuqhelekileyo oku kubangela ubunzima ekuqhutyweni CCP-gonyo. abasabela ngayo umntwana ngexesha lolawulo ibonakalaliswe ngokohlobo angonwabi nodanduluko olunamandla. iingxaki Post-ugonyo angavela kuphela ngomhla wesihlanu emva kogonyo. Ukuze ukunciphisa imiphumela emibi iinkqubo ezinyanzelekileyo kufuneka yenziwe ukuthobela yonke imigangatho yokhuseleko. Iyafuna ukunikela ingqalelo kwinto ukuba isitofu kufuneka kucazululwa ngoko nangoko phambi le nkqubo. Ukunyibilika ichiza kufuneka ibe isisombululo ekhethekileyo, encamathele lokugonya kuphela.

Olusanda kuzalwa kwi ihleza okanye umkhono, abantwana abadala - kule subscapular kwindawo gonyo nePDA. Iingxaki ukuba ungabi sisizekabani paramedics ixhala kungabandakanya: intlungu kunokwenzeka, bomvu, ukudumba kummandla wolawulo kweziyobisi iintsuku ezimbini. Kodwa ukuba mpawu zingasentla okubonakala ekhatshwa nezinye reactions ezibi kufuneka ukuba bajonge wabantwana.

Ishedyuli nokugonywa

Ukuchumisa i CPC kuqhutywa kid oneminyaka ubudala, ugonyo ngoko ngokuphindaphindiweyo eneminyaka eyi-6. Kwezinye iimeko, le sihlume zonyango kunye nabantu abadala. Umzekelo, umfazi ngexesha lokukhulelwa uceba. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba ukuqala ukukhulelwa kufuneka icwangciswe emva ubuncinane kwiinyanga ezi-3 emva kogonyo nePDA.

Isitofu sokugonya kudityaniswe kunye namanye amachiza ngogonyo: i CCP ukuba ngaxeshanye kwenziwa ugonyo Hib, hepatitis A, KDP, uminxano, zokugonya ipoliyo.

Izimo obuphelele PDA ugonyo

Kukho Izimo ngokugqibeleleyo yethutyana logonyo PDA. Kudingeke ukuba wena udele logonyo phantsi kwale miqathango ilandelayo yesigulana:

• immunodeficiency yimfuzo okanye bathenga;
• ubukho iziphene okukwazi yeselula;
• ukusabela kakhulu ugonyo wangaphambili;
• ubukho aleji amacandelo zeziyobisi.

Izimo yethutyana

Kwimeko apho kukho iingxaki zempilo okwethutyana agonywe umntwana okanye omdala lwenziwa emva ukuchacha epheleleyo kunye nokubuyiselwa ugonyo PDA omzimba zomzimba. Izimo ziquka:

• corticosteroids, immunomodulating iziyobisi, radiotherapy kunye ichemotherapy;
• usuleleko izifo ezihlasela zosulele;
• exacerbation kwezifo ezingapheliyo;
• izifo ababa inkqubo yokujikeleza;
• iingxaki zezintso;
• umkhuhlane kunye nomkhuhlane;
• ukukhulelwa.

ukusabela ezibi Common

Ngokuqhelekileyo zidluliselwe wabathanda PDA (ugonyo). iziganeko Ezingalunganga kwenzeka-10% yamatyala. Ezinye iingxaki ezivele musa kubangela inkxalabo koogqirha, kubhekisela kuluhlu yezimvo oluqhelekileyo omzimba ukuba ichiza. Kubalulekile ukukhumbula ukuba nayiphi na impendulo kwi MMR isitofu sokugonya zingenzeka kuphela ukusuka kwiintsuku-4 ukuya kweli-15 emva kogonyo. Ukuba naluphi na utyeshelo kwimpilo yomntu ukugonywa wavela ngaphambi okanye emva kwezi ntsuku, azikho enxulumene sokugonya, ngaphandle anozizi inaliti wolawulo, nto leyo waphawula kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala.

Ukuze abasabela yesiqhelo emva kogonyo nePDA ziquka:

• Ukunyuka lobushushu (ukuya degrees 39);
• iimpumlo ezivuzayo;
• ukukhohlela;
• anozizi le emqaleni;
• kwamadlala amathe parotid;
• ziyabagulisa: irhashalala, urticaria (kuvamise ezinjalo kwenzeka zintsholongwane "Neomycin" kunye neprothini yinxalenye amalungiselelo);
• kwabasetyhini kwenzeka emva izikhalazo ugonyo iintlungu imisipha namalungu. ukusabela okunjalo abantwana namadoda waphawula kuphela ngo-0.3% yamatyala.

ukungaphili

Amatyala iingxaki ezinkulu emva PDA ugonyo. Ngethamsanqa, bona zinqabile, kwisiqalo kwamanye ukuphazamiseka emzimbeni. Ubangelwa abasabela zimaxongo, kuba isifo yesigulane, ukuba sogonyo mgangathweni, ukusetyenziswa ngokungafanelekanga le ichiza. Iingxaki emva kogonyo nePDA ziquka:

1. Unditsho, ukuphuhlisa phezu imvelaphi kwiqondo eliphezulu. Nale uphawu elimisiweyo antipyretics paracetamol, kwakunye ekucetyiswa ukuba axilongwe luvo ukuba akukho ngqiqweni imvelaphi ukuphuhliswa kwenkqubo luvo.
2. ukonakala kwengqondo Post-ugonyo (kobuchopho). Xa isigqibo sokuba aqhube okanye ukwala ugonyo CCP kufuneka luthathele ingqalelo ukuba kwingxaki enjalo emva kogonyo livela izihlandlo 1000 ngaphantsi kwe nosulelo ngokupheleleyo yimasisi okanye rubella.
3. Emva Ukuchumisa lokugonya entsonkothileyo okanye uqilikwane, equka esi sifo,-1% amatyala meningitis inokuphuhlisa, kanti ukudlulisela izifo, eli nani ifikelela 25%.
4. Kwimizuzu engama-30 emva kokuba CCP yokumilisela abasabela Kuloko umothuko anaphylactic. Gcina ubomi kwimeko enjalo epinephrine kuphela. Ngoko ke, musani self - zibhekisela babase kwisitofu kwi kwikliniki karhulumente okanye yabucala ezizodwa, kwakunye ukulandela imiyalelo zonke kagqirha, kuquka impendulo umkhondo ukuya sokugonya kangangesiqingatha seyure kwi iindonga kumaziko ezempilo. Kuyimfuneko yaye begxeka umongikazi thethwano ngomhla wesihlanu kunye lweshumi emva Ukuchumisa.
5. Kwiimeko ezinqabe kakhulu ebhalisiweyo thrombocytopenia - ukuhla zegazi egazini.

Ukulungiselela nokugonywa

Ukwenzela ukunciphisa ingozi yokuba ezahlukeneyo iingxaki post-kogonyo, kuyimfuneko ukuba ukuqhuba uqeqesho pre-nokubekwa nogonyo. Ngakumbi loo manyathelo ibalulekile ugonyo lwabantwana. Phambi kogonyo lwesiqhelo, mabalandele ezo zikhokelo:

1. Musa ukungena ezityiwa lwemveliso ezintsha yomntwana. Ukuba usana ibele, unina ibele kufuneka kwakhona ngqo kwizidlo njengesiqhelo.
2. Kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ngaphambi kokuba ugonyo kuyimfuneko ukuba bapase i iimvavanyo zegazi umchamo eqhelekileyo yadalwa ezifihlakeleyo, eqhumayo izifo.
3. Abantwana abathanda ngayo komzimba okanye babe neengxaki ezifana ngexesha ugonyo ezidlulileyo nga maliqhutywe antihistamines iintsuku ezi-2 phambi nogonyo kunye neentsuku ezimbalwa emva kogonyo.
4. Emva Ukuchumisa wenza PDA, ubushushu bomzimba kudla kuvuselwa kumanqanaba aphezulu. Kodwa ke, nangona kunjalo, oogqirha musa singacebisi iziyobisi antipyretic njengenyathelo lothintelo. Bona yabelwa kuphela abantwana kunye ukuthambekela uhlaselwe febrile. Thatha isiyobisi ngoko nangoko emva kulawulo lokugonya.
5. Ukuba ngaba usana lwakho isempilweni kwaye akukho bungqina kufumana amachiza phambi ugonyo ngeenjongo zokhuseleko, qiniseka ukuba indlu uye amayeza lokuqala zoncedo - antipyretics ( "Nurofen", "kazz") kunye antihistamines, umzekelo, "Suprastin".
6. Kwangoko phambi Ukuchumisa umntwana kufuneka axilongwe wabantwana: ukulinganisa iqondo lobushushu, ukuhlola imeko xa iyonke yempilo.

Kufuneka wenze ntoni emva zokugonya i CCP kaThixo?

Umntwana ebanjwe nePDA ugonyo? umzimba ukuba unako kuphela ngomhla wesi-5. Ukunciphisa kukuvela ziziphumo ebezingalindelekanga, namathela amanye amacebiso. Ngoko ke, emva kogonyo yaye musa ukuvumela umntwana wakho ukuba uzame ukutya ezintsha. Kwakhona, ukuphelisa ukutya okungekho mpilweni, awukwazi overfeed usana. Yandisa ukusebenzisa fluid.

Kwiintsuku ezimbini zokuqala kubhetele ukuba ahlale ekhaya, ngenxa yokuba umzimba buthathaka nemiqhathane ngokulula semngciphekweni wokosuleleka iintlobo zezifo. Kwisithuba seeveki ezimbini qhagamshelana umda kunye engqongileyo. Kuphephe emzimbeni okanye nobushushu usana lwakho.

Xa kuyimfuneko ukubiza kwagqirha?

Emva kogonyo ngokusondeleyo iliso usana: umlinganiselo rhoqo iqondo lobushushu, khangela reactions bakhe, ukuziphatha, izikhalazo. Ukuba uqaphela ezi mpawu zilandelayo medical ngexesha likaxakeka:

• sorhudo;
• ukuphalaza;
• amaqondo obushushu aphezulu, apho akayi kuyaphula antipyretics;
• lobushushu ngaphezu degrees 40;
• uxabane yayinzima;
• ukudumba okanye inaliti induration, efikelela kwi-ububanzi mkhulu kuno-3 cm, okanye ithumba;
• elide baby ezingenangqondo ukukhala;
• yombono;
• Angioedema;
• umoya;
• ukulahleka lokuqonda.

Xa kusenziwa isigqibo sokuba ukwenza CCP (ugonyo) ukuya emntwaneni okanye ukunika, ubunzima nobubi bendlela. Khawucinge manani ukuhla abathi ukuba usulelo ngokupheleleyo kunye nemasisi, uqilikwane okanye rubella, umngcipheko iingxaki namaqondo sandla lingamakhulu amaxesha ngaphezulu emva kogonyo kwiziyobisi mihla. Ukongeza, oomama yokwenene ukuthetha malunga nenqanaba eliphezulu ukhuseleko nogonyo PDA - uninzi lwabantwana ukugonywa zingazange zibhalwe naziphi na iingxaki post-ugonyo. Landela amanyathelo othintelo kunye nemigqaliselo zonyango - ukuba isitofu sogonyo baya kuzuza kwiimvuthuluka zakho kuphela kwaye akhusele kwizifo kakhulu.