Oligosaccharides - yintoni na le nto? Imisebenzi kunye Iimpawu

Oligosaccharides - uhlobo carbohydrate polymeric yayo iimolekyuli siqulathe imali encinci monosaccharide inxitywe. Kaloku umzimba womntu kwaye badlala indima ebalulekileyo ekubumbeni izihluma esempilweni ethunjini. Zokudla ukubiza le nkqubo "isiphumo prebiotic", ngokuba enkosi imisebenzi ezikhethekileyo oligosaccharides ethunjini kwandisa umsebenzi bifidobacteria neentsholongwane acid acidosis. Ukutya okune kwezi iicarbohydrate kushukumisa ukukhula ezinye iintlobo iintsholongwane kunye ezincane inenzuzo.

Ngokuzimeleyo ukuvelisa ezi izondlo ezibalulekileyo umzimba womntu, ngelishwa, akakwazi. Ngoko ukuze uhlale usempilweni, entle emisiweyo okuchwayitha, kufuneka esitya ukutya ngokupheleleyo equlathe lonke iqela carbohydrate.

Imisebenzi kunye neenzuzo oligosaccharides umzimba womntu

amagciwane nenzuzo abaphila iindonga colon kunye nokudala kubekho microflora okunempilo ukuze ubukho oluqhelekileyo kuyimfuneko ukuqiniseka oligosaccharides ngexesha yokudla yabantu. Oku kuba luncedo kakhulu eziyimfuneko beengxenye ngokupheleleyo ubomi babantu. izinto ezinjalo ngokuyinxenye olufakiweyo lwabiliswa ziibhaktheriya wamathumbu ezithile ezibonelela microbiocenosis esempilweni lokugaya. Ezi zihlanganisi Kadir ngokuthi prebiotics.

inani boyilo carbohydrate

Ukubaluleka oligosaccharides konga izicacele: kusilela kwi disaccharide yabantu ekunene ikhokelela zizifo ngezifo ezimbi kuphela iphecana emathunjini, kodwa yonke eziphilayo. ngenzuzo ekudleni kuyimfuneko eqhelekileyo yokusebenza ngobuchopho kunye nezihlunu. Xa inani elingonelanga ezi zihlanganisi emzimbeni kukho ulwaphulo-mthetho protein kunye namanqatha ukutya, negazi aqale ukuqokelela iimveliso igcwala eziyingozi ye asidi amino- kunye okunamafutha.

Zeziphi izinto zifumaneka oligosaccharides - prebiotics?

Kwindalo, ezi izinto kukuninzi afumaneka izityalo ezininzi, iziqhamo kunye nemifuno ukuba kudla kwisondlo zabo - imifuno, nobusi, ama-apile, iibhanana, ikhaphetshu, amatswele ibhalbhu, igalikhi kunye nezinye iintlobo zezityalo. Baninzi oligosaccharides ezifumaneka ngobisi kunye neemveliso acid acidosis. A imali eyaneleyo ekhoyo ku papa ezahlukeneyo, iimbotyi, iimbotyi zesoya nombona. rhoqo ukuba neku izongezo ezizodwa ukutya zokutya.

Indima carbohydrate imisebenzi ebalulekileyo umzimba bomntu

Wekhabohayidreyiti kubalulekile ukuba umzimba womntu kwaye kufuneka makabekho menu ngemihla yakhe. Ezi zihlanganisi athwale imisebenzi eziliqela ukuba kuphuculeke ubomi obuqhelekileyo zabantu. Oku kufuneka kuquke:

• umsebenzi Energy. Ngenxa igcwala ohlukileyo ezahlukeneyo zamandla wakhululwa iikhompawundi ezinekhabhohayidrethi ekwaneliseni iimfuno eziphilayo. Ngako oko, ukubaluleka carbohydrate ekutyeni icacile, ngenxa yokuba iiseli zomzimba lethu basebenza rhoqo.
• Gidroosmoticheskaya function. Kuyinto ngokusebenzisa carbohydrate fluid intercellular yento ephilayo iqulethe anenani elifunekayo ion wemagniziyam, calcium. Kuyinto ezi izinto ubophe iimolekyuli zamanzi.
• umsebenzi Isakhiwo. Ezinye carbohydrate ziyingxenye izicwili ezininzi nokuqina komzimba womntu. Ngaphezu koko, xa nezintsonkothileyo kwiiproteni igalelo ukuyilwa enqanda, iihomoni steroid, kunye nezinye izinto ezibalulekileyo, bayinxalenye inwebu intracellular, plasma yegazi kwaye athatha inxaxheba kwinkqubo krovetvoritelnyh.
• Zikhusela. Carbohydrate ukunika luthambe beendonga isitya, inxalenye inwebu imazi ibonakalisa kunye kulwelo synovia.

Kunjalo, ukusetyenziswa carbohydrate ayiphelelanga kwinkxaso yobomi komzimba womntu. Ukwazi ezinye iimpawu oligosaccharides, namhlanje belizwe zisetyenziswa kwiinkqubo ezininzi kwezoshishino. Bandakanya kwi ukuveliswa kwemveliso zokutya ezahlukeneyo. Emva oligosaccharides - a kwisigcinakaliso ezikhethekileyo yendalo.

ngezigaba carbohydrate

Olu didi iikhompawundi zingahlulwa zibe ngamaqela amathathu:

• iswekile ezilula (wayesathetha ngokuba monosaccharides);
• oligosaccharides (okanye khompawundi polymeric kunye uqhagamshelaniso glycosidic)
• polysaccharides - a khompawundi biopolymer kunye nobunzima kakhulu eziphilayo.

Yini carbohydrate umahluko

Monosaccharides ke carbohydrate, abayi bangenele haydrolisis ethunjini oluntu ezabalazela ngokukhawuleza. Abameli ezibalulekileyo eli qela zithathwa ukuba hexose kunye pentose.

Polysaccharides kunye oligosaccharides - iikhompawundi ezintsonkothileyo ngakumbi. Polysaccharides - macromolecular biopolymer compound, nto leyo yahlulwe ukutya (starch kunye glycogen khompawundi) kunye (okuzenzela yokutya) non-ukutya.

Oligosaccharides Ziqulethe uluhlu iintsalela ezimbalwa carbohydrate. Ekubeni ziqulathe ukusuka monosaccharides-2 ukuya kwi-10 iintsalela, ukuba yahlulwe disaccharides, trisaccharides njalo njalo. D. Ukubaluleka liphezulu akhule kwabantu disaccharides.

Ngoko ke, lo sucrose equlathwe yeziqholo okanye sugar beet, na izityalo njengesisombululo, bandisa ngayo iziqu kunye neengcambu. Obumele - carbohydrate, nokuba zezilwanyana, equlathwe ubisi. Trehalose uqulathwe kwezinye lona lisiza nokungunda. Maltose ngohlobo free lungenzeki ikhoyo nokubakho ibe yimveliso eliphakathi of haydrolisis of wesitatshi ngexesha ukuntshula rye kunye yerhasi iinkozo.

iipropati chemical

Imizekelo ezinkulu oligosaccharides, i ziqhelekileyo kwaye isoloko isetyenziswa kuzo ukutya, eziqulethe monosaccharide ezimbini - na sucrose, maltose, trehalose kunye lactose. Nayiphi na inkqubo yemichiza ebandakanya oligosaccharides ngenxa kukukwazi hydrolyze, lwahlukane kwezo iintsalela monosaccharides ezo zenziwe. Umzekelo, haydrolisis of maltose benziwa glucose ezimbini lactose akhiwa galactose kunye iswekile. Sucrose, ke, uyazifohloza zibe glucose fructose.

umsebenzi oligosaccharide kwiinkqubo zobugcisa ezahlukeneyo

Xa oligosaccharides, njengokuba ezinye macronutrients, iphambili ezisebenzayo kuthathwa ukuba esibamba. Oku kubangelwa inani elikhulu lamaqela OH ezisebenzisana kunye iimolekyuli zamanzi. Isiphumo ngenxa yamanzi esibophelelayo isakhiwo ekudleni. Umzekelo, nangona inani elifanayo amaqela hydroxyl, lo hygroscopicity of fructose ngaphezulu kakhulu kunokuba glucose. A sucrose lactose hygroscopic kakhulu okanye maltose. Usebenzisa iimpawu ezahlukeneyo carbohydrate amanzi nomphetho enonjongo eziquka iinkqubo ezahlukeneyo.

Xa qhwa umbandela ekrwada, iimveliso semi-igqityiwe yaye agqitywa yeyiphi ukufuma kuvunyelwe okanye ezingavumelekanga kwemfuneko bangenza kufanelekile ukusebenzisa sucrose, lactose okanye maltose.

Ngaphezu koko, oligosaccharides - imichiza leyo kubophelela izinto enuka eguqukayo kwaye kuchaphazela umbala yokugqibela imveliso kwiinkqubo okusula. Ngako oko, bona badla ngokukhethekileyo kuqaliswa kulo imveliso ukuphumeza nemiphumo emihle.

Namhlanje eli qela carbohydrate isetyenziswa ngokubanzi ukuvelisa amayeza ezahlukeneyo, izongezo zokutya kunye zokuthambisa.