AmaHighesi aseRashiya kunye nokuxhaphaza kwabo. IiHighesi zeRussia Federation

Ubuchule bokwenene bokwenene namakhono amaninzi kubonakala kwixesha elinzima kwilizwe, kuluntu, umntu othile. Ngoko kukho amaqhawe. Aba bantu bakhunjulwa ixesha elide, bacaciswa njengomzekelo kwisizukulwana esincinane. Kwenzeka kuyo yonke indawo. Amagorha amaninzi aseRashiya kunye nokuxhaphaza kwawo ashiya ingqalelo engaqondakaliyo kwimbali yelizwe labo nakwihlabathi. Ngamnye wabo ufanelwe ukuhlonela kunye nokuhlonipha, kunye nesizukulwana esincinane sikhumbule kwaye sibone umzekelo kubo.

Zonke izenzo zobuqhawe zaseRashiya azizange zenze uzuko lwazo, kodwa ngenxa yeemeko kunye nemfuneko. Kukho kubo isibindi sohlanga, ukungabi nabugovu kunye nothando olungapheliyo kumntu uhlala.

Isihloko esithi "Hero yeSoviet Union"

Ngowe-1934, ngo-Ephreli, ibhaso elona liphezulu liye lamiselwa, linikezelwa ukulungiswa okukhethekileyo. Le yayisiyintloko yeHero ye-USSR, kunye kunye naye banikezwa umvuzo wempahla-i-Gold Star medal. Okukugqibela kwakwenziwe ngegolide, kwakubonakala ngathi yinkwenkwezi eneenkcukacha ezintlanu, ngasemva kwayo yabhalwa ngokuthi "Hero ye-USSR." Kwakhona ibhendi ebomvu (20 mm ububanzi).

Uluhlu lwamagorha aseSoviet Union afunyenwe le nkwenkwezi lwasungulwa ngaphaya kwelokuba igosa ngokwalo livunyiwe. Ngexesha lokubonakala kwayo (ngo-Oktobha 16, 1939), le nqanaba lekhetho sele lifunyenwe ngabantu abaninzi. Kwakhona, kunye neendondo zegolide zeHero ye-USSR, uMyalelo weLenin wanikezelwa kwakhona .

Ngokuba banike isihloko esithi Hero of the Soviet Union

Ukuze ukwazi ukufumana le ngoma kunye nebala, bekufuneka ukuba wenze umdlalo welizwe okanye uluntu-ngokwabo okanye ngokubambisana. Umntu unokunikezelwa ngaphezu kweyodwa (abo bafumana inkwenkwezi ngezihlandlo ezine). Kakade ke, amaqhawe ayenjalo.

Abo baqhuba i-feat bafumana kabili inkwenkwezi yesibini. Kwaye nakwilizwe lalo mntu uhlaselo lwebhedu lufakwe. Ukususela ngowe-1973, wanikezelwa iSibini seLenin ngesibhozo sesibini.

Abo babanikezelwa kwesi sihloko kunye neenkwenkwezi ngeyesithathu, bafumana enye enye, inkwenkwezi yesithathu. Ukongezelela, umyalelo wawubhalwe malunga nokwakhiwa komgudu eMoscow. Nangona kunjalo, eli nqaku alizange liphunyezwe.

Amabhaso okuqala ayebanjwe ngexesha langaphambi kwemfazwe. Kwenzeke ngo-Ephreli 20, 1934, xa abaqhubi abasixhenxe abanikezela ngoncedo olukhulu ekulondolozeni i-icebreaker "iChelyuskin". Emva koko, wonke umntu owenze into engavamile kwaye ebalaseleyo, ebonise isibindi nobuchule, wamkela eli bhaso. Ngaloo ndlela, zonke izenzo zobuqhawe zaseRashiya zenziwa xa zifuneka ukuba zenze into ethile ngenzuzo yelizwe okanye uluntu. Ewe, oku akuthethi ukuba wonke umntu owamkele iibhaso, wenza le nyathelo ukuze athole inkwenkwezi. Bonke babenza umsebenzi wabo nje.

Ukunikezelwa ngesihloko seHero yeSoviet Union

Uluhlu lwamagorha aseSoviet Union lukhulu kakhulu. Ewe, ininzi yalabo bafumana ibhaso bayifumana kanye kuphela. Babengu-12,617 abantu. Nangona kunjalo, kukho abantu abaye banikezelwa eli bhinqa ezimbini, ezintathu okanye ezine. Ukususela ekubeni ibhaso lenziwa ngexesha lemfazwe, abaninzi banamkela emva kweenkonzo zabo.

Abemi be-USSR abafumana ibhaso ezine, kuphela ezimbini. Eyokuqala kuloluhlu kwakunguZhukov Georgiy Konstantinovich. Wamkela iinkwenkwezi ngo-1939, 1944, ngo-1945 no-1956. Ibhaso lokuqala uZhukov lafunyanwa kwinqanaba lesigqeba, kwaye abanye abathathu sele besesigxina se-Soviet Union.

ULeonid Ilyich Brezhnev wanikwa kwakhona amaxesha amane. Wamkela amabhaso ngo-1966, 1976, 1978 no-1981. Iyokuqala yafunyanwa kwinqanaba leLieutenant General, kwaye la ndelayo-kwisikhundla se-marshal yeSoviet Union.

Izihlandlo ezintathu zanikezwa "i-Golden Star" kuphela abantu abathathu. NguMarshal weSoviet Union Semyon Mikhailovich Budyonny, kunye nabaqhubi beenqwelo-moya Ivan Nikitovich Kozhedub no-Alexander Ivanovich Pokryshkin. UKozhedub kunye nePokryshkin bafumana ibhaso ngexesha leMfazwe Yehlabathi yesiBini, kunye noBudyonny sele sele beyilandela.

Izihlandlo ezimbini ezivuzwayo nge "Golden Star" babengabantu abayi-154. Izixeko ezilishumi elinambini zanikezwa nesimo se "Hero City", kunye neBrest Fortress - "Fort Fortress".

Ukubonakala kwebhaso "Hero of the Russian Federation"

Emva kokuwa kweSoviet Union ukubuyisela eli bhaso linye. Ngomhla wama-20 ku-Matshi 1992 kwakhiwe isihloko seHero yeRussia Federation, kwakunye ne-award-correspondence-"Medal Star". Okukugqibela kuyenziwe ngegolide, kubonakala njengeenkwenkwezi ezinamahlanu, emva kwayo kukho umbhalo othi "Hero of Russia". Kwakhona, indondo ine-ribbon of flowers yeflegi yaseRashiya. Ibhaso linikezwa ngumongameli kanye kuphela.

Amaqhawe okuqala aseRashiya ase-Bourgeois, ahlukumezwayo awakwaziwa kwiindawo ezibanzi, wathabatha indondo yabo ngo-Ephreli 11, 1992. Kukho ababini kubo, omnye wabo wathabatha eli bhaso kunye nomhlobiso emva koko. Inombolo yeMedal enye inikwe i-SK Krikalev. Ngenxa yokuba wachitha ixesha elide kwisikhululo se-Mir. Ngexesha lakhe kwakukho irekhodi. Inombolo yesibini ibhaso yanikezelwa emva kweSulambek SO. Ngenxa yokuba kwiindleko zobomi bakhe walondoloza indawo ehlala kuyo abantu besuka kwi-crash ye-moya ngenxa yekhnoloji eyayingaphumeleli kuyo.

Enye yezinto ezinomxholo wokufumana umvuzo: nangona uKrikalev wathola inombolo yombasa, kodwa umyalelo wokunikezela inkwenkwezi kuSulambek ngaphambili. Abanye bathi inkokheli ayifuni ukuba ibhaso lokuqala liza kubhalwa emva kwexesha.

Ziziphi iinkonzo onokufumana umvuzo weHero waseRashiya

AmaHarusi aseRashiya kunye nokuxhaphaza kwabo ukuza kuthi baninzi, malunga nabantu abayiwaka (ngokwemigangatho esemthethweni). Nika le ngcamango iimfuno ezikhethekileyo phambi koluntu nelizwe. Uninzi lwabafumanayo lwamkela kwinkonzo yempi. Baye bathatha inxaxheba kwiMfazwe ePhambili yePatriotic (malunga nekhulu labantu), abaye banikezelwa ngesi sihloko ngelo xesha. Ngokuqhelekileyo wonk 'ubani wayifumene ngasemva.

Kwakhona, inani elikhulu labo bafumana isihloko seHero yeRussian Federation babenxaxheba kwimfazwe yaseChechnya (malunga namahlanu abantu). Ngendlela, abemi abaninzi babe nesimo sengqondo esilungeleleneyo kwimfazwe, ngoko, mhlawumbi, kuya kufanayo kwi-award. Ubuncinane kwiSoviet Union kukho isimo sengqondo esahlukileyo kwesi sihloko.

Kwakhona, isihloko seHero seRussia Federation sinikezelwa ngamagosa eengqondi, amadoda asejoni ayenze imisebenzi engekho kwimimandla yokulwa, kunye nabemi abasebenza njengabahlanguli, abahloli, ama-cosmonauts.

Abo babenkonzweni yempi abafumene ibhaso

Uninzi lwabantu abanesibindi banomkhosi waseRashiya. Amaqhawe kunye nokuxhaphaza apha bathatha indawo ekhethekileyo, kuba phantse bonke abantu bafumana inkwenkwezi empini, baninzi banikezelwa ngokugqithiseleyo. Sibhala ezinye zazo:

1. UDmitry Vorobiev. Ndamkela ibhaso lam kwiminyaka engamashumi amabini anesihlanu, ngo-2000. Oku kwenzeka ngexesha lokusebenza e-Chechnya.
2. Oleg Tibekin. Yamkela ibhaso emva kwe-2000. Isifuba sakhe sasigubungela abantu abafudukayo, kwaye wadutshulwa kufuphi kufuphi neGrozny.
3. Valentin Padalka. Ibhaso linikezelwa ngo-1994, xa izigandagamba zathatha abantwana besikolo eRostov kwaye zifuna i-helicopter. Wayekho ekhanda. Ndiyabulela ubuchule bakhe, onke amaxhoba ahlala ephila.

Ngokuqinisekileyo, oku akunjalo nakubantu bonke abajongene nenkonzo yempi, owenza isenzo sobuqhawe. ERashiya kuninzi abantu abanesibindi abaya kwenza konke okusemandleni ukugcina ubomi babanye.

Abantu abahlali abafumana ibhaso

Isihloko esithi "IHero yeRussian Federation" ayifumanekanga kuphela ngumntu ofanelekileyo kwinkonzo yempi, kodwa nangomntu oqhelekileyo ongenalo isikhundla sempi. Kuza kube namhlanje, abantu abayi-134 banikezelwe.

Umnini wokuqala "weNkwenkwezi ye-Golden Star" yabahlali be-Nurdin Usamov. Ngomnyaka ka-2003, wanikwa umvuzo wokubonisa isibindi nobuqhawe ngexesha lokusebenza komsebenzi wakhe. Kwangaphantsi kobunkokheli bakhe bokubuyiselwa kwamandla kwi-post-war Chechnya. Yonke imisebenzi yenzeke ingozi ebomini beenjini zogunyaziso, kwaye kwenziwa iinzame ezimbini malunga ne-Usamov.

Lawa angamaqhawe aseRashiya, kwaye ukuxhaphaza kwabo kusenza sicinge ngobomi namandla omoya wabantu, malunga nezo zenzo esinokuzenza, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezithile abazange baziphathe.

Abantu abaye banikezelwa ngamabhaso kumazwe amabini (iRashiya kunye ne-USSR)

Ekuhlanganyeleni kwamaxesha ekukho kwala mazwe amabini, xa elinye ibhaso lishiya, kwaye okwesibini kwasungulwa, abanye bafumana i-award yesibini-i-Hero ye-USSR kunye neHero yeRussian Federation. Kukho bambalwa abemi, abane kuphela.

1. Sergei Konstantinovich Krikalev. I-cosmonaut eyaziwayo ehlabathini, onamagosa amaninzi eengcali. Ngowe-1989, ngexesha apho i-Soviet Union yayisaphila, waba yindoda yakhe kwaye wayinikezwa indondo yeGold Star. Ngomnyaka we-1992, waba ngumnikazi wokuqala wendondo efanayo kwilizwe elitsha, iRussia Federation.
2. Valery Vladimirovich Polyakov. Nangona yena ugqirha ngemfundo yakhe, wathola ama-astronaut. Eyokuqala ngo-1989, yaba yiHero yeSoviet Union. Ngomnyaka ka-1995, wenza irekhodi yendiza kwiinkqubo zobunzima be-Mir, ubude beentsuku ezingama-437. Kuza kube yimini, eli lirekhodi. Kwakungenxa yakhe eyamkela ibhaso leHero yeRussian Federation.
3. Nikolai Sainovich Maidanov. Wayeyindwendwe elidumileyo le-helicopter eyamkela amabini amabhaso emfazweni. Ngo-1988 wanikezelwa ngesihloko seHero ye-USSR. Ngo-2000 wathola ibhaso leHero yeRussian Federation, kodwa sele ivele emva kwayo.
4. Artur Nikolayevich Chilingarov. Umhloli wama-polar owaziwayo, ososayensi. Kwaye kwithuba elithile wayebandakanyeka kwimisebenzi yezopolitiko. Ngo-1986 wafumana isihloko seHero ye-USSR. Ibhaso linikezelwa ngokusebenza komsebenzi onzima. Ngo-2008, ndafumana iHero yeRussia Federation yokuqhuba uhambo olwandle olunzulu.

Zonke iH Heroes zeSoviet Union, iiHighes zaseRashiya zinobukroti nabemi abanesibindi belizwe labo. Ngamnye wabo wenza iimeko ezinzulu ezibonakalayo, ebonisa ubuqhawe bakhe kunye nobuchule.

Izinto ezenziwa ngabantu abaqhelekileyo

Abemi abaninzi, nangona abazange bamkele umvuzo weHero waseRashiya, kunjalo kunjalo. Lawa awona maqhawe exesha lethu. Ukuxhaphazwa kwabantu abaqhelekileyo kaninzi kunzima, kodwa ezintliziyweni zabathandekayo bahlala ngonaphakade. Ngokomzekelo, uZhenya Tabakov, ngubani oyena mfana onqabileyo waseRussia kunye nomnini we-Order of Courage. Wamkela emva kokumkhusela udade wakhe kwixhoba. Ngonyaka ka-2009 wanikezwa uMyalelo, owanikwa unina.

AmaHighters aseRashiya kunye neentlobo zabo zintando. Kufuneka ukhumbule ngabo, musa ukulibala. Khumbula kwaye ungazazi kuphela amaqhawe asekudlulileyo, kodwa nabo bahlala kwikhoyo, abo banikela ubomi kwizizukulwana ezizayo. Ngaloo ndlela kuphela esinokuba namandla amakhulu ngokwenene, afanelekileyo onke amaqhawe ayo.