Nadezhda Teffi biography kunye nobuchule. biography Emfutshane Nadezhda Alexandrovna Lokhvitskaya

Iimbono uncwadi Russian ngokufuthi kwasekwa ikharityhulam ikhondo yabantu. Asikwazi bathi olu lwazi azilunganga ngokupheleleyo. Kodwa aveza into nelingasetyenziswayo ngokupheleleyo. Amagama ezininzi ezibalulekileyo neziganeko baye bahlala ngaphandle zifundo. Umzekelo, i-yesikolo eqhelekileyo, nokuba eyipasile uphawu uviwo ebalaseleyo uncwadi, ngokufuthi elingaziwayo ngokupheleleyo, ngubani lo Teffi Nadezhda Aleksandrovna. Kodwa amaxesha amaninzi, la magama lodidi lwesibini ekuthiwa-bafanelwe ingqalelo ekhethekileyo.

A ujongo ukusuka kwelinye icala

Italente enemisebenzi futhi eliqaqambileyo Nadezhda Alexandrovna Taffy ngomdla omkhulu ukubandakanya bonke abo abakukhathaleleyo kwixesha elibaluleke kakhulu kwimbali Russian, apho waba nethuba lokuphila kunye nomsebenzi. Igwala umbhali kunganxulunyaniswa iinkwenkwezi boncwadi ngobuninzi yokuqala, kodwa ke umfanekiso ngexesha ngaphandle kokuba ayigqitywanga. A jonga ngokukodwa umdla kwi inkcubeko Russian kunye nembali kuthi abo kwelinye icala ityala zayo zembali. Kwaye ngaphandle kwe Russia, yebinzana yokomfuziselo, kwafumaniseka ukuba njengezwekazi yokomoya yoluntu Russian kunye nenkcubeko Russian. Nadezhda Teffi, engobomi leyo wohlukana iziqingatha ezibini, isinceda ukuba siqonde ngcono nabantu Russian abo abayiqondi bayamkela revolution yaye oko iintshaba engaguqukiyo. Baye wayefanele kulo.

Nadezhda Teffi: biography kwisiqalo ngexesha

bt yoncwadi Nadezhda Alexandrovna Lokhvitskaya kwenzeka ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, iincwadi ezimfutshane zesihobe kule ncwadi eyinkunzi. Ngokusisiseko, kwaba imibongo satirical kunye satires kwimiba ekhathaza lwentlalo. Enkosi kubo, Nadezhda Teffi ngokukhawuleza wazuza popularity and eyaduma iingqukuva ezimbini yoBukhosi baseRashiya. Le ulutsha efumaneka waduma kwaba ngokumangalisayo izinzile. Ayikho into enokuloyisa iimfuno zoluntu kumsebenzi Taffy. Biography kuyo iqulethe kukodwa imfazwe, i-revolution iminyaka yokushiywa. igunya yoncwadi imbongi nombhali wahlala ekuzibonakaliseni.

isiteketiso creative

Oku kufuna ingqalelo ekhethekileyo umba indlela Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Lohvitskaya waba Ithemba Taffy. Nokwamkelwa lesiteketiso kuye umlinganiselo kuyimfuneko, ekubeni phantsi igama lokwenyani epapashwe kwakunzima. udadewethu omdala Hope, esaziwa Lokhvitskaya waqalisa umsebenzi wakhe zoncwadi kakhulu ngaphambili, yaye igama lakhe sele iyaziwa. Nadezhda Teffi ngokwayo, ogama engobomi ngokubanzi eba izihlandlo eziliqela kumanqaku ngobomi bakhe eRashiya ukhankanya ukuba njenge gama okudlala umhlobo wakhetha isidenge, lowo wonke umntu obizwa "Steffi". Enye incwadi eya kunqunyulwa umntu akazange abe nesizathu ngokungafanelekanga ngenxa yekratshi.

Imihobe kunye amabali ahlekisayo

Into yokuqala ethi qatha engqondweni xa ukudibana kunye nelifa ezinobuchule imbongi, ikwindawo yebinzana odumileyo Antona Pavlovicha chehova - "nabubufutshane -. Udade italente" Early isebenza Taffy kumkhawulela ngokupheleleyo. Imibongo kunye satires esisigxina nombhali phephancwadi ezithandwayo "Satyricon" zazisoloko engalindelekanga, eqaqambileyo abanetalente. Uluntu rhoqo kulindeleke ukuba iqhubeke, kwaye umbhali zange zidanise abantu. Kunzima kakhulu ukufumana omnye umbhali, abafundi kunye nabalandeli bonke abantu kangaka ezahlukeneyo njengoko Umlawuli Nicholas II kunye nguzwilakhe yehlabathi yesigaba yinkokeli Vladimir Ilyich Lenin. Kusenokwenzeka ukuba Nadezhda Teffi wayeza kwaye wahlala kwimemori zombhali elizayo ngeqhawe fiction ukukhanya, ukuba kungekhona umoya ovuthuzayo iziganeko inguqu, ukuba ulisibekele ilizwe.

revolution

Ukuqala kwezi ziganeko, iye yatshintsha ngaphaya ingqalelo phakathi kweminyaka embalwa, eRashiya, Nani linganisani amabali kunye nezincoko zombhali. Injongo ukuba ashiye ilizwe wabonakala ayikho mzuzu. Ekupheleni konyaka-1918, Taffy, kunye umbhali Arkady Averchenko wada lakhenketha lizwe, kwi livuthayo imfazwe yamakhaya komlilo. Ngexesha nohambo, kucwangciswe abaphulaphuli live. Kodwa ke isikali iziganeko ezenzeka iye phantsi ngokucacileyo. Uhambo lweminyaka malunga enye enesiqingatha, yaye suku ngalunye ngokugqithisa kwacaca ngakumbi ukuba nibuyele akukho ngaphezulu. umhlaba Russian siyehla ngokukhawuleza phantsi kweenyawo zakhe. Ngaphambi kwaba kuphela noLwandle Olumnyama umendo kwi eConstantinople to Paris. Kwaye iye kufika kunye layohlala White Army Nadezhda Teffi. Biography of kuyo kwixesha elizayo kuqhubeka ukuba amazwe.

izwe

Ubukho kude nekhaya umntu omncinane yayilula nobunzima-free. Noko ke, kubomi benkcubeko noncwadi kwilizwe yokushiywa Russian waba swing ngokupheleleyo. EParis Berlin ngaphandle oolindixesha kunye iincwadi ezipapashwe Russian. Ababhali abaninzi ngokupheleleyo zinokuphuhliswa kuphela yokushiywa. Abanamava nezidubedube kwezentlalo nezopolitiko zibe kakhulu inkuthazo ukuze bobuchule ngenkani ukwahlukana evela kwilizwe sele isihloko rhoqo imisebenzi amazwe. Asinto umnyinyiva kunye nobuchule Hope Taffy. Iinkumbulo a eni elahlekileyo Russian noncwadi lwe yokushiywa Russian iminyaka emininzi ukuba imixholo lubalaseleyo iincwadi zakhe amanqaku kweempepha.

Ukwazi, ungatsalela umnxeba sisiganeko ezimbalini ukuba amabali Ngethemba Taffy ngo-1920 zapapashwa Soviet Russia ngenyathelo Lenin. Kula manqaku, yena waphendula kakubi kakhulu malunga emimiselweni ezithile lamanene. Nangona kunjalo, i iiBolsheviks kwanyanzeleka ukuba kungcwaba imbongi edumileyo, kanye uqhelene uluvo yayo phezu kwabo.

portraits zoncwadi

Notes lunikezelwa kumanani ezahlukeneyo kwezopolitiko Russian, inkcubeko kunye noncwadi, ungathanda ukuhlala ekhaya bangazifumana ngokuyalelwa yezembali ngaphaya kwemida yawo, ezi ncopho wokuyila Hope Taffy. Iinkumbulo yale hlobo kusoloko kutsala ingqalelo. Memoirs abantu abaziwayo bagwetyelwe nje impumelelo. A Nadezhda Teffi, kwincwadi engobomi bomntu emfutshane leyo ngokuqhelekileyo yahlulwe kubini - ubomi kwilizwe kwaye elubhacweni, wayeqhelene amanani amaninzi kangaka. Kwaye wayesele ukubaxelela inzala kunye bomhla. Imifanekiso kula manani kuba umdla kangaka - sengqondo lobuqu nombhali kumanqaku abantu zime.

Amaphepha memoirs iprozi Taffy kusinika ithuba lokudibana ezifana manani enembali UGrigory Rasputin, uVladimir Lenin, Alexander Kerensky. Ekubeni ababhali ezibalaseleyo kunye namagcisa - Ivanom Buninym, Aleksandrom Kuprinym, Iloy Repinym, Z Andreev, nguDmitry Merezhkovsky, Zinaida Gippius, kunye Vsevolod Meyerhold.

Buyela ku Russia

ubomi Hope Taffy elubhacweni wayengeyiyo. Ngaphandle kokuba amabali zakhe amafutshane nezincoko yapapashwa ngokuzithandela, imirhumo zoncwadi baba nkenenkene nokuqinisekisa ubukho ethile esengozini ubuncinane sokutya. Ngexesha nomsebenzi lwamaNazi waseFransi, ubomi aseBrithani Russian inzima kakhulu ngakumbi. Phambi kokuba amanani amaninzi ezaziwayo-kakuhle umbuzo oyikhethileyo yokuziphatha. Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Teffi fanele ukuba inxalenye yabantu Russian amazwe abo ngokucacile bazitshitshisela intsebenziswano kunye nezakhiwo collaborationist. Ukukhetha efanayo iyayigxeka umntu ukuba ugcwalise intlupheko.

Biography Hope Taffy sagqitywa ngowe-1952. Yena wangcwatyelwa amadlelo Paris kwi mangcwaba odumileyo Russian of Sainte-Genevieve-des-Bois. In Russia yena awamiselwa ukuba babuyele kuphela yabo imisebenzi boncwadi. Baye baba kakhulu yapapashwa oolindixesha yiSoviet kwi yee- kade zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini, ngexesha lolungelelwaniso. Iincwadi Hope Taffy waya kakuhle kunye iintlelo ezahlukeneyo. Bamkelwa kakuhle luluntu ukufunda.