MCV (a uvavanyo lwegazi): umbhalo. MCV: yamihla

Ukubala inani leeseli erythrocyte ukujonga umthamo wabo avareji okanye uhlalutyo igazi kunye nezinye izifundo asetyenziswa umahluko ekufumaniseni iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwegazi kunye nezinye iimeko zophendlo lwezifo.

Yintoni na iiseli ezibomvu zegazi

Ngokutsho iimpawu erythrocytes (iiseli ezibomvu), nto leyo kakhulu ukuba ezikhethekileyo iiseli non-nuclear, igazi biconcave imilo, kunokwenzeka ukuba bagwebe nobume bempilo yomntu. Iiseli erythrocyte eziqulathwe ebala yokuphefumla - yentsimbi-equlethe protein mpilo. Eyona umsebenzi iiseli ezibomvu mpilo, nto leyo ebaluleke kakhulu ukuze likwazi ukusebenza onke amalungu emzimbeni. Ngexesha ukuyilwa ezi seli ekwafanekisa le yenza ukuba umongo ebomvu. Le nkqubo zichatshazelwa erythropoietin, evela kwiiseli ezinkulu umthamo kwezintso phantsi kweemeko hypoxic.

Normal athwala yokuqaphela kwaye ukuyilwa iiseli ezibomvu kunokwenzeka kuphela xa kukho cyanocobalamin, kwaye folic acid kwakunye umthamo owaneleyo ion yentsimbi. Xa Ukubolekisa erythrocytes zenkqubo zikhona iinyanga 4. Ngoko kukho ukutshatyalaliswa iiseli zegazi, indawo ukuthotywa yazo udakada kunye nenkqubo reticuloendothelial.

Kuthetha ukuthini MCV?

MCV index erythrocyte sisalathiso olwahlula ixabiso umthamo angumndilili iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Ukuze amise ukuxilongwa isifo kwizigulana, oogqirha njalo ukumisela wegazi. Ziqonde MCV uthi iiseli zegazi kwi imeko emzimbeni womntu. Kubantu abasempilweni, umlinganiselo iiseli ezibomvu igazi umthamo wegazi lilonke njalo, kwaye ngoko ke, ubungakanani kunye nenani kufuneka ingabi nakuguqulwa.

Kuphuhliso komzimba, nangokurhala, ukungabikho kweevithamini kunye nezinto kwezimbiwa ingafunyanwa ngokugqithisela igazi MCV-analysis. Ziqonde iziphumo ebonisa abanala makhwiniba, ubungqina ithi kunokwenzeka zophendlo lwezifo.

Esi salathisi ichazwe kwi kuhlalutyo ngokubanzi kwezonyango igazi kwisifundo eyahlukileyo.

Indlela ukubala MCV

Ukubala umthamo angumndilili iseli ebomvu igazi kuyimfuneko ukuba bahlule ubungakanani weseli volume ngenani lilonke egazi erythrocyte. Enye indlela yokubala hematocrit ngokusekelwe kwinani hlula okanye kwisalathisi 1 mm ³ igazi ngenani iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Phantsi komndilili ipesenti hematocrit ratio phakathi umthamo iiseli zegazi umthamo wegazi iyonke.

On MCV Uhlalutyo igazi, ukucazulula of oludityaniswe novavanyo lobungakanani iiseli ezibomvu, kugqalwa oluchanekileyo ngaphantsi kwezinye iindlela ezimbini yokubala. Oku kungenxa yokuba xa sangqa iiseli erythrocyte kwi-5% of umthamo wayo kutshintshwe yi-15%. Ukuthembeka esi salathisi kusenokwenzeka igqwethekile xa kukho inani elikhulu iiseli ezibomvu eziguqukileyo imilo. Umzekelo, ukuba aqhube epheleleyo segazi, ixabiso MCV kuyinto eqhelekileyo ukuba isigulane ifumaneka zombini olukhulu kunye microcytosis.

Kufuneka Makukhunjulwe ukuba microspherocytes ubukhulu ngokuqhelekileyo lingako, kodwa ngomlinganiselo ofanayo umthamo umlinganiselo kuluhlu oluqhelekileyo, nto ke leyo ebangele Kunconywa smear microscopy igazi ethathwe.

iyunithi yokulinganisa

Iyunithi yomlinganiselo ka ukuthini umthamo corpuscular (MCV) femtolitry athathiweyo (fl) okanye micrometers cubic (microns ^3).

Yintoni uhlalutyo?

Nale parameter igazi nokuxilonga iintlobo ezahlukeneyo kwegazi ezifuna unyango oluthile.

MCV iziphumo zohlalutyo yegazi ivumela ukuba umahluko phakathi:

• igazi microcytic, deficiency zentsimbi kunye ion thalassemia xa kuncitshiswa Yindibanisela kwitsheyini polypeptide, inxalenye yesakhiwo mpilo;
• igazi normocytic normochromic okanye leyo iqalisa izifo ezingapheliyo, kunye ukusilela lomongo wethambo ephambili, ngenxa ukuncipha kwemveliso erythropoietin;
• igazi macrocytic nge ukuswela folic acid kunye cyanocobalamin xa nokwanda ubungakanani erythrocyte.

Elungiselelwe amacandelo karhulumente ngalinye kufuneka unyango yayo. Kuba uphethwe uhlalutyo kubaluleke gqitha igazi lwezonyango, zokucazulula MCV (mean umqulu corpuscular) ikuvumela ukuba bagwebe imo iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Ukuba le salathisi unalo ixabiso eqhelekileyo, iiseli ezibomvu egazini kuthiwa normocytic. Xa iziphumo ezisezantsi MCV index kwiiseli ekuthiwa microcytic, yaye amaxabiso zokuzicingela wabo bakholelwa macrocytic.

Misela ukutyeshelwa balance amanzi electrolyte emzimbeni sivumela igazi MCV-analysis, zokucazulula intsebenzo leyo ibonisa utshintsho esikalini ityiwa. Ukuba umthamo avareji iiseli ezibomvu ngaphantsi kunesiqhelo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ukuthetha malunga yokungabikho ulwelo emzimbeni womntu. Umzekelo, kubunjani emzimbeni hypertonic of MCV yokuhlola kwegazi base-. Ukuba isalathisi ngaphezu mmiselo, ngoko ke sithethe emzimbeni hypotonic.

Ekuhlaziyeni MCV zibe iphenjelelwa yimiba eyahlukeneyo. Ukunciphisa avareji umthamo erythrocyte kunokubangela hemolysis okanye inkqubo lomatshini iikhompawundi ityhefu phambili. igazi Low MCV-analysis, ukucazulula ebonisa butywala yomguli kunye nokusetyenziswa methanol njengoko into ityhefu, naye ingaqhelekanga.

uNorma MCV

Mean corpuscular Isalathisi volume kuxhomekeke kubudala yesigulane, onika uvavanyo lwegazi MCV. KwiSithethe kwiqela lobudala ngalinye iya kuba sisiganeko esahlukileyo, yaye lubonakaliswa femtolitrah. IMigangatho ebekwe umqolo wamaxabiso yale isalathiso, leyo iindidi ukususela 80 ukuya 100 femtolitrov izigulane abadala.

Kwiimeko ezininzi, kubaluleke kakhulu MCV-igazi test umbhalo. UNorma lo liphezulu awayezibona kubelekwa. Kufuneka mayingagqithi 140 femtolitrov. Njengoko umntwana ekhula amaxabiso eqhelekileyo kule index uncipha. Ngenxa yoko, izinga umntwana oneminyaka ubudala wayeza kuba iindidi ukususela 71 ukuya 84 femtolitrov. Ukususela kunyaka 1 ukuya kutsho kwiminyaka emihlanu ubudala ixabiso umthamo angumndilili iiseli ezibomvu yabo ku 73 ukuya 85 femtolitrov. Ukususela kwiminyaka-5 ukuya kwali-10 kucingwa ukuba umphumo analysis MCV eqhelekileyo ukususela 75 ukuya 87 femtolitrov, yaye kuphela ebudaleni, esi salathisi ifikelele nemimiselo abadala.

ukungabikwa MCV

Ukuba ixabiso MCV e test igazi ubuza, libonisa uphuhliso anemia microcytic. Ukuphuhlisa kulo yokunqongophala ion zentsimbi kwi plasma egazini, kukho izifo indalo ezingapheliyo kunye nezifo ilifa, uphuhliso yamathumba yingozi, iikhompawundi Ityhefu yelothe ngokuthatha amayeza athile, ukusebenzisa kakubi utywala, xa thalassemia njengoko yehle Yindibanisela kwitsheyini polypeptide, inxenye yobume mpilo.

amanani eqolo MCV

imilinganiselo ephakamileyo umqulu avareji weeseli erythrocyte kubonisa uphuhliso igazi macrocytic kunye nezinye iimeko zophendlo lwezifo ephawulwa:

• ukuswela vitamin B ₁₂ (cyanocobalamin) waphula umthetho absorbability;
• folievodefitsitnoy igazi kunye nokunqongophala acid folic;
• igazi megaloblastic ngenxa besaphula DNA yokuqaphela;
• igazi intshabalalo;
• hypothyroidism, apho kukho ukunqongophala ihomoni;
• izifo isisu;
• izifo zesibindi;
• kwanciphisa umsebenzi kweeseli pancreatic;
• izifo ukuba umongo;
• ityhefu okanye amayeza ityhefu;
• utshwala.

Isalathisi Uhlalutyo igazi MCV isenokuba ngaphezulu kancinane kunesiqhelo kwabasetyhini xa uthatha izicwangcisi hormone. Imisi yemidiza nayo ingabangela ukwanda komthamo avareji iiseli ezibomvu zegazi.

Ingcamango MCH

Kunye kwinkcazelo MCV, uhlalutyo MCH-igazi ivumela ukwenza isifo umahluko ukumisela iintlobo kwegazi. Oku kuthetha nani njengoko avareji erythrocyte enye yentsimbi-equlethe protein mpilo. Ulinganiswa bhunxe.

Bala ixabiso kwe isiqulatho haemoglobin kwi erythrocyte enye ngokwahlula xi haemoglobin ngenani kweeseli erythrocyte. Xa kuthelekiswa nesalathisi umbala, MCH-analysis ivumela ukuba ukubonisa ngokuchanekileyo ukuba lingakanani na izinga kwiproteni yentsimbi aqulethe kwiiseli ezibomvu egazini.

Ngenxa ixabiso le isalathiso ayinabantu anaemia hyper-, iHypo kunye normochromic. Normohromiyu angafumaneka kubantu abasempilweni, kodwa ke ngamanye amaxesha ikhapha hemolytic ne-anaemia aplastic, kwakunye neemeko ezinxulumene ilahleko igazi oyingozi.

Xa hypochromia nokuhla erythrocyte volume, apha ochazwa microcytosis okanye ukwehla ngakwicala leeprothini haemoglobin kwiiseli ezibomvu egazini kunye mqulu eqhelekileyo. ukuhlanganiswa Ngaloo hypochromia kunokwenzeka kunye erythrocytes njenge ubungakanani sinciphile kwaye normo- kunye macrocytes.

Hyperchromicity kubonakaliswa kwenzeka kungakhathaliseki Ukwanda iiseli erythrocyte yihemoglobin kwaye wenza kuphela nemiqulu iiseli ezibomvu zegazi. Oku kungenxa yokuba ukunyuka ngehemoglobin ngaphezu mmiselo ukusebenza komzimba lo crystallization yayo hemolysis.