Kwilali Sami kwingingqi Murmansk: iifoto, ukubuyekeza, uhambo

In Russia kukho iintlanga ezininzi ezincinane, nkqu ngexesha jikelele, ikwazile ukugcina bangoobani. Bona ahlonipha izithethe zabo, basaqhubekeka ukuba banqula oothixo efanayo njengoko ookhokho babo, yokuphila ubukhulu becala yamandulo. Enye yezi zizwe unguye Sami, abo bahlala Kola Peninsula. Qho abakhenkethi kufika unyaka apha kulo lonke lokubazi le nxalenye imangalisayo uhlanga. Famous nal yi kwilali wokwenene Sami kummandla Murmansk, apho kukho imyuziyam, "Sam syyt". Apha Chaza uze ubonise ukuba real ngamaSami aphile. Iindwendwe ziya kufumana kakhulu umdla

Ngoobani aba Sami

Sami - bantu bancinane, ngoweqela ka Finno-Ugric izizwe. Abameli Sami bahlala kumazwe ezine - Russia, eFinland, Sweden kunye eNorway. Inani elipheleleyo labantu wonke-50 000 abantu, kodwa bambalwa kakhulu eRashiya - ngaphantsi kwe amawaka amabini. Zihlala ikakhulu kwi Kola Peninsula. Ukuze uluntu jikelele edume kakhulu kwilali Sami kummandla Murmansk, apho iindwendwe zalapha wamema apho zokuhlala zemveli zixhotyiswe ukukhonza abakhenkethi.

Imvelaphi kunye nezinye izizwe

Njengoko sele kukhankanyiwe, i Sami kufuneka izihlobo ezikufuphi nakumazwe aseScandanavia. Bazibiza Sami (sam) ukuba unalo eninzi yokwenza kunye nesikhundla Finnish Suomi (suomi). Kumaxesha amandulo, i nokuxubana wazibiza Lapps. Ethnologists babanga ukuba kulo gama kwenzeka eLapland. uya kuba yintoni na ebalulekileyo igama ngoku, ngelishwa, akwaziwa. Enye iinguqulelo Yimbonakaliso abantu abahlala kude kude, njengoko Lappe in Finnish kunye Estonian lithetha "zikude", "uvuselelo lokugqibela".

Ukuphawulwa yabemi kula mazwe lufumaneka memoirs kwezi abahambi kwinkulungwane XVI.

Ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane ye XX Russian Society Geographical hambo ukuya kwilizwe omkhulu Saami ukufunda ubomi, inkcubeko kunye nemvelaphi yale uhlanga ukuba kuhlelwe. Ngowe-1927, izazinzulu ezininzi waya ukufumanisa apho ibekwe lali Sami. Kwingingqi Murmansk kwakukho izinto ezinjalo. Iziluleko zakhe eyakhupha. ulwazi ezibaluleke kakhulu ngabantu yahlangana. Kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane XX ukuba nkqu yapapashwa Sami daba, ebhaliweyo evela amazwi Sami kanye ngexesha le hambo ngenkcazo.

Ukufumana apho

kwilali Sami kwingingqi Murmansk ulele nzulu Kola Peninsula, kwaye nalo kungaba kuphela kwi imoto. Okokuqala, kufuneka ukubhabha (okanye uqhube uloliwe) ukuya Murmansk yaye ukusuka apho ngemoto ecaleni kwendlela ecaleni ukuze sihambe ngendlela ye St Petersburg. Ukusuka kwindlela engundoqo kufuneka kwicala lwe Revda kunye Lovozero. Qaphela: nangona kwendlela ukusuka asphalt kuhola wendlela, umgangatho ukutyabeka na eliphakathi kakhulu, ngoko ke kufuneka ukuba uqhube ngononophelo. Abantu abaninzi bakhetha ukuba odola iteksi, njengoko bonke abaqhubi zasekuhlaleni bayazi apho ibekwe lali Sami. kummandla Murmansk mkhulu kakhulu, kodwa ukuhamba kuyo kanye njengoko lathisi ngokwaneleyo ningalahleki. Endleleni eya Sami iimboniselo ezinkulu nohlobo ngqwabalala, nolucacileyo kakhulu.

Imbali ngamaSami

Izazinzulu zikholelwa ukuba Saami ke inzala bezizwe kumaxesha amandulo ahlala kwezi ndawo. Kukho yemihla ubungqina bokuba siphila Karelia abantu ezinzima emantla namasiko ezizodwa kunye nezithethe. Izinyanya yamandulo abahlali balapha andishiye imizobo ematyeni. Ngelo kwimingxuma iintsalela izixhobo zamandulo, abo amatye kwafunyanwa.

Abanye abaphengululi bakholelwa ukuba Sami thile izihlobo abantu baseMzantsi yaseSiberia. Oku kuboniswa ezininzi ezifanayo ngeelwimi kunye imbonakalo. Mhlawumbi kanye ezi zizwe babehlala kunye, kodwa ngenxa yezizathu ezingaziwayo kuthi qheke kubini: abanye abasekho, kwaye yokugqibela bakhetha ukuhlala. Ngoku indlela yabo yokuphila uxelela mva kuphela kwilali Sami kummandla Murmansk, okanye mandithi abemi balo.

ngenkolo

I Sami baba lobuhedeni ekuqaleni. Ezi iinkolelo kufuneka eninzi yokwenza kwiinkolelo zonqulo Sami eScandinavia, kodwa awohluke yayo.

I Saami elithile lokuloba kakhulu kwaye ukunqulwa wooyise. Ngalinye iintlobo lokuloba - ukuloba, ezingela neenyamakazi - uye umkhosi wayo umoya, elikhusela nxamnye izigulo kwaye inceda ukusebenza. nikelo kwande ukungxengxeza imimoya nokuqinisekisa bamthande.

Eyona nto iphambili kukuba unqulo wooyise. Oku kwakukholelwa ukuba abafileyo gqolo ukunceda izalamane zabo zokuphila, nokuba kuchaphazela imozulu kunye noncedo ngexesha ukuzingela okanye ukuloba. Ngoko ke cajoled ufile, babesabingelela wondla.

Okwangoku, phantse onke Sami - amaKristu. Kodwa izithethe yagqugqisa iminyaka ixesha elide. Ngoku zenziwa kuphela ukonwabisa abakhenkethi abafuna ukuba ngokobuqu ukufumanisa ukuba yintoni na noko uhlala kwilali Sami kummandla Murmansk. Iifoto iziganeko ezinjalo zisoloko eqaqambileyo, original, ezimibalabala.

leeholide zikazwelonke kunye namasiko

Enye zeeholide zikazwelonke kakhulu iyamangalisa Sami Bear Imidlalo - 'Tall Nkosi "ku Sami. Kumaxesha amandulo, ngamaSami elinye irhamncwa kakhulu ayeze yaba nebhere. Ithe ke yakuba ilondele wayehlonelwa, kodwa kwangaxeshanye babesoyika. Ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XX yi isigqibo National Iziko leeNkcubeko Cyr Tall uye waphila. Holide eyenziwe nokuzingela siyabungqinela, kunye iziganeko zemidlalo zibanjwa phakathi Sami ngqindilili kunye nimble.

Bavuselela isiko Sami imidlalo zasehlotyeni. Esi siganeko iquka itheko ezibanzi ngomdlalo ngabaxhentsi womthonyama. Qiniseka ukuba le misebenzi ubesoloko ethatha inxaxcheba ephambili kwaye kwilali Sami kummandla Murmansk. Ukuphonononga kunye okuvelayo abaphulaphuli ngoko ahlale kuphela kakhulu ezintle.

Esi sixeko kwakhona usingathe Olenegorske emthendelekweni Sami umculo yonyaka. ukuba kuhlelwe ukuba okokuqala ngqa ngo-1996. Ezi ziganeko bakhuthalele inxaxheba kwilali Sami. Kwingingqi Murmansk. Inazo zonke iimeko ukubonisa zonke intsomi ebomini kwayo uzuko kunye nezithethe zabantu Aboriginal basekuhlaleni. Sami, ezifana kwiminyaka emininzi eyadlulayo, ukuthunga iimpahla zabo nezinxibo, kodwa ngoku ukusebenza.

I-museum evulekile "Sam syyt"

Mva kakhulu ukwanda imyuziyam "Sam syyt", apho bonke aqhelane nobomi kunye nenkcubeko Sami. Kukho excursion rhoqo kwilali Lappish. ummandla Murmansk - ummandla kuphela apho Sami zichaziwe Russian.

Apha kwisitrato imifanekiso ngomthi zezithixo Sami. Kuthiwa ukuzalisekisa umnqweno alithandayo kuyimfuneko ukuba amkele oqingqiweyo, ukuhleba nomnqweno zelo yellow yakhe ezinkozo. Sami ngokunyanisekileyo bakholelwa ukuba eli wayenelizwi woomoya ukunceda ukusombulula imiba ngokucindezela.

Xa nokubuyekezwa, abemi anandiphe zoo encinane, equlethe izilwanyana zemveli Kola kuSingasiqithi: iimpungutye kumantla oluhlaza, iimpungutye nemivundla. Le yokugqibela bahambe kwilali ngokwabo. adle real kwakhona abahlala apho. Iindwendwe ezifunekayo ukubonisa ndithi ngokweenkcukacha ngezi zilwanyana emangalisayo eyanceda ngexesha labo ukusinda umntu kwiimeko ezinzima zendalo. Bade zingatya, nto leyo kumnandi rhoqo abantwana. Kunye nabantu abadala, ebalawula yi-ncomo, sekunjalo phantsi uluvo lonxibelelwano kunye umdak amanene. abelusi adle Local ukulungele ukuthetha iiyure malunga ezigxineni zabo, ezo kakhulu zimbuna ngokupheleleyo akukho nokoyika abantu.

Kwizitrato baselalini kuvaksy - ikhaya yesizwe, apho Sami waphila kwaye afihla kwimozulu. Iindwendwe bathi ngaphambili ukuba Andizange ndiyibone into elolo hlobo, Noko ke, licacile. Kodwa kubonakala oku lingabi ngaphantsi umdla.

nokuzonwabisa

Kuba abamenyiweyo beze apha, mna wapheka elininzi lokuzonwabisa kunye nemisebenzi. Apha ungenza ukunandipha isidlo Sami yemveli - inyamakazi mayosiwe ngomlilo. Ngokutsho iindwendwe, kuba ukutya okunencasa kakhulu kwaye elimnandi ukuba ngokugqibeleleyo uyazanelisa ulambele uhlolo Sami anazo. Noko kumnandi va ekhwele a sleigh adle! Kunzima ukuchaza ngamagama, uziva nje.

Spring Lake uye "izitshixo Sami Ezisixhenxe" ecaleni elalini. Naye kwakhona idityaniswe sisithethe okhethekileyo: kufuneka uye, ahlambe, lifake ichibi lwemali kwaye ndiyabulela umoya edikeni ngomoya wabo. Kuyenzeka ukuba idade; ukuba imozulu ivumela.