Tank KV. Tank "Clim Voroshilov". Itanki yeSoviet KV-1

Ngu ekuqaleni kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, sixhobe nayiphi nomkhosi ehlabathini akunalo amatanki enzima. Ngaphandle omnye. I-Red Army bona.

Kutheni sifuna amatanki enzima

Imfazwe - kukuthi, kuqala, umsebenzi, nzima, ezimdaka kunye kuyingozi kakhulu. Amajoni ixesha elininzi lizimisele imba emhlabeni. Okukhona uya ukucatshulwa umhlaba, ayanda amathuba okuphila. Kukho ezinye iintlobo zomsebenzi, hayi ngaphantsi ixesha elide kangakanani, yaye nganye kuzo ifuna ngesixhobo esahlukileyo. Ukuze kuqhunyiswe Sixhomekeke kwingongoma ngamnye akayi kwenza bomber enzima - kuhlaselwa imfuneko. Ukuba atshabalalise amandla industrial lutshaba, akufunekanga ukuba isetyenziswe ukulwa, kufuneka kubekho ekuhlaseleni qhinga, yaye kufuneka kubekho inala. kwamatanki Ukukhanya ziyafuneka ukuze behlasela ezinzulu okukhawulezayo, esa utshaba zokuzikhusela kwaye ukudala "pocket" apho iiyunithi amakhulu empi, anqunyulwe lonikezelo kunye nonxibelelwano, awukwazi elide ukuphila. Ukuba sisondela isifaniso kunye isixhobo ukusebenza bona, enze umsebenzi intsimbi, bhetyebhetye nokuba lula. Kodwa ke kukho iimeko xa ufuna into enamandla ngakumbi, yaye ndikho kubaluleke kakhulu ukuba (ngezembe, umzekelo, okanye izembe). kwamatanki enzima ziyafuneka ukuba bawathathe ekhawulezayo ezinqatyisiweyo iindawo ukuba bathabathe, okanye akakwazi ukuba bayicezele, kwaye uthatha ikhefu lwemethodoloji, negalelo ngokungqalileyo, destructional kunye kabuhlungu.

zokulwa esindayo eyabulala abantu abaninzi Karelia weza ngoDisemba 1939. Eyoyikekayo kukrakra kuyabanda, ikhephu ukuya esinqeni sakhe, phantsi kumgxobhozo, kunye lomkhenkce. Xa iimeko zemozulu kongeza emigodini, ozibonayo apho kuyingxaki; umsebenzi seva; ngesiquphe evela emplacements ezithathwa ekhuselweyo ikhonkrithi ubukhulu lwesamente; ebusuku polar, xi psyche; ukwehluleka ukwenza umlilo kwaye kufudumele jikelele; kwamakhulu, efihliweyo, kwakhona, phantsi ikhephu, kwaye kakhulu, kokukhona, kucacile, "kutheni ngoko lixakekile elide nabanye uhlobo Finland omncinane". Umsebenzi onzima idabi "Mannerheim Line" okwesihlandlo sokuqala wadlala indima kwamatanki ebalulekileyo enzima. ESoviet Union ebusweni yenkokheli kaStalin isigqibo ukuseka inqindi eliphezulu-enikwe vehicles phambi kwamanye amazwe. I-Finnish War wathabatha inxaxheba iisampula zovavanyo, ingakumbi i QMS. December 17, ukuzama ukoyisa Hottinen enqatyisiweyo, omnye wabo ukuba ziyisebenzise i-20 Brigade kupakwe i zam anti-itanki. Eli qela liye na ilahleko, kodwa kwanyanzeleka ukuba aphume emotweni. Yaba enye izicelo lokuqala isixhobo esitsha.

itanki ezikhulu njenge ibonisa imfundiso Soviet zomkhosi

Le nto shishino zomkhosi eyenziwayo ngenxa yesizathu. Kunzima ukucinga imeko apho I. V. Stalin ke abayili izithuthi vehicles kunye, lifutha kwi inqawe yakhe, uthi: "Kwaye yenza kum umzuzu itanki enzima. I ngokwenene uyayifuna. Ziimfuno at me ... ". Kulo mzekelo, akukho namnye kurhulumente akanayo imali ngokwaneleyo ukuhlangabezana msebenzi ungxamisekileyo yokukhusela imida yayo. Hayi, yonke imisebenzi ebekwe kwi yesicelo kwimizobo, ziye esivakalayo.

Yila ngumatshini wokulwa ukuba luyaziphumelela iimfuno zale mihla ukuba izikhali ukubetha, yaqala ekuqaleni 1939, ukwenza isigqibo iKomiti YePhondo woKhuselo, eyamkelwa ngo December 1938. Ngokutsho imfundiso umkhosi eSoviet Union, ukulwa kwimeko okwa- (kwaye ezilindelekileyo) kwempi iza kuphuhliswa kwintsimi utshaba phantsi kwenkcaso yayo lukhuni kwibakala lokuqala. ungquzulwano ubhalo Loo wawufuna iindlela ezithile zobugcisa, ngoko ke abayili banikwa efanayo TK. Ingongoma kukuba ngenxa iintanda ububanzi kwi imigca Uyalwa kuzoyisa phambili units ezinkulu, baxhotyiswa kukukhanya tanki fast BT-iklasi, bakwazi ukudlulela kwiindlela ngesantya esiphezulu. Nale meko kungenzeka, kunye epheleleyo umoya ukongama, uloyiso waqinisekiswa kunye ilahleko engephi.

Qala imisebenzi yoyilo

Wabakhokela uyilo itanki QMS zh. Ya. Kotin, uMyili eyiNtloko iLeningrad laseKirov mveliso. Igama isikhumbuzo inkokheli kutshanje ababuleweyo, intloko mbutho iqela, "nelaye lasisiseko revolution." Enye imoto yaphuhliswa phantsi kobunkokheli A. Ermolaeva kwinani mveliso ekufuphi 185, oko ngokuba T-100. Ingcingane yoyilo kwaloo minyaka waba zodidi, ingakumbi, enye indlela eyintloko iqhinga, baphahlwe apho kwicandelo umlilo kungaba setyhula. E SMK waba mkhulu kakhulu ubunzima, kwaye endaweni ezinde ezintathu isigqibo ukuseka ezimbini ukuphucula ukusebenza aphilileyo kunye nokubhukisha.

Noko ke, kungekudala emva kokuqalisa komsebenzi weprojekthi iqela baqeqeshwayo izidanga Wammen (Military Academy of koomatshini kunye motorisation) kubo. Stalin ekhokelwa yi NF Shashmurina, isindululo ukuya phambili: ukususa Tower enye ngaphezulu (apho iingcali luye lwafumana kakhulu), faka i-diesel endaweni iinjini epetroli nokunciphisa kwisisu semoto kwi roller ezimbini. Enyanisweni, iqela ungaziva weza kweli ziko, nto leyo eye yaba yakudala kwiminyaka emininzi ngaphambi oogxa babo amazwe, baye bamkela ingcamango kuphela ngamahlanu.

Ngoko ke wazalwa eSoviet KV-1 itanki.

Ukususela nomzobo metal

Vuyisa njengomyili itanki iMono-inqaba ethunywe ehamba N. L. Duhovu. Ekhumbuza ukuba kulibaziseka wawuyingozi kwiminyaka Stalin, namhla akukho mntu kufuneka. Nayiphi kulibaziseka kunokubangela i shift ukuya umsebenzi ngaphantsi ophezulu, xa ibhatyi quilted kunye isarha okanye izembe. umyili Oyintloko ooMoya comrade KV ukumelana nalo msebenzi. Ngu Agasti kumatanki enzima KV kunye QMS thina zalungiselelwa kwaye thaca kwiKomiti State, yaye umhlaba ebonisa Septemba Kubinka bangcangcazela ukubharhula iinjini kwi show imifuziselo ezintsha. Ngokulinganayo Bakhawuleza, wathabatha elowo ukwamkelwa kwabo kwinkonzo, ukuba sele 'iphulo inkululeko i "eFinland, kwaye le ndlela kwakubalulekile. Abayili nomdla ngobuchule yophuhliso. Itanki 'Klim Voroshilov "wangena edabini.

Njani le HF-2

Mannerheim line iyaqina ngokupheleleyo. Ngokungafaniyo Maginot French, waphumla emiphethweni zonxweme (ngasentshonalanga Gulf of Finland, empuma ka Ladoga), kwaye ngeenxa kwakungenakwenzeka. iinqaba nezakhiwe ngobuchule, ngezinga eliphezulu lokuzimela kwaye zonke izibonelelo eziyimfuneko ukuziphendulela. Ngokubanzi, KV itanki enzima abonisa kakuhle ngokwakhe, kodwa ubukhulu gun 76 mm akuzange ukwahlukana izakheko ufakelo lwesamente, umaleko ezifihlakeleyo zomhlaba. into Kufuneka olusebenzayo, umzekelo, 152 mm howitzer, nto leyo esele kwinkonzo, kwakufuneka ukuba itrektara itrekta enamandla yokuhamba yayo. Leningrad abayili has umngeni omtsha: ukudibanisa izinto ezimbini ezibalulekileyo, kunaso kunye semoto umkhondo, kodwa ukuqinisekisa ukuthembeka ukukhusela abasebenzi ukusuka abasebenzi gun. Ngoko kwabakho kV-2 itanki-bhe, ekujongwe ukuba awadubadube naziphi iinqaba.

Kweli xesha interwar

I-Finnish War, nangona liliphalaza igazi elimsulwa, laphela ngokukhawuleza, kodwa, nangona oku, imveliso koomatshini enzima, kuquka uhlobo zokungqinga okuqhubekayo. Ekubeni Februwari 1940 Tank "Klim Voroshilov" kwiinguqulelo ezimbini Ingaqhaliswa nge ngothotho kwi LB (iLeningrad laseKirov mveliso), yaye ukususela ngoJuni CTZ (eChelyabinsk sisityalo ekuthiwa itrektara). Nentshiseko ngaloo minyaka iphezulu kakhulu, indibano yokuqala HF phambene liphuma evenkileni kungekudala, nokwakha lukwazi isakhiwo eyahlukileyo, ubukhulu leyo ebonisa ithuba enkulu kakhulu. Asizange siyeke umsebenzi noyilo amaqela, lo gama kuthathelwa ukuphucula intsebenzo yobuchule nokusombulula iziphene yachongwa ngexesha umlo. Xa ekwindla ka amane mayibonakale iisampulu ezimbini ezintsha ngezakhe enzima 90 mm kunye izixhobo zokudubula ezinamandla ngakumbi (85 mm ukuvuleka, okuye nokuba ayikwazanga nokuphupha zidlula liphela). Ekupheleni konyaka kwacetywa nenye ingxilimbela, eli xesha kunye nokhuseleko mm-100. Aba matshini luphuhliso ngasese, zibizwa izinto 220, 221 no 222. Ukuze kungekho mntu waziyo ...

Ukuthelekisa anokubanakho utshaba

Ngowe-1941, oko izicwangciso ukuvelisa 1200 oomatshini enzima, ingakumbi HF-1 - 400 HF-2 - 100 (yaba umsebenzi okhethekileyo kakhulu, kunye nemfuneko kuba ngezantsi) kunye HF-3 - iziqwenga ezininzi kangangoko 500. Kwaye kuphela eLeningrad! Enye iiyunithi 200 kwafuneka ukunika CTZ. Ngowe-1949, itanki enzima KV-1 kunye KV-2 supercarrier kwakhona lwavelisa iingxelo, kwaye inani elikhulu (243). Yonke i Red Army, kwakukho 636. A kakhulu okanye kancinci? mbali Soviet, echaza izizathu sisihelegu kwehlobo ka-1941, zivakalise umbono wokuba kwamatanki mihla singenakho. Noko ke, belibele ukukhankanya into yokuba Wehrmacht wawela umda waseUSSR, ukuba ekuchithweni kwayo neetanki ngaphezu kwamawaka amathathu kancinane, yaye zonke, ngaphandle kokukhetha, base. Ngaphezu koko, igama elitsha nzima kakhulu. blitzkrieg yaseYurophu ke, Kakade, fun hamba, kodwa injini zange abakhathalele, yena uthwala kwanaxa eqhuba osemendweni kuhle kakhulu. Car ethathwe eFransi eCzechoslovakia, kakhulu, akazange aye nayiphi uthelekiso nkqu lula BT wethu. ERomania, njengehlakani ku Germany, yaye yambethe kwaphela "Renault 17" (17 - Lo nyaka, we-1917), kwi-USSR, kukho 2 zinto, baba kwiimyuziyam.

Kanti ke, ngoku lixesha lokuba ukhumbule ukuba kuphela ivelisa kwamatanki onzima eSoviet Union. Kwakukho avareji nabo, T-34, intle ehlabathini, yaye zazakhiwe ekhuthele kakhulu. Kwaye ukukhanya, benza inani nanto iikopi. Kwaye phezu iingalo, kunye nokukhuselwa nezikrweqe, iinjini yokusebenza (ubukhulu becala, ngasendleleni, idizili, B-2, ebekungekho namnye unako kungekho mntu wumbi ehlabathini ukuphinda kuyo emfazweni) ukuba zagqitha indlela Wehrmacht. KV yiSoviet njengokuba yoo-1941 ongenayo analogue.

design

Ngelo xesha ke AMAGQABAZA ▸ zokuqala kunokwenzeka mveliso kwitanki eSoviet uvunyelwe ukusebenzisa ubugcisa eziphambili. Malunga nayiphi na amalungu riveted yaye, ukuba kwabalelwa kuye, ityala yenziwa ukuwelda. Kukwasebenza kwanjalo kuyo le uqoqo, nto leyo ngcono ngokusebenzisa tselnolitevoy indlela. Ububanzi iipleyiti isikrweqe 75 mm. uyilo ukuguqulwa ubunakho ukuvumela ukuba lande kakhulu ekukhuseleni mm ukuya kwi-105 ngokufaka ezongezelelweyo broneekranov nezitshixo zalo, kodwa 1941 namnye umpu German-ibhodi kwaye ngaphandle wayengakwazi wabetha KV-1 itanki.

Iskim jikelele yaba classic izithuthi Soviet vehicles kwesiqingatha sesibini banesifo (kamva yamkelwa njengomzekelo iinjineli kulo lonke ihlabathi): ukosuleleka ngasemva, ngaphandle nesibili bendiza, yakuthobela bokubi, idizili unaMandla nemipu ukuvuleka 76 mm (L-11, F-32, yaye kamva ZIS -5).

chassis

Injini V-2K njengentliziyo lo matshini, umthamo walo 500 hp ngesantya injini ka 1800 rpm / s. Multi-plate transmission zochuku iimpazamo uyilo, oko kudla wakhanyela, kuba bekungekamiswa yenzelwe ukuba ukunyanzela kufuneka utshintshe isantya umatshini enzima njengoko KV (ubunzima bakhe ngaphaya iitoni 47), ingakumbi iigiyeri ezimbini zokuqala (bekukho 5).

Isiseko kwisisu semoto wakhonza njengoko torsion zokumiswa ngamnye amavili yendlela omncinane (kwakukho ezintandathu kwicala ngalinye). Imibungu unokukhawuleza bayiyeka ezongezelelweyo izileyi axhasayo, izileyi, ezintathu nganye. De 1942 ukuba zagutyungelwa ngerabha ukunciphisa ingxolo, kodwa ngenxa yokunqongophala izinto kulo "kubunewunewu" kwafuneka ukuba uyekwe. Imibungu baye ububanzi (700 mm) ukunciphisa umthwalo ezithile emhlabeni.

izikhali

Amava inyathelo nxamnye notshaba lithemba, sendikulungele ukuya kulwa itanki ibhotile Molotov cocktails, wabeka nemfuneko entsha - ukukwazi ukwenza uthotho belengalenga umlilo. Ukusombulula le ngxaki, lo matshini kufakwa ezintathu umatshini-umpu, elinye eyayithunyelwe umva ukukhusela gumbi injini. Enye umatshini gun uqoqo leyo, obugutyungelwe ekuhlaseleni emoyeni. indawo ekhululekileyo yangaphakathi zizaliswe iimbumbulu ergonomically, kwanele ukuqhuba ende olunzima (135 rounds and 2770 rounds). Sixhobo Ukuchaneka inika izixhobo enombala eziquka izinto (TOD-6 iteleskopu, periscope PT-6). Le umphathi linike ithuba ukujonga imboniselo eyiyo. Xa itanki kwishedyuli yokulwa abantu abahlanu, banakho ukunxibelelana intercom, unxibelelwano lwangaphandle inikwa irediyo ephathwayo 71-TK-3 okanye IOP.

Phantse ton-48 into enkulu linokufikelela ngesantya-34 km / h yaye ubomi inkonzo km 250. Nantso lukhulu.

Ekuqaleni imfazwe enkulu

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba imfazwe yaqala ngo iimeko ezimbi kakhulu USSR. Kwelinye icala, ifuthe amaNazi lalumkisa imithombo eyahlukeneyo lobuntlola, kwelinye icala, oko nje engenangqondo kakhulu. Ukuba xi bemikhosi German izinga yayisaziwa, kuba kwakungekho ngasese kunye nokuba mathidala le Wehrmacht kulwa yiSoviet Union, waye engenanto yokwambatha eshushu kunye amafutha ebandayo ezingatshiyo. Kunjalo, uHitler wanika umyalelo ukuhlasela imida zethu, kwaye kukho inani elikhulu ezingafunwayo Soviet wamajoni zatshatyalaliswa okanye kwikhompyutha umhlaseli. KV kwabangela nothuke, njengoko kwi German Umyalelo kunye namajoni eMpuma Front. kanye phambi kotshaba ngathi ndiyingwenya na, nangona advance ngempumelelo nzulu eSoviet Union, kwakhokelela ingqiqo ngokungacacanga backwardness zabo zobugcisa. Ngokumangala baseJamani zicingeleka wayithimba omkhulu howitzer nza KV-2 zabo, kwaye ndafumanisa ukuba iingingqi ezikufuphi ye kV-1 ukunqanda imikhosi ophezulu phambili nomkhosi. Enye ingxaki impumelelo buthathaka ezi ezilo amadabi ukuzithethelela. Ukuba kakubi kuyimfuneko ukuba 'umsi "utshaba ngaphandle imisele, ngoko bakhwela isikhokelo le projectile - oku kanye le nto uyifunayo. iwela omlilo phezu kwentloko ehleli amajoni emaphempeni evela ezulwini, yaye akukho ndawo ukuzimela. Kodwa reflection nokuhlaselwa kufuneka flatness olumanyanisiweyo ukuba cheba phambili chain kunye ugwayimbo nobuchule. Oku okwaba engenamsebenzi njengoko imiphunga, kunye namatanki esisinda ngaphezulu. ESoviet Union ibingakulungelanga ukuziphendulela.

iingcali Wehrmacht emkhosini, Kakade, wayiqonda into kwakuthetha izixhobo kwikhompyutha. isifundo lwayo, ukongeza ulwazi ngamandla kushishino wokhuselo yiSoviet, wenza kube lula ukwenza kunye nezinye iziphumo. Nokumisa kwakhe injongo kukaStalin ukuhlasela Jamani KV. Photo of ezonakeleyo izixhobo zokungqinga vehicles ezisetyenzisiweyo kunye Goebbels 'ubuxoki njengobungqina ngxwaba kwiBolsheviks. Ezinye Wehrmacht wayithimba wasebenzisa umatshini iimfuno zabo.

imiphunga wt kunye nezinye iisampuli zobugcisa ekhubekisayo kungekudala asuswe imveliso njengoko okungeyomfuneko kule meko. Bebonke isiphelo sinye and transport 152mm howitzer. Kwabonakala ukuba isiphelo enjalo sonke sehlelwa "Klim Voroshilov". Kodwa imbali kugqitywe ngenye indlela. Ngaphandle kwento yokuba lweetanki series KV phantse kuzo zonke iinkalo elingezantsi T-34, imveliso yabo waqhubeka nkqu iLeningrad ongqingiweyo. Ngenxa yezizathu ezicacileyo, ukwenza umjikelo inkqubo yokwakhiwa ngokutsha kwakungenakwenzeka apha, kwaye phambi vehicles babefuna, ukuze koomatshini ukukhululwa nje guququ, waze wakhela phezulu ngokudibanisa izityalo intsimbi kunye Izhora. Ngokufanayo senze yaye "Tankograd" isixeko saseChelyabinsk. Ubunzima nge injini B-2: amandla eziphambili imveliso phambi kwempi yaba eKharkov, yaye awayephantsi kwamaNazi. Kule ubunzima ngokumisela injini ipetroli M-17, nto leyo, Kakade ke, kunciphise combat amakhono ubuchwepheshe.

"C" lithetha "fast"

Ngaphandle kwento yokuba imo yakutshanje ekulweni bubandakanya ukupha up nesezantsi isantya vehicles, itanki imbali KV-1 alukapheli. Xa ezininzi iintsilelo le moto, yaye waba iingenelo ezicacileyo, ezifana nokhuseleko okulungileyo permeability eliphezulu. Low uphawu Isantya kwezixhobo zokungqinga, wenza iinzame aziqhelanise iimpawu "Klimov" ukuya kushenxa kwithafa ledabi mihla. Kubonakele KV-1C, leyo ngobuninzi sehle ku-42.5 m. Ngaba lafikelela "ukuqaqamba" isikrweqe ukuxozwa, imibungu kunye nokunciphisa sithintelo loo projectiles iimbumbulu 94 (kamva-114). Kwaye uthathe ingqalelo amabango wamajoni gearbox, ukuba indawo ephelele ngaphezulu. itanki Medium nangoku asiphumelelanga, T34 ubunzima kancinane neetoni ezingama-30, yaye isityalo efanayo amandla kwaba moya esebenza kakhulu ngakumbi. Zize zifakwe igama ileta "C" lithetha "fast".

kwezinye iinguqulelo

Ngo-Agasti 1942, wangena isampuli entsha kwezithuthi vehicles, yiku-85. Yaba ukuguqulwa olugqithiseleyo efanayo KV-1C, umahluko kule umpu ukuvuleka uqoqo (kwi umpu DT-5, kucacile amagama abo, yaba 85 mm), ukunciphisa inani labasebenzi kubantu abane (kwaba gunner ezingeyomfuneko), sokunciphisa nezikhali lo gama kugcinwe kwisisu semoto efanayo. Ende lwaqhutywa yi ekhupha.

Kwakukho nezinye esizama ukusebenzisa macala kwicala ngempumelelo. Ngokusekelwe ngemipu yabo esingazihambeliyo zakhiwa, qha wadala "vehicles", bexhobe ngemipu ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu calibers ezahlukahlukeneyo (CV-7), howitzers-122 mm U-11. Emva koloyiso Moscow, kwacaca ukuba ekhubekisayo alinakuze, kwaye kwakhona wathabatha iisampuli izixhobo ekhubekisayo. KV-8 nangaphandle efana kakhulu kwase, kwaye nkqu silhouette bakhe efanisiweyo ngenxa lwemenu ezizodwa esibonisa umphanda zokudubula, kodwa kwaba flamethrower. Umpu kwi inqaba kananjalo uNothozamile ngaloo mihla "EP,".

Zikho nezinye iintlobo izixhobo oluncediswayo ngokusekelwe isisu semoto HF: Ukufunyanwa edabini ezonakeleyo izithuthi kunye iitrektara.

HP no "Tiger"

itanki KV isiphelo waba ngokwembali asiphumelelanga kakhulu. Kwisiqingatha sokuqala kwemfazwe, waba kancinci kwimfuno, kwakufuneka ayibobuchule kakhulu ezahlukeneyo, yaye xesha Incedisa amajoni Soviet kwi isigqibo ekhubekisayo lixesha. Kukho zinzima omtsha IS amatanki, iimpawu apho nayo ngamazinga kunye iimpawu HF, njengoko Iosifa Stalina ubunzima yezopolitiko wayephakamile isiphumo Political Bureau of the "igosa yokuqala ebomvu".

Ekuveleni-1942 no-1943, onke amaJamani wabonakala "Tiger". Lo matshini Zazimbalwa kakhulu kwaye inzima, kwisisu semoto yayo ngaphantsi inokuthenjwa nangaphezu koko of HF, kodwa umpu-88 mm wamnika ithuba ukubetha iithagethi ngamandla vehicles mgama, akazange avumele ukuba babuyele umlilo. NgoFebruwari 1943, usuku olunye iLeningrad wabulala 10 HF-1, apho wadutyulwa evela kude ezintathu "Tiger". Ukususela ngo-1943, imveliso yabo iphele.

Igalelo lakhe Ukoyisa amatanki KV ndisenawo, kunye nobungqina zoku amangcwaba amaninzi sakhiwe imbeko zidlula zethu kwizixeko ezininzi apho wahlasela a nokulwa shaft somlilo. Khumbuza kanye umatshini lindi le ubuqhawe abasebenzi ngasemva, Cova abawinileyo ikrele kunye nokuzinikela esondela iholide yethu eliqaqambileyo.