Nitrate Lead. iipropati imichiza, ukusetyenziswa

nitrate Lead - yikhompawundi ezingaphiliyo ukuba le ndlela ilandelayo: PB (NO3) 2. Xa urhulumente oluqhelekileyo ngumgubo omhlophe okanye crystals enemibala. Le into enyibilikayo kakhulu emanzini.

iipropati ngokomzimba

1. enyibilikayo kakuhle kunye nokufunxwa ubushushu kwi H2O (amanzi), kakuhle - xa acetone, kwakunye imethyl kunye ethyl alkoholi.
2. Yenza ziikristale ezingenambala diamagnetic, ingxinano 4,530 g / santimetr³. ingaphezulu ngalinye PB (lead) singqongwe athom ezilishumi elinambini O (oksijini). PB-O bond ubude 0,281 NM, kwaye KUNGEKHO - 0.127 NM. Yinkqubo cubic. Pa3 bobabo kwiqela sithuba. ifomu monoclinic yayifunyenwe ngaphandle iintlobo cubic ukuba naxa itshiswe kakubi enyibilikayo H2O (amanzi).
3. lobushushu yokunyibilika Lead ka 600,65 K.

Indlela ukuba bakhokele nitrate

Le nto ayibubo zifumaneka kwindalo. Ngoko ke, abantu baye ezinye iindlela (mveliso kunye elebhu), leyo azezi zokuchithwa lead (PB), hayidroksayidi okanye oxide yaze yangxenga ifuthe lomanyano nitric acid. ukusabela:
3Pb (lead) + 8HNO3 (nitric acid) = 3Pb (NO3) 2 (nitrate kukhokela) + 2NO (nitric oxide yona ikhutshwa gas) + 4H2O (amanzi);
PBO (lead oxide) + 2HNO3 (nitric acid) = PB (NO3) 2 (nitrate kukhokela) + H2O (amanzi);
PB (OH) 2 (hayidroksayidi kukhokela) + 2HNO3 (nitric acid) = PB (NO3) 2 (kukhokela dinitrate) + 3H2O (amanzi).

Ukuze ukucinezela haydrolisis nokunciphisa ukunyibilika lead dinitrate nitric acid kufuneka kuthathwe anxile.

Kwakhona, ukukhokela dinitrate ifunyenwe njengoko eceleni kwi kungengokwentlambululo yendawo acid kwenkunkuma,-nitric acid, umz, xa lokuqhubeka abakhokelayo-bismuth inkunkuma mveliso. Kamva, umchiza isetyenziselwa benqanda yokukhukuliswa yegolide.

Zeziphi iimpawu yemichiza abe nitrate lead

1. Xa isisombululo zolwelo nitrate lead dissociates zibe anions nitrate kunye iyatshi- bakhokele. Nantsi into le ukusabela:

PB (NO3) 2 (lead dinitrate) = Pb2 + (kukhokela zesiqinisekiso) + 2NO3- (nitrogen oxide anion)

Isisombululo hydrolyzed elikhokelayo dinitrate. Xa agqithisile imali nitratokompleksy NO3- obuphantsi ziveliswa: [PB (NO3) 6] 3-, [PB (NO3) 4] 2- kwaye [PB (NO3) 3] -. Ukuba gidronitraty-pH songeniselo isisombululo, umphumo uba wadala PB (OH) x (NO3) kuqamba y yomahluko. Abanye kuwo efanayo ixesha yodwa sikarhulumente esiqinileyo.

2. Ukususela dinitrate yipeyinti compound enyibilikayo, kunokwenzeka ukuba ufumane indlela exchange ilandelayo:

2HCl (zehydrochloric acid) + PB (NO3) 2 = PbCl2 (chloride eliphambili ngokwemvula) + 2HNO3 (nitric acid);
H2SO4 (sulphuric acid) + PB (NO3) 2 = PbSO4 (sulfate eliphambili ngokwemvula) + 2HNO3 (nitric acid);
PB (NO3) 2 (kukhokela nitrate) + 2NaOH (Sodium hayidroksayidi) = PB (OH) 2 (hayidroksayidi eliphambili ngokwemvula) + 2NaNO3 (sodium nitrate);
PB (NO3) 2 + 2NaN3 (sodium azide) = PB (N3) 2 (elikhokelayo azide, ngokwemvula) + 2NaNO3 (sodium nitrate).

Nayiphi ikhemikhali equlethe zesiqinisekiso kukhokela (PB + 2) uya kusabela ngesisombululo apho anion na iodide. Oku kwenza kwenze yellow-orange umbala (Pbl2, bakhokele iodide). Kubonakala ngathi le yokusabela:

Pb2 + + 2l- = Pbl2 (pellet)

Ukusabela exchange efanayo kwisigaba esiqinileyo. Umzekelo:

PB (NO3) 2 + 2Kl (potassium) = Pbl2 (ehlele) + 2KNO3 (potassium nitrate)

Ukusetyenziswa kwe nitrate lead

- sisetyenziswe eqala ekuveliseni uninzi ezinye iikhompawundi ze PB (lead) eziphathekayo;
- njengento inhibitor of Iipholima nenayiloni kunye nezinye polyesters, njengokuba rodenticide, xa Ipeyinti ye fototermograficheskoy iphepha;
- njengoko nitrate elikhokelayo - na dovolno khompawundi eziyingozi kwicandelo kwezoshishino ngoku usebenzisa ezinye izakhi. Umzekelo, ekwenziweni ipeyinti, imidlalo kunye kweenkantsi ashiywe ngokupheleleyo iikhompawundi phambili.
- elabhoratri nitrate lead isetyenziswa njengomthombo okulungileyo elula dinitrogen tetroxide;
- kahle kutshanje ambalwa kakhulu a compound wemichiza ezisetyenziswa cyanidation ngegolide.
- e Organic Chemistry, PB (NO3) 2 lisetyenziswa oxidant, ukuze ufumane dithiocarbamate of isothiocyanates. ngayo ngenxa yokudla yalo phezulu kusetyenziswa ngaphantsi yaye ngaphantsi.

ukuphepha

nitrate Lead ihlelwa udidi 2A (mhlawumbi umhlaza ambaxa). inhalation engamkelekanga komsi oyityhefu okanye yokufakwa yayo kunye nokudibana kunye nesikhumba okanye isifo. dinitrate lead kufuneka zigcinwe phantsi kolawulo. Zemichiza Ityhefu nale compound kukhokelela eziyityhefu, gliomas nomhlaza sezintso, ingqondo kunye nemiphunga.