Retina, iimpawu zayo yokwakheka kwaye zisebenza.

Retina okanye retina (kwiretina), imela ukuxoka yangaphakathi emva choroid iso. yokuvelela yayo kakhulu usendleleni yokuba kukho amathathu neuron peripheral, ukusuka apho lonke ulwazi olubonakalayo waqonda esweni iya ingqondo, yona efumana unyango lokugqibela yenguqu ibe imifanekiso ebonwayo ekhumbulekayo. Ngenxa retina yonke licandelo emehlweni kunokuba lifike a izakhiwo kwaye umahluko kakhulu intracerebral.

Le retina isakhiwo entsonkothileyo kakhulu kwaye engaqhelekanga. Kuye kwenziwe ultra-zingcakacile, kodwa histologically kunjalo ukwahlula maleko ezilishumi ezahlukeneyo kubume. Owokuqala kubo, nto leyo erhangqwe kunye amehlo iqokobhe avareji thaca epithelium. Iqulethe inani elikhulu melanocytes ezivelisa melanin. Emva umaleko mbala yi svetovosprinimayuschaya yinxalenye lweliso lakho. Lo neuron lokuqala. Yena imelwe ziiphotoreceptor ezithile. Ngamnye kubo umsebenzi okhethekileyo. Ngaloo ndlela, izinti banoxanduva ukuyilwa ngongcwalazi, kwaye iyunithi cone - kuba imibala kunye nokucacisa. Ukuba kwenzeka yonke indlela ukukhanya yesibini. Lo maleko yesibini neyesithathu luvo ezicwangciswe iiseli disorder ganglion, ngokulandelelana kwazo. Ukususela iimpawu yokwakheka of inwebu semehlo kufuneka kuqwalaselwe le ezayo yakhe luvo optic kunye macula. Kule ndawo ye-luvo disc optic na ekuthiwa "spot iimfama". Kuyinto ngokupheleleyo indeferentno ukuba ukuvusa ekukhanyeni, njengokuba akukho Iiseli zephotoreceptor. A umfanekiso ocacileyo kakhulu Iliso lomntu inika fossa engundoqo (kummandla macular), apho lexinene cone iyaqengqeleka nje. Macula anatomists ebizwa "emhadini", ngenxa yokuba kule ndawo otsutsvuyut ngomaleko ezine kwiretina.

Retina ngokwesiqhelo, iliso esempilweni kufuneka uvumelane snugly ukuya choroid engundoqo, umaleko yayo angaphandle, obizwa ngokuba kwipleyiti yiglasi okanye inwebu Bruch kaThixo. Kwiimeko apho le meko yoniwa, iliso kungekudala, nokuba izenzekele okanye uphantsi kweempembelelo yeemeko ezithile yangaphandle nangaphakathi, oko kwenzeke abruption. Le meko kakhulu abangcangcazelisi olungxamisekileyo kwisiqu umbono, leyo ngokusisigxina ndiwuhlutha nje umntu uyakwazi ukubona. imeko entofontofo, kodwa akukho akanangozi kuthathwa ukuba ibe iinyembezi semehlo emehlweni akhe. Oku kwenzeka kwindawo hedge omkhulu. Ezinye izigulane uqaphele iinyembezi, ngenxa ke mancinci kwaye ibekwe kude ndawo, elinoxanduva imifanekiso ezicacileyo ezibukhali lezinto retina. Evela kuziphuko zendalo ziqhelekileyo kwenzeka xa umguli kwimbali zamehlo kukho ubani angakwazi kwiretina. Ngokomzekelo, xa izidanga eziphezulu ukubona, okanye njengoko ibizwa ngokuba ebantwini, ukubona, isigulane setchaka ngenxa ololulele ubungakanani enkulu lweliso lakho leyo kakhulu, iba zaqina elibhityileyo kakhulu. Xa onjalo kwegazi kabi retina, kunye nesondlo. Ngoko ke, nayiphi na impembelelo ezivela ngaphandle (ntwala entloko, umthambo ngokugqithiseleyo, nto leyo eyandisa uxinzelelo, linyanzelisa uyangcangcazela) kunokubangela iqhuma, yaye ngamanye amaxesha kwecala kwiretina. Unyango kufuneka wenziwe ngokukhawuleza, njengoko kukho ithuba ukubuyisela ukusebenza retina. Kwimeko isigulane kwecala kufuneka alale kunye nenzolo. A iqembu encinane fresh nga ngokuzimeleyo ukuya kwindawo yabo yokuqala. Kwiimeko apho kungekho themba self-kuphiliswa, unyango ngotyando iyafuneka - ngokulitywina utyando scleral okanye vitreous. Retina, apho ikhefu kwenzeke njani kubuyiselwa laser coagulation isikhewu nesabelo.