Pneumothorax: Iimpawu, Unobangela Treatment

imeko yezifo apho kwisisu pleural (isithuba noqhoqhoqho emile phakathi Parietal kunye pleura visceral engqonge umphunga ngamnye) oluhlala umoya okanye enye igesi imixube yaziwa ngokuba pneumothorax. Iimpawu, izizathu kunye nonyango le meko, cinga kweli nqaku.

Overview

Kuba kwisisu pleural kwi imeko eqhelekileyo iphawulwa xi negative, oku kunikeza isixhobo eyaneleyo uphefumlayo. Ukuba sheets zonakele pleura (umz, ngenxa yokuba ummandla ithuba kwemiphunga okanye bronchus) kunye zafa kwi pleural uxinzelelo lomoya kwisisu na equalized ukuba umoya okanye idlula kuyo. Umoya ethe eyangena kwisisu pleural kukhokelela ucinezelo kwemiphunga, oko Uxhokonxwa spadenie kwaye yeka ukusuka kwesenzo. Nge umthamo omkhulu umoya ukukhanya yayinjalo oko kuxhomekeke kwakhona kwingcinezelo nkqi, ukongeza koku, kukho ukutshintsha amalungu mediastinal (iimpahla ezinkulu zentliziyo). Konke oku bamphazamise kakhulu igazi kunye nokuphefumla.

zesifo izifo: Pneumothorax

Isifo Ubonakala mpawu zilandelayo:

• Ngequbuliso ziyenzeka iintlungu esifubeni - etsolo, ukwanda ngexesha iphefumlelwe. ubuhlungu utshisa linye icala abachaphazelekayo.

• Ngequbuliso okhulayo dyspnea - ukuphelelwa umoya, ukuphefumla rapid nzulu.

• ukukhohlela Dry.

• Bandile of izinga kwentliziyo.

• Inkangeleko ulusu kwi ukubila ebandayo.

• ubuthathaka jikelele.

• A ingqondo yoloyiko.

• Cyanosis kwesikhumba (ukuba ejikeleza kakuhle kunye nokuphefumla abuthethileyo).

Isifo

• pneumothorax Vula. Iimpawu zesi sifo zi: eyangena kwisisu pleural zezulu ngokusebenzisa bronchi enkulu ezonakalisiweyo okanye inxeba yesifuba inxibelelane bume ngexesha umoya inhalation engena kwisisu pleural aphindele ukusa kwixesha ukuphelelwa. Uxinzelelo em- pleural kuthelekiswa ambient, apho bekuhleli atelectasis kwaye yeka of nokuphefumla kwakhe.

• pneumothorax ezivaliweyo senzeka emoyeni ukungena kulo kwisisu pleural ngenxa isiphako le pleura. Va kwisisu pleural kunye nokusingqongileyo akukho myalezo, kwaye ayinyuki umoya ebambekileyo mqulu. pneumothorax evaliweyo yeyona ndlela ilula ukuze ufumane indawo lwezonyango ngayo. Umoya imali encinci ukunyibilika ngokwabo. Ukuba kukho pneumothorax evaliweyo, iimpawu kulo mzekelo, oku kulandelayo: intlungu kwicala umonakalo apha esifubeni, lisuke labuna ulusu, bamba umphefumlo.

• Ombane (ivalve) pneumothorax. Olu hlobo ngezifo inzima. Uphawu umphini pneumothorax - a uluhlu enxebeni umonakalo elikhulu ixabiso bronchi avareji lobume vana ekuvumela umoya kwisisu pleural ngexesha inkuthazo yaye uthintele ukuphuma kwayo bume ngaphandle. Umthamo komoya em- pleural ngelixa wayekhula. Oku kuphakamisa ukubana kunye ucinezelo amalungu mediastinal kunye izifo nokuhamba kwegazi kunye nokuphefumla.

Pneumothorax: Izinto ezibangela izifo

Kuxhomekeka ezibangela izifo ichonge iintlobo.

pneumothorax kulogo

Iimpawu zokugula okubangelwa komsipha inxenye bronchus okanye umphunga apho sinxulumana umonakalo le Isifuba okanye semiphunga. pneumothorax okuzenzekelayo ingaba:

1. Primary (idiopathic) ezivele ngenxa ngaphandle kwesizathu. Ngaba usesichengeni kwimeko enjalo abafana iminyaka 20-40 zokukhula ophezulu. ngezifo rhoqo ikhula ngenxa yokuba:

• izakhi ukuba ukuswela enzyme alpha-1-antitrypsin, ningandiqumbisi utshintsho zophendlo lwezifo kwi kwemiphunga;

• ubuthathaka azalwa ngayo pleura, nto leyo ngokulula ligqabi kohlekayo, ukhohlokhohlo eyomeleleyo, ukwenza olukhulu emzimbeni, ukuphefumla obukhulu;

• uxinzelelo umahluko kwisiphumo ngokuntywiliselwa nzulu emanzini, flight ukuntywila-moya.

2. Sekondari (kwangumqondiso), xa imvelaphi yesifo semiphunga sele ekhoyo iphuhlisa pneumothorax kulogo. Impawu zenzeka ngenxa yokuba:

• izifo zemiphunga, umzekelo, kusenokuba ezondeleyo obstructive isifo yemiphunga (esingapheliyo isifo yokukrala isixokelelwano sokuphefumla, leyo iphuhlise phantsi kwempembelelo yeemeko ezahlukeneyo zokusingqongileyo, ezona ziphambili - na ukutshaya, ukumqumbisa uphuhliso ukusilela izifo), abanesigulo esinganyangekiyo (sisifo ilifa apho luphawulwa ukuphazamiseka kwamadlala exocrine), exacerbation kakhulu yesifuba;

• Izifo ezosulelayo kwemiphunga, umzekelo, isifo sephepha (sisifo esosulelayo esibangelwa mycobacteria), ithumba lung (kuphela ukudumba ephambili esiqwini lung, nto leyo luphawulwa ukunyibilika inwebu wemiphunga kwisisu benazo ezaliswe umxholo ubovu), inflammations yemiphunga (inyumoniya) HIV;

• izifo zemiphunga luphawulwa izitshanguba kwithishyu nokuqina fibrosing alveolitis, lymphangioleiomyomatosis, sarcoidosis, histiocytosis X;

• ezimbi lwenkqubo yemfundo kwizicwili kunye nesifo semiphunga: scleroderma systemic, isifo samathambo, dermatomyositis;

• yamathumba (umhlaza wemiphunga).

traumatopnea

Izizathu zale meko - oku umonakalo esifubeni:

• ukuphatheka luhlaza;

• gaze inxeba.

pneumothorax iatrogenic

Le ngezifo usisiphumo iinkqubo ezithile zonyango:

• pleural okanye lung biopsy;

• kwenzakalani;

• catheter subclavian Lokulinganisa;

• umoya ngomatshini.

ekuxilongweni

Ukuze wenze isifo "pneumothorax" iimpawu sifo kufuneka ifundwe ngenyameko yingcali kwi uvavanyo lonyango. Uxilongo kuquka le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• uviwo Nomonde: auscultation (auscultation) lung yoviwo Isifuba.

• ray esifubeni, esebenzisa apho kunokwenzeka ukubona umoya kule ndawo pleural. Inkqubo le ndlela iphambili zokufumanis pneumothorax.

• ukwakheka igesi Blood.

• Itomography ngekhompyutha, nto leyo evumela ukuba ukuchonga oonobangela pneumothorax zasesekondari ezizenzekelayo. Le ndlela diagnostic iyasetyenziswa xa X-ray nto ulwazi ngokwaneleyo.

• Electrocardiography, besebenzisa apho kunokwenzeka ukubona yinto engaqhelekanga intliziyo ivelufa (busy) pneumothorax.

• Uthethwano Thoracic udokotela.

likaxakeka

Kufuneka wazi ukuba ukunika indlela zoncedo lokuqala kule meko lwezidumbu, njengoko pneumothorax. Iimpawu kuyo ifanele ibe uphawu inyathelo lwezonyango olungxamisekileyo. Isigulana kuqala kuyimfuneko ukuqinisekisa ukufikelela simahla oxygen ukumbopha kukubizela ugqirha ngokukhawuleza.

pneumothorax zangaphandle ibandakanya nokubekwa zokubopha occlusive, leyo sealingly ivale isahlulo ezonakeleyo eludongeni esifubeni. Ngebhandishi esingayi kudlula umoya, ukuze senziwe polyethylene okanye cellophane kunye ngomaleko omkhulu womhlaba ze yomqhaphu-igozi.

Xa pneumothorax vana kufuna ebambe kamsinya okuhlatywa pleural, nto leyo eya kunceda ekusasazeni kwemiphunga, ukuphelisa irhasi simahla nokuthintela ukubana amalungu mediastinal.

Amanyathelo lokulwa ngezifo

Ukuba unesifo pneumothorax, unyango lubandakanya le misebenzi ilandelayo:

• needling Pleural, apho umoya sokufunxa ukusuka kwisisu pleural.

• discontinuities zotyando suturing inyumoniya, umphunga, ukwenzakala esifubeni eludongeni.

• Ekufunxeni komgodi pleural kunye ukusekwa ityhubhu yokukhupha amanzi apho nokususwa komoya evela kwisisu pleural kuya kwenzeka.

• Ukuba iintlungu ucaca ezimbi ezifana pneumothorax, unyango ungaquka ukusetyenziswa iintlungu.

• Oksijini (iinkqubo continuous oxygen unikezelo ngama neetyhubhu ezizodwa).

• Pleurodesis - fusion inkqubo pleura usebenzisa utyando okanye inaliti kungena kwisisu pleural amayeza ezizodwa (ukuba phindwa rhoqo pneumothorax).

Iingxaki kunye neziphumo

Pneumothorax - isimo esibi ezinokubangela:

• ukopha Intrapleural.

• Unepleurisy - ukudumba pleura, nto leyo luphawulwa ukuyilwa azikhuli, ukumqumbisa uchuku iyazilandela ukukhanya.

• emphysema ongama - zesiganeko apho moya uphuma kwi amanqatha ongama. Ukumisela isimo iinxalenye ukudumba, ukudumba kwithishyu ongama: xa ucofa kubo, kukho isandi olwahluke, ezifana kwemeko bekhephu owomileyo.

• Air nghena inyama mediastinal. Kulo mzekelo, kukho ucinezelo iimpahla ezinkulu nentliziyo.

• Kwiimeko kakhulu (kunye umthamo sisilonda esidumbileyoesingaphakathi omkhulu, engena ngokubonakalayo amanxeba esifubeni) liyahlonyelwa asikabi ekufeni.

ukuvimbela

Ukuthintela pneumothorax, kumele ukuba zichithe imithetho ethile;

• Ixesha ukunyanga isifo semiphunga.

• Misa ukutshaya.

• Ziphephe ukulimala esifubeni.

• Ukuba pneumothorax kwenzeka ngokufuthi, uyacebiswa ukwenza inkqubo pleurodesis (komphetho pleura).

isiphelo

Kweli nqaku, siye saxubusha izifo ezifana pneumothorax. Iimpawu, izizathu kunye nemigaqo unyango leengxaki zaxilongwa ngathi. Kuyo nayiphi na pneumothorax kufuna esibhedlele ngokukhawuleza sesigulane utyando. Kunye elaneleyo therapy ALS mihla pneumothorax ezizenzekelayo kudla intle. Impumelelo yonyango pneumothorax traumatic kuchaphazela uhlobo umonakalo ngummeli wowona esifubeni. Thatha nokuzikhathalela wena uze uhlale usempilweni!