NgoLwesibili Black. ukuwa elide le engange ngokuchasene dollar 11 Oktobha 1994

Xa sijonga kuzuba lomgadi engange ngokunxulumene amazwe, abantu abaninzi ukulibala ukuba iziganeko ezifanayo sele kwafuneka anyamezele. Nkqu amazwe kunye bume ezinzileyo kwezoqoqosho kufuneka ukujongana nengxaki kwaye buthathaka lwemali kazwelonke. Oku kwenzeka kakhulu ngokwentelekelelo, elingasetyenziswanga, kwasekwa inkqubo zemali womelele kwaye akukho nkqubo bolu urhulumente ukuthintela ukuwa kunokwenzeka kwemali kunye nokuphelisa imiphumo iingozi ezinjalo.

izinto zakutshanje kwezoqoqosho kwihlabathi jikelele ibonisa ukuba iRussia kuyimfuneko ukutshintsha ngokupheleleyo kumda wesangqa msebenzi kwazo kwezoqoqosho. Elide lwemali lobunzima kunyaka ophelileyo, nefuthe kude kakhulu ngakumbi wonke ummi weli lizwe ngaphezu ekuweni elifutshane elide engange ngo-1994, apho iingcali zoqoqosho kunye namajelo eendaba wanika ngokuba "Black Tuesday." Kwenzeka ntoni emva koko nendlela ukuba siphephe iingxaki ezifanayo kwixa elizayo?

I dollar ngerandi - oku kubalulekile?

Uzinzo lwemali kazwelonke ukuya ngaphandle kweli kuqoqosho, kwakunye imeko yezopolitiko, yezoqoqosho kweli lizwe - umlinganiselo ukuba uqolile yayo. Nesenti emdaka kwi umahluko yokuqala shazi kwikhosi kunokubangela iziphumo ezibi-mali karhulumente, kwaye singasathethi ke amathontsi enkulu.

Nangona okunzulu ezincinane kubananisi kuphela noqoqsho uqaphele kwimarike imali yelinye ilizwe, kukunyuka awe ayikwazi ukunceda, kodwa qaphela abemi abaqhelekileyo. Namava abonisa ukuba kwiimeko ezinjalo labemi ilawulwa ixhala. Kwiinzame athengise ngokukhawuleza kangangoko desheveyuschuyu kunokwenzeka amazwe okanye ngokugqwethekileyo, ukuba uthenge ezinqongopheleyo ngakumbi yorhwebo, abantu ngakumbi sibe sibi. Black Tuesday ngo-1994 yabonisa ukwesaba eluntwini. Bonke wabalekiselwa ofisi exchange kunye neebhanki, kunokuba aye isichenge kanye ubukho inkqubo yezimali lizwe lanyanzela urhulumente ukuba babhenele amanyathelo kakhulu.

Imbali engange iwela

Ebudeni bexesha elifutshane zokusekwa kwe-Russian Federation njengorhulumente eli lizwe kwakufuneka aye nge iingxaki ezininzi zemali kunye emiselweyo. Black Tuesday 1994 - umzekelo edumileyo, kodwa kwakhokelwa ezinye kuwa currency yesizwe eliqela. Ixesha lokuqala ungqubano engange kwenzeke Ekuqaleni lokusekwa karhulumente ngo-1992. Ngelo xesha kwi Power yaba imeko kwakunzima kwezoqoqosho, nto leyo eye yabangela ukuba amava onjalo iRashiya, nabemi bawo bonke. Ngokubanzi, iingcali sichonge maxesha ezimbi zilandelayo:

• September 26, 1992. Le imali engange ezilahlekileyo iiyunithi 35.5 (ixabiso lokuqala - 205,5 engange).
• January 26, 1993. I "NgoLwesibini black" omtsha kwenzeka kweenyanga ezine kamva kwaye kwakhokelela uphelelo lwemali kazwelonke ukuya 75 engange (njengoko-15%).
• Isimo esitsha abazange ukunika ixesha elizweni kwakhona - ikhosi 2nd Februwari kweevawutsha iwise nyaka, iingcali abaninzi baye bakufumanisa kuluncedo kwabanye abantu izixhobo karhulumente. Oku ngelithi ukuba ngelo xesha kwakukho ukuwa bachaphazelekayo yonikezelo ukukhanya.
• October 11, 1994. Eli lizwe ukubandezeleka kwabantu, intlupheko kunye nomgangatho eyingozi ephantsi zokuphila, uye waba kakhulu notorious abamnyama Tuesday.
• Emva kokuwa urhulumente elinde iminyaka 4. Ngexesha lasehlotyeni ngo-1998, imali amazwe kunyuke nge-10%.
• kwiminyaka eli-10 kamva, ngoSeptemba 16, 2008, le ntlekele jikelele ecaphukile iye ngayo Russia. Waqala ukuvuselela uqoqosho kunye necandelo leebhanki, xa bathe bafumanisa ngokucokisekileyo ukuze kwalo.
• I zakutshanje okwangoku, kodwa akukho ebalulekileyo ngaphantsi Ukuwa elide le engange ngo-2014 (16 Disemba). imiphumela yayo waziva namhlanje. izinga Return nendlela ekuqhutywe ngayo ngaphambili asikuko ukuba abasemagunyeni, phezu kwazo iingqikelelo kunye nezithembiso.

Black ngosuku kwikhalenda - ekuweni okanye ukuqala ubomi obutsha?

media Western ebizwa Black Friday-Oktobha 25, 1929. Esi siganeko kwaphawula ukuqala Enkulu Ukudakumba eUnited States. Incredible noxhaso yayo olunzulu eMelika iye nje abe unobangela ekonakaleni okanye ubuhlwempu kwezinye iinxalenye labemi, kodwa inokubangela kokoma kakhulu kuqoqosho. ngempela Abantu kusala ungenanto, intswela kunye nendlala wavusa ukuzibulala ubunzima kunye nolwaphulo zanda.

Kodwa kwangaxeshanye, abasemagunyeni kwanyanzeleka ukuba enze, siye sakwazi soyise ingxaki elide nokuba nzulu kunye sizise ilizwe ngaphandle ngxaki. Abantu abaninzi bakholelwa ukuba ngaphandle iziganeko ebuhlungu eUnited States nako ngaloo minyaka ukuze kuphunyezwe iziphumo esenze ilizwe omnye ezikhokelayo zehlabathi phantsi ubomi nentlalo-ntle yabemi.

Kwenzeka ntoni ngo-Oktobha 11?

Black Tuesday ngo-1994 njengenye eziphawuleka kakhulu ezinkulu abasakhasayo iziganeko kwimbali lwenkqubo zemali eRashiya. Ngaloo mini, Oktobha 11, 1994, ucaphula lo engange kwi zorhwebo ozalwa wehla kabukhali. Uxhaphazelayo kwaye rhoqo desheveyuschaya imali yesizwe ngamini-nye nje inciphisiwe. Le imali engange nxamnye dollar utshintshile ukusuka 3081 ukuya 3926 engange.

Kuyaphawuleka ukuba oku kwenzeka ngequbuliso. kanye nje ngesiquphe imeko sele izinzisiwe kwaye, kwaye imali engange nokuba nok izikhundla ezininzi xa kuthelekiswa ne ngolwesiBini yokugula mkhumbi. Amaxesha amaninzi, xa kuthe ntlekele abasemagunyeni basabela entle buthathaka, amagosa kunqabile ukuba bathathe uxanduva oko kwenzekayo. Kodwa ke into yokuba Black Tuesday ngo-1994 kakhulu yaba sisiphumo yokungakhathali kunye Ukungenzi kwezinye Abalawuli, kwanyanzeleka ukuba urhulumente athathe amanyathelo ngokukhawuleza.

Armchairs ke Bathendeleka phantsi abaninzi: baphulukene nemisebenzi yabo entlokweni Central Bank uViktor Gerashchenko kwaye ngoko intloko ye-Ministry of Finance Sergei Dubinin. Esi senzo phezu inxalenye urhulumente kunokuba zokwalatha kubonisa, sakhonza njengendlela ukusizolisa neenkanuko asakhulayo ekuhlaleni.

ubungqina isazi

Ngokwe ngxelo esemthethweni, owasiwa kwiingcali ekhethekileyo evela emasimini yezoqoqosho kunye nezemali, isizathu sokuba imali engange ngokuchasene dollar ubunzima utshintsho olukhulu ezinjalo, kunye ngokude hayi ecaleni engcono ukwenzeka, kwaba izenzo engathethekiyo unganxibelelananga kwamagosa. Abaninzi ngexesha baqiniseka ukuba imeko sele okucwangcisiweyo kwaye sisebenzisa abachaphazelekayo. Ukuze othile, le mbono iqinisekisa ukuba ngokukhawuleza kakhulu ikwazile ukuba izinze. Kodwa iziphumo kuwa ukoyisa nje ngokukhawuleza, yeha, akuphumelelanga.

Ukwesaba eluntwini

Okokuqala, ngo-1994 eRashiya, Kakade, ndiye ndikhumbule ngolwesiBini abamnyama, kodwa naye waba nal kunye izinto zatshintsha, xa urhulumente yakwazi ukuba isantya kwamaxabiso, ngenxa yesivumelwano phakathi abameli kumacandelo ezininzi zezoqoqosho: yokunyibilikisa isinyithi, amalahle, i-oyile. Ukongeza, ishishini iye emkhenkceni amaxabiso iimveliso zabo.

Emva kokuba iziganeko ka-Oktobha 11, uthungelwano Ihowuliseyili neRiteyili wamvusa kakhulu ixabiso leempahla. Kwaye nangona izinga ngokukhawuleza wabuyela kumanqanaba ezidlulileyo, iindleko ukutya esisiseko, iimpahla kunye nezinye izinto ezithandwayo bangabi lehla ngokwamanqanaba elidlulileyo. Enye into ekhathazayo eluntwini yaba ukunciphisa imicimbi lwemali kwaye nsinya ulawulo lokuhamba kwemali langaphandle kwilizwe liphela, nto leyo ikhokelele rhoqo lwemali uqikelelo.

Ukuwa kwindlela zogcino

Ngemvelaphi ye-Institute of kwindlela yogcino le nto ekuqaleni nje kuphela ekupheleni koo. amaziko ezinkulu zemali kunye asethi ezinkulu ayemancinane ngokwaneleyo. Yintoni uthini egcina imali, ezo neemali zangaphandle ezinkulu ziye zadalwa. Kwiintsuku nje ezimbalwa ukuwa ixabiso lwemali yesizwe yabantu baphelelwa ukuba semgangathweni kwazo. Kwaye isizathu sokuba oku kanye ngoLwesibili omnyama. I dollar yafakelwa kwendlela eyintloko ukugcina imali ngayo abantu abaninzi.

Kula maxesha wakhathazeka, xa izinga iyahlozinga, abemi idla wokubuyisa imali kangangoko amazwe kangangoko kunokwenzeka, nto leyo koko kwenzeka ngo-1994. Oku kwakhokelela ekubeni iziphumo ngqo kunye elifutshane, yaye kunempembelelo elide. Ibanki ezininzi ziye koovimba babo, bengakwazi ukuhlawula iimali inzala kunye nexesha ukubuyela mboleko ngabanye. Abanye babo bade zawa.

Ziziphi lwemali ukugcina imali yabo?

Ukususela kwimihla 90 abantu babesebenzisa ukuba sithembele ngakumbi amazwe. Kwiminyaka yakutshanje, le engange yaqhubeka kakuhle izinzile. Akukho nto esaxela iinguqu ezinkulu kwezoqoqosho kunye necandelo lwezemali, kodwa ukususela ekupheleni kuka-2014, i-engange kwakhona lokuwaphula wonke antirecord. Ixesha elifutshane (iminyaka nje enye enesiqingatha) waphulukana ngaphezu kwesiqingatha ixabiso layo. Njengoko abaninzi nilukhanyiselo kwezi ziganeko umbuzo njani ukugcina lokonga kusala ungenanto.

Abanamava broker zemali bayavuma ukuba le nto hlabathi uzinzile ngokupheleleyo kwaye zithembeke. amazinga otshintshiselwano Foreign oku kuyinyaniso ngakumbi. Bayacetyiswa ootitshala ukuba ugcine zonke mali lwemali mnye. Best ukuthenga ezahlukeneyo, kodwa ukusuka kuluhlu kakhulu oluzinzileyo zithembisa. Oku kuya kukunceda ukuba ngaba ndiyandise ubutyebi, okanye ubuncinane ayigcine.

Ngaba amaRashiya insured nxamnye iziphumo ekuweni engange?

Ngelishwa, Black Tuesday eRashiya loo nto yenzeke rhoqo, kodwa njalo umona. kuwa kwemali njalo baye babe yinxalenye umlando ngembali eli lizwe. Kwaye ixesha ngalinye, inkoliso yabantu ubunzima. Nayiphi buthathaka bempembelelo ngeranti engange kwi ntle yabemi, ngoxa iibhanki kunye namagosa nokulawula ukwamkela amawaka ezigidi kwemicimbi imali yelinye ilizwe.

kwiinyanga zakutsha, yibhanki eyongameleyo evinces siqiniseke ukuba imeko kuwa elandelayo engange ikwazile ukuba kuzinziswe, kodwa uqhankqalazo of kubaboleki kwemali amazwe, nokunyuka kwamaxabiso kunye phansi ebonakalayo inxalenye ubuncinane kukhuselwa abemi musa ukuxhasa le nethemba amagosa.