Sviatopolk I of Kiev. History of Rus Intshabalalo yaMandulo 'iirula, iinkosana

Imbali Russia uyazazi iimeko ezininzi fratricide. I Vladimir efanayo, uyise (yaye ngokutsho kwezinye imithombo - umalume) Svyatopolk wabulala umninawa wakhe Jaropolk, yaye ngelo xesha xa inkosikazi yakhe kakhulu ukhulelwe yaye igama elithi Red Sun Sviatopolk isimaphambili kwigama - esingelwe - mna mhlawumbi ngenxa inani labazalwana kwabafileyo. Bekukho ezintathu: Boris, Gleb kunye Svyatoslav.

Abalawuli yokuqala Russia

Prince Svyatopolk, ngokutsho kwabanye, yaba noVladimir I na unyana, nomtshana, njengoko Red Sun ngoko watshata ngumhlolokazi Jaropolk, yiJulia intokazi zamaGrike wabulawa, yaye likhulelwe kunye nenye fratricide. Eneneni, Svyatopolk ukuba onke amalungelo kwitrone of Kiev, nendlela Putin, ngokuba ngunyana omdala emva kokufa Vysheslav nendlela Yaropolkovich ngokuba ungunyana esemthethweni umlawuli osemthethweni of Kiev. Zonke ezi iinkosana ezinkulu aba abalawuli bokuqala Russian, imbali Russia waqalisa kuyo. Svyatopolk waye umzukulwana enkulu Rurik, abakhulu umzukulwana Igor no-Olga, Sviatoslav umzukulwana, nyana nomtshana ka Vladimir. Xa baba Rus wabhaptizwa, xa wakhula ukholo nande kulo ilizwe.

isimaphambili udumo igama

Kakade ke, ayizizo zonke kubo fratricide. Xa yemihla kunye nemithombo nembali Boris kunye Gleb ababephila zaye ezimnandi. Ngenxa kokufa iimpawu elimsulwa ephakamileyo, bazalwana-ukholo lamiselwa, yaye baba abangcwele yokuqala Russian. igazi labo wayeka isiphendu eRashiya. Kutheni abantu bambulala Sviatopolk I Kiev? Kutheni ibizwa ngokuba kunjalo? Kutheni ayidweliswanga phakathi abangcwele Svyatoslav, nje uwe ezandleni wogwetywa?

Igama elithi "phantsi" eRashiya yamandulo ine izithethantonye zilandelayo: abangahloneli Thixo, nabangaboni, ibandla wayilahla bamqalekisa. Oko kukuthi, ukuba Svyatopolk wamnika isiteketiso, yaye 'odumileyo' kuye iminyaka, ukuze ityala lakhe sabagqitha nomonde ngabantu. Sviatopolk I of Kiev waza waphila iminyaka engama-40 (wazalwa ngo-979-m, wafa ngowe-1019), Kievan Rus ulawula malunga nonyaka waza wahlala ezingqondweni zabantu njengoko abazalwana umbulali.

angamazi

Wakhulela njengonyana lweenkobe Vladimir yaye ebusa Turov, ikomkhulu eli ubulawuli ka Turov, ibekwe yintoni na ngoku Belarus. Kamva Red Sun wamnika nentolongo ilizwe drevlyan kunye Pinsk, oko kukuthi, njengokuba sibona, musa buhlungu kuye. Prince Turovskiy Svyatopolk kule wetrone kwabakho ummeli wokuqala uhlobo Rurik, yaye walawula apho ukususela 988. Yena svyatopolk ngokwakhe ngokuba yena unyana ka Jaropolk. imvelaphi yalo kubonakala egameni. Bonke abanye oonyana Vladimira Krestitelya ke amagama engcanjini "uzuko" imbeko uyisemkhulu Svyatoslav yakhe: Izyaslav kunye Vysheslav, Yaroslav kunye Mstislav. Kwaye igama Svyatopolk yegama lokuqala ibonisa ukuba utatomkhulu wakhe Svyatoslav ngokwenene noyise - Jaropolk. Ngokuqinisekileyo ayikho idatha echanekileyo, yaye umama ayisoloko ibonisa ukuba ungumGrike (ngamanye amaxesha wabhekisela Ceske ngubani umfazi wokuqala Vladimir). In "Tale of adlulileyo Iminyaka," ezibhaliweyo ngaye njengoko unyana zooyise amabini ngokuba "iziqhamo embi".

Umfazi-Catholic

Enye indlela okanye omnye, kodwa zonke izenzo iqhawe ibali lethu ibonisa ukuba akazange angathanda nayiphi na Vladimir, akukho bazalwana okanye noodade. Ngoko ke, ngo-1018 Sviatopolk I of Kiev wathabatha oodade zibulawa kaVan, oko kukuthi, omnye umfazi Vladimir kunye umzalwana wakhe Jarosław, kamva uWele Wise. Ukongeza, watshata okweqanda Polish, intombi ka-Boleslaw mna Wayengoyiki ngo 1015. Thina ladies waba ngumcebisi ngokomoya - kolbergsky Bishop Reinbern, nabo bonke waphupha kunye indibaniselwano Rus eRoma Catholic. Ukulungiselela le njongo kufuneka ukuba abawise Vladimir, ngubani benifudula wabulala uyise Svyatopolk kaThixo. Kodwa iyelenqe wazihluba ngumbingeleli Greek Anastas Korsun, ngubani ngexesha ubhaptizo Rus waye de facto inkokeli yeCawa Orthodox Russian.

Ukufezekiswa kwenjongo oyifunayo

Sviatopolk I of Kiev kunye nomfazi wakhe kunye nomcebisi wakhe owayebanjwe. U nga yi njani nomsindo ke emva kokufa Vladimir, nto leyo yenzekile July 15, 1015. Omnye kubazalwana wayengekho e Kiev, Svyatopolk uthatha ngesisa etroneni kwaye uba Grand Prince of Kiev. Akazange azamkele zonke izalamane zabo, kodwa isilwanyana katata - Boris - bamthiya ngolunya. abahlali Kyïv shoka him. Njengoko iphupha usisiqalekiso amandla, oko kugwetywa ukusuka kwinto yokuba, ehleli etroneni kuphela konyaka, wakwazi ukukhulula imali yayo - etempileni apho loo maqhosha esilivere kunye nombhalo lusisazinge macala lo mfanekiso: ". Svyatopolk phezu kwetafile"

umbulali yokugxeka

Kulo nyaka, imbulale abazalwana abathathu (abazazisayo bengengabo lomthonyama, kunye nesishwankathelo) - Rostov Prince Boris, yintandane yomkhosi kunye nabantu, Murom Prince Gleb kunye Drevlyanskogo Svyatoslava. Boris and Gleb baba ukuhlonela owahlukileyo nokuhlonipheka elula yabantu. Abazange ukuphulaphula ukukholisa, isangqa lwangaphakathi basabela a Svjatopolka umnxeba ubuxoki ngokufuna loxolelaniso. Hleb, ubengamazi ngokufa kayise, Sviatopolk ngokuqhelekileyo ngokuba igama Vladimir. Ke Boris kunye Gleb waqonda igunya Prince entsha of Kiev kwaye wathembisa kwelase imbeko kuye ibe ayeze uyise. Boris Uqalekisiwe babulawa ngenkohlakalo okhethekileyo. Svyatoslav wayefuna ukuba abalekele Hungary, kodwa umbulali wakhe wabanjwa khona. Mhlawumbi ngenxa yokuba inkani bazithoba Svyatopolk, icawa kwaye lamiselwa ukuba ingcwele.

obangela esingelwe phantsi

Sviatopolk I of Kiev zange alibazise umzuzu, ngendikubulele kunye Yaroslav, kodwa kwintlanganiso yokuqala phantsi Ljubech kwi Dnieper yoyiswa namahlelo aso onke, Jaroslav wathabatha Kiev.

Kodwa Uqalekisiwe, wabalekela uvavanyo, wabuya kuye, yaye amajoni Polish, ngubani phantsi kweliso Boleslaw mna Wayengoyiki wamoyisa Novgorod kwi Bug. Svyatopolk waphinda wathatha itrone Kiev. Kodwa le ndoda ngokucacileyo nabangekhoyo naziphi na iimpawu ezintle, kuquka umbulelo iyevakala; wagxothwa eKiev, umkhosi Polish ukuba wazibeka phezu yesibonelelo.

bajeziswe okubi

Jaroslav wabuyela Vikings ekugqibeleni ndahlukana zonke namahlakani Svyatopolk (eli xesha le Pechenegs) e Alta River, kufutshane indawo apho ukubulawa umzalwana wakhe Gleb Sviatopolk I Kiev. biography emfutshane iqulathe izibakala amayelenqe, betrayals, ookubulala ... yaye akukho nto inokwenziwa uyise Vladimir umBhaptizi umzalwana wakhe Yaroslav Izazi, ubuqaqawuli yelizwe Russian. ulwazi ngqo malunga nini, phi kwaye wafa, akukho ngayo. Legend yokuba xa ubaleka ukusuka edabini uKayin ziyageza waza wafa ethile entlango kumda iPoland eCzech Republic.

ongakhetha Unsubstantiated

Kukho iinguqulelo eziliqela, nto leyo ithi Svyatopolk kwavunyelwana, nokuba lokubulala ayinabantakwayo Boris kunye Gleb ulwalamano, bathi, kule meko Jaroslav izandla, ngubani ekuhleni wathetha ngokuchasene noyise. Ngaphambi kokufa kwakhe Vladimir wayelungiselela ukuba ahambe phezu Novgorod ukuba iyamcamagusha unyana enemvukelo, ngubani waphupha into - phambi kwabazalwana abadala - etroneni Kiev akazange ukuba. Kwaye Yaroslav wayefuna ukuvelela kakhulu. Ukongeza, igama elibi Svjatopolka waya phambili kubiza abantwana umthetheli, ngoxa kwakukho iseti ecacileyo yamagama generic njengenkosana apho ngaphandle "embi". Hi ndlela leyi, ku yaseScandinavia "Saga Edmund" iboniswe njengoko Jaroslav Boris umbulali. Kunzima kunjalo, ukucinga ukuba egxalabeni Yaroslav yaba ngaloo mihla, xa kungekho eendaba, ngokubulala abazalwana abathathu azinxibe kakuhle ityala Svyatopolk, ngubani na iminyaka emakhulu eliqela kucingwa ukuba uqalekisiwe umbulali Boris kunye Gleb, emva kokufa wezulu welungelo iLizwe loobawo.