Thalamus - I thalamus kukuba ...: inkcazelo, isakhiwo kunye nokusebenza

Development of Psychiatry kunye Neurology kwiimeko mihla akunakwenzeka ngaphandle olunzulu ulwazi ngesakhiwo kwanemisebenzi ebuchotsheni. Ngaphandle ulwazi lweenkqubo ibakho umzimba ungakwazi ukunyanga esi sifo uze ubuyele abantu ubomi obuqhelekileyo. Ukunyashwa naliphi na inqanaba embryogenesis - ukungaqheleki yemfuza okanye ukuphazamiseka; ngenxa yeziphumo eteratogenic yeemeko zangaphandle - kukhokelela kuphuhliso leengxaki organic kunye neziphumo noqhekeko.

isebe ebaluleke

Ubuchopho - isakhiwo entsonkothileyo yento ephilayo. Iquka izinto ezahlukahlukeneyo. Enye amasebe ezibaluleke kugqalwa intermediate. Oku kuquka links ezininzi: i thalamus, ngxenye, kunye epithalamus metetalamus. I ezimbini ezininzi ezingundoqo lokuqala ziyaqwalaselwa.

Thalamus: zomzimba

Le element uchazwa ukubunjwa median macala. Le ibekwe phakathi ephakathi kunye uthinte. Isiqalelo iqulathe amacandelo 2. образование, входящее в лимбическую систему. Thalamus - imfundo, yinxalenye yenkqubo ingqondo. Iqhuba iintlobo ngeentlobo zemisebenzi. Ngexesha uphuhliso osandul, i element uthathwa kunayo. Oku ilungiswe kuthiwa kummandla sobuKristu, kufutshane embindini ingqondo. Kuwo ukuba uthinte luvo wandise kuwo onke amacala. Umphezulu medial iyinxalenye udonga icala ventricle wesithathu.

Iinkozo

часть сложного комплекса. Thalamus - yinxalenye isethi oluntsonkothileyo. Oku ukusekwa iinxalenye ezine. Ezi ziquka: le ngxenye, epithalamus; predtalamus kanye amaphiko thalamus. ZifunwaEzokugqibela ezimbini athatyathwe isakhiwo eliphakathi. Epithalamus ibandakanya Tala pineal, unxantathu kunye leashes. Kulo mmandla zifumaneka nuclei inxaxheba ukusebenza kwawo ivumba. epithalamus nature yophuhliso peritalamusa ezahlukeneyo. Kule meko, ukuba zithathwa ngokuba imfundo eyahlukileyo. включает в себя более 80 ядер. Ngokubanzi, isakhiwo thalamus kuquka nuclei ngaphezulu kwama 80.

Okukodwa

thalamus ubuchopho ibandakanya inkqubo elinye icala. It ukhandwa kwimicu myelinated kwaye esahlula iindawo ezahlukeneyo imfundo. Ezinye iindawo zichazwa amaqela neuronal. Ngokomzekelo, izinto intralaminar isiqalo periventricular njalo njalo. Iziqalelo ihluke kakhulu inxalenye thalamic engundoqo.

ngezigaba

iziko ngalinye iqulethe yaseburhulumenteni. Oku kubangela ixabiso kwazo emzimbeni womntu. Ukuhlelwa eziba lwenziwa ngokuxhomekeke kwindawo yabo. Ukwahlula la maqela alandelayo:

1. Front.
2. Mediodorsal.
3. Umgca ophakathi.
4. Dorsolateral.
5. Ventrolateral.
6. posteromedial Ventral.
7. Buyela.
8. Intralaminar.

Ngaphezu koko, undoqo yahlulwe kuxhomekeke orientation amanyathelo neuronal ku:

1. Amabala.
2. Yenza signal processing ephathekayo.
3. Hearing.
4. Olawula imali eseleyo.

iintlobo zamaziko

Bekela bucala relay, kunye nonxulumano kwahlelwa nonspecific. Le yokugqibela ziquka inani enkulu medial nengxelo intralaminar. Isiqalo relay ifumana iimpawu, apho kulindeleke kamva kwiindawo ezahlukeneyo uthinte. Ezi ziquka ezikhoyo ezithumela mizwa ephambili (ventral posteromedial geniculate; postlateralnoe ventral; medial kunye osecaleni) kunye pulses ababandakanyekayo ingxelo kwiCerebellum (kwicala ventral). engundoqo ukudibanisa inkoliso pulses zinokufunyanwa kwesona uthinte. Bathi project emva yokulawula umsebenzi.

kweeneural

образование, связанное с гиппокампом. Thalamus - imfundo enxulumene Hippocampus. Intsebenziswano kuya ngendlela ekhethekileyo, apho khona apho, kunye namaqumrhu mammillary. Ngu neuron thalamus inxibelelanisa reyi thalamocortical. Kwakhona kukho indlela apho ingcaciso ethunyelwayo ukuba nangenjinana, ukuchukumisa, lobushushu. Kuthatha indawo apha emqolo. Apha kukho amasebe amabini: ventral and lateral. Kwicala la yokuqala lokupasa intlungu lobushushu, okwesibini - phezu uxinzelelo, kunye kwebala.

igazi

It lwenziwe ngokudibanisa ngasemva, inferolateral, choroidal osecaleni oluphakathi kunye thalamus paramedian, neempahla subthalamic lwemithambo. Abanye abantu bafumana anomaly yokwakheka. It inikwa ngokohlobo umthambo iPercheron. Kulo mzekelo, omnye asuka esiqwini ngasemva inqanawa lobuchopho. Inika lonke thalamus igazi. Le meko kakhulu inqabile.

imisebenzi

? Thalamus unoxanduva ntoni? Le mfundo kuthatha ezininzi iingxaki. Ngokubanzi, i thalamus - uhlobo lwe siliziko ulwazi. Kulo kwenzeka ukuthumela phakathi kwiindawo subcortical. Umzekelo, inkqubo yokuqonda nganye, ngaphandle ukuqgiba isebenzisa inucleus thalamic, abafumana kwaye ekudluliseleni amaza e ehambelanayo kwindawo ephambili. Kuba isabelo optic le pulses retina engenayo zithunyelwa ngokusebenzisa iziko iyantlukwano osecaleni, nibonise ulwazi olungqamelanayo kwi Occipital kwicandelo zone uthinte. A indima ekhethekileyo bobabo ukuya thalamus kwi ummiselo uphaphama kunye nokulala. Umphakathi lokunxibelelana kunye ixolo, enza iziphaluka ezithile ezinxulumene isenesazela. Lo msebenzi nochulumanco kwakhona ulawula thalamus. Umonakalo lokhu idla kukhokelela isiqaqa. Le thalamus liqhagamshelene Hippocampus wenza imisebenzi ethile kwintlangano memory. Kukholelwa ukuba ummandla wakhe udityanisiwe kwezinye iinkalo mesial-temporal. Oku kuqinisekisa ukwazana kumahluko rekollektivnoy lememori. Ngaphezu koko, icebisa ukuba thalamus libandakanyeka kwiinkqubo zemithambo kuyimfuneko ukwenzela ukulawulwa motor.

ezimbi

Ngenxa stroke thalamic syndrome angase. Kubonisa emacaleni ovuthayo (ifiva), ezibuhlungu ukushukumisa. Idla kunye zokulwa nale ngxaki. Mazwe ummandla thalamic of ischemia kunokubangela yanyhashwa kakhulu. Ezi ziquka, umzekelo, iquka mutism akinetic, nokuphazamiseka oculomotor. Xa occlusion mazwe le iqhosha kwemithambo iPercheron zingenzeka.

kumiswa Thalamic reticular

Kwicandelo usembindini umphanda yi Sisihloko iiseli. Befaka inani elikhulu Imisonto oqala kuwo onke amacala. Xa siqwalasela oku ukuyilwa ngemicroscope, ikhangeleka ngathi womnatha. Ngoko ke, yayibizwa ukuyilwa reticular. imicu zobuchopho kumka eya kuqweqwe zenze ngendlela non-ngqo. Ngoncedo lwabo zigcinwe umsebenzi kuzo zonke iinkalo CNS. Phantsi yempembelelo ukuyilwa luyenyuka ingqondo. Kule cluster kukho nokukhethwa ulwazi. Iinxenye overlying lifumana kuphela ulwazi olutsha nebalulekileyo. ukubunjwa osebenzayo usoloko kwinqanaba eliphezulu, njengoko uhamba nge imiyalezo evela kuzo zonke receptor.

luvo

Bathi ebonisa uvakalelo oluphezulu kwiiarhente amayeza kunye hormone. Iziyobisi ezifana "reserpine", "Chlorpromazine", "Serpazil" kunye nabanye banako ukunciphisa umsebenzi ukuyilwa. Ngo-luvo abasebenzisana uplink kunye downlink nemiqondiso. La mandla ezikhona rhoqo kwi kwiisekethe. Ngenxa lo msebenzi siyagcinwa. Yena, ke, kuyimfuneko ukugcina ithowuni ye-luvo. Kwimeko yokwaphuka ukuyilwa, ingakumbi amacandelo ayo aphezulu, kuza ubuthongo obukhulu, nangona imiqondiso afferent kuqhubeka ukufika ngamanye imizila uthinte.