NPP "South Ukraine": isigqibo ngobuchule Kiev ngokutshintsha umthengisi amafutha

Energy ezimbaxa kwisuntswana Ukraine iya kuquka ezine izityalo amandla enyukliya. Enye esebenzayo namhlanje - South Ukraine NPP.

Isityalo samandla enyukliya njengenxalenye amandla ezimbaxa

NPP lilungu kwicandelo lamandla loMzantsi-Ukrainian. Xa ukwenza iprojekthi esimbaxa kwabonwa kusekude ukuba iza kubonelela umbane kwimimandla ezintathu Ukraine - Nikolaev, Kherson, Odessa, kwaye Ukuzilawula Republic of eCrimea. Ukongeza izityalo amandla enyukliya, isakhiwo iquka HPP (kagesi) kunye PSP (isikhululo yogcino sokumpompa).

Ukusetyenziswa kweentlobo ezintathu kwamashishini kuvumela ukuba ukuphuhlisa ezimpilweni iindleko zombane. Ixesha kuwohloka kuselwe (ingakumbi ebusuku) ihlanganisa izikhululo aphehla zisebenza kwimo pump, ukupompa amanzi umfula, yaye yemizuzwana imithwalo kwincopho (kwemini) - ikwimo injini unika network umbane ngaphezu generated. Nuclear and ophehlwa kulo msebenzi kwindlela cwaka, ngaphandle incopho obhobhozayo amandla, nto leyo eyingozi kakhulu turbines. imithwalo kwincopho kuthiwa ethile kulo mmandla osemazantsi Ukraine, ngoko kuye, kwaye iyile uhlobo olutsha ezimbaxa amandla uhlobo yaseYurophu ukusebenza ngempumelelo.

ukwakhiwa Plant nezokusebenza iparameters

Le ndawo apho South-Ukrainian NPP olukhethiweyo kwi kummandla Mykolaiv. Ngowe-1975, nokwakhiwa kwesikhululo laphehlelelwa kwaye isixeko yisathelayithi Yuzhnoukrainsk. Ukususela ngo-1982, oko kwabalelwa khosi emithathu unit sesigidi. Ukwakhiwa yunithi yesine yavalwa ngo-1989, kwaye umbuzo zokwakha wayo ayisekho liyenyuka.

NPP "South Ukraine" sele usebenza zamandla VVER-1000. Aba eLeningrad, kwi kwishishini "Izhora Plants". Nabavelisi turbines, umbane kunye neeyunithi reactor baba amashishini lwe eLeningrad kunye eKharkov.

Zigcwele, isityalo amandla enyukliya waphuma ngo-1989. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku, eveliswa ngamandla nuclear (phantse 18 billion kWh / nonyaka), ngokwaneleyo ukunika-10% yabo bonke ukusetyenziswa kombane e Ukraine. Zeenkalo Nikolaev, Kherson kunye Odessa - phantse 96%. Of umthamo ifakiwe (3,000 MW), "South Ukraine" NPP - wawungowesibini emva kokuba Zaporozhye e Ukraine.

Imeko izakhi amafutha (FE)

Umthombo kwamafutha enyukliya kuzo zonke izityalo senyukliya Ukraine (kubandakanywa izityalo zenyukliya amandla "South Ukraine") baba (kwaye ahlale) izinto amafutha, ziveliswe kwi C. "TVEL" eRashiya. Kubo kukho kukho ngeeatom sinokwenziwa shushu, njengesipholisi ukubasulela.

Sele 2000, Ukraine izama ukutshintsha unikezelo yedwa kwamafutha enyukliya Russian, kungena kwisivumelwano kunye "Westinghouse Electric" (USA).

A iqonga zovavanyo isebenza izityalo amandla enyukliya Ukrainian South sele ekhethiweyo. US fuel iikhasethi zaye ezifakwe zonke kwisikhululo iibhloko ezintathu abe lilalela kwenxenye ye-Russian TVEL.

Ngo-2012 lwabonisa umonakalo kwiindibano ipetroli American kwi ibloko wesithathu. Ukusebenza ngezinto iibhloko yokuqala neyesibini kwaqhubeka.

Ukususela ngo-2000, inkampani "Westinghouse Electric" ezimbini TVEL Russian ziye zidluliselwe, yinto efana yawo US kunye neendibano kwamafutha eyenziwe izityalo amandla enyukliya "South Ukraine".

NgoSeptemba 2014, emva kokuba uphicotho zonke izinto American apho oqhubayo, iye yandiswa imvumelwano kunye "Westinghouse Electric" de 2020.

C. "TVEL" ngumniki amafutha enyukliya amandla enyukliya Ukrainian isityalo esinye ezintathu.

Ngokutsho Russian ikhontrakthi ngokutshisa amafutha enyukliya bachitha inxaxheba kwi-Russian Federation. Ngubani oza kwenza inkunkuma lweendibano yaseMelika, akucaci njengoko okwangoku akukho Ndiyifumene impendulo yombuzo ngubani onoxanduva ukhuseleko "elingumxube" ufakelo leziqalelo senyukliya zamandla ze NPP "South Ukraine". Ukudluliselwa: i-Czech Republic, wadlula indlela efanayo kwi US sonikezelo amafutha enyukliya izityalo ayo amandla enyukliya, bashiya ingcamango kwaye isebenza phezu ngeentonga amafutha Russian.

South Ukraine NPP ingozi

Ukususela ngoJanuwari 2015 (ngobusuku 15 th ukuya 16 th) kwi ulawulo sombane NPP kwavuka umlilo izenzekele. Le umlilo ezihlawulelwayo indawo 100 yesikwere seemitha. Isizathu sokuba data preliminary, bakhonza izindlu depressurization, nto leyo ebangela evuzayo oyile kwaye ngenxa yoko, elifutshane-kombane.

Ngethamsanqa, emva kokuba ingcinezelo umlilo yimpumelelo Enkulungwane yangasemva radiation yinto eyenzekayo.