Museum of the Patriotic War of 1812 e Moscow, idilesi, abavula, ukubuyekeza, iifoto

Ngo-2012, iRashiya iye yabhiyozela isikhumbuzo - le bicentennial le uloyiso phezu komkhosi uNapoleon yakhe. Kuba lo mbhiyozo ungqamene yokuvulwa ngokukhethekileyo yakhiwa kwikomkhulu, ezinemigangatho emibini saseThailand, leyo likwaneklinkhi i Museum of the Patriotic War ka-1812 ngonyaka. Ingcamango ekudaleni ibe sisikhumbuzo onjalo wabonakala ngenkulungwane XIX, kodwa iminyaka emininzi, iimeko ezahlukeneyo kuthintele ukuphunyezwa kwayo, yaye emva koko, ekugqibeleni, eRashiya lifumene imyuziyam kokuzifaneleyo ukukhunjulwa ezo ziganeko kaHomer.

yesikhumbuzo etshisiwe

Emva kwilali Fili wangena imbali Russia njengendawo apho M. I. Kutuzovym kwenziwe isigqibo kuphela elithethwe ngexesha emuva eMoscow, endlwini, apho amagosa ndawonye, ngaphezu kwesiqingatha senkulungwane, alondolozwe ngenyameko izinto sokuqala kwafuneka yokwenza oku kubalulekile mcimbi.

Ngowe-1868, umnini-mhlaba apho kwakukho "Kutuzov njengephempe" - eMoscow umxhasi odumileyo ED Naryshkin - wayecebe lugqithe esixekweni ukudala kuyo izakhiwo isikhumbuzo, kodwa, ngelishwa, ezi zicwangciso azizange umiselwe ukuba baqaphela: kulo nyaka endlini wembali itshiswe.

Initiative avela kubantu

Emva kweminyaka engamashumi, ngowe-1888, njengenyathelo wokuthand yenziwa yi-ntliziyo Orthodox eMoscow. Indlela bamanyane horugvenostsev Union, samiselwa iBandla likaKristu uMsindisi, bakha umfanekiso onembali Kutuzovsky endlwini, sungula yi womzobi uN D. Strukovym. Kwathi, enyanisweni, imyuziyam yokuqala imfazwe ka 1812, olwaqhubeka kwaze 1929.

Alithandabuzeki elokuba, baseRashiya ebesoloko ingqiqo ezendeleyo izwe nombulelo abo ezingalweni akhusele ilizwe labo ezintshabeni. Lafumana ibinzana elingqalileyo kule isigqibo kwisikhululo abasebenzi sikaloliwe Borodino, wadala 1903 kwiziko lo mboniso sesikhululo eyahlulelwe ukuba iziganeko imfazwe kunye uNapoleon.

umyalo wenkosi

Oku sele ixesha lesibini ukuya Museum of the Patriotic War of 1812, vula ngokuzithandela, kuye kwenza uMlawuli Nicholas II lokukhupha umthetho yokuseka yesikhumbuzo kawonke kwimemori esi siganeko, iminyaka apho kungekudala sibonile. Kucacile ukuba eli linge kakhulu izandla onke amacandelo oluntu.

Khokela umsebenzi wekomiti, apho babenikelwe ukuba udale ku Moscow Museum of the Patriotic War of 1812, wabelwa Colonel General Staff Vladimir Alexandrovich Afanasyev. Olu lukhetho nto ngengozi - ube Connoisseur enkulu yembali kunye ngokuthanda bokwenene Russia, buqu Vladimir Aleksandrovich waqokelela isixa esikhulu zezibonelelo ukukhuthaza ukufunda iziganeko ezo minyaka ekhumbulekayo. umsebenzi wakhe njengentloko wekomiti, waqala kunye nempapasho phecana eyayinikelwe ingxaki ngokukhetha indawo imyuziyam elizayo.

Ekubhiyozeleni leminyaka

iminyaka emithathu ngaphambi kokuba engama ebalulekileyo Palace ohlekisayo - annexe ime kwi eludongeni elisentshona yesicelo - wadalwa imyuziyam encinci kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngo-1812 e Moscow kulo mcimbi yaba impendulo eliphilileyo kakhulu, yaye Ibhotwe Street, leyo wagcinwa lo mboniso, ukuba wayesoloko ezixineneyo.

Ngu ekuqaleni kwimibhiyozo eziphambili kwenzeka ngo-1912, xa kumasango i Museum Imperial Historical sele iqalile mboniso engundoqo, elisuke laba sisiphumo wekomiti, elikhokelwa V. A. Afanasevym. ukuvela yakhe yafakwa kumagumbi ezisithoba nganye indawo yayo focal.

Ukongeza, iindwendwe zanikezelwa kunye ngokukodwa savela St. Petersburg ukupeyinta Vasiliya Vereschagina, uyayenza uthotho "1812" kwaye zigcinwa kwi Russian Museum. abangela umdla omkhulu ziyalungiswa ezinikelwe imyuziyam ukusuka nomqokeleli evenkileni kunye umxhasi A. A. Bahrushina. Oko ngenxa yalo mboniso engama eyayicwangciselwe ukuba ukudala imyuziyam emva kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II ngo-1812 eMoscow.

Iimeko Uzityhobozile zonke izicwangciso

umsebenzi kwi ekudalweni myuziyam kuphelisa imfazwe impiriyali kunye Emva revolution Oktobha akatsho watyhala iprojekthi kangangexesha elingenammiselo. V. A. Afanasev, abenikwe xesha elikwinqanaba uMajor General, eyeke ngokuzithandela ukuya iiBolsheviks, kodwa banesifo kwafika phantsi kaStalin esinye "ezihlambulukileyo" waza wabanjwa ngezityholo ukubandakanyeka omnye wemibutho anti-eSoviet. Ngethamsanqa, avuleke thaca kwi-1912 mboniso konyaka, ziye alukapheli, yaye zigcinwe kwi abaluqilima Museum of History.

kwiinkulungwane ezimbini emva Borodino

Kwadlula iminyaka, sisondela isikhumbuzo ukugxothwa abahlaseli Napoleonic Russia. lo xesha lokubhiyozela bicentennial ngesiganeko njengale. Kwiminyaka emibini ngaphambi kokuba isikhumbuzo kokwakhiwa ngumnquba ekhethekileyo ngendlu avuleke kuwo ukusuka abaluqilima Museum of History, olusekelwe phezu izinto eziqokelelweyo kwangethuba 1912. Ukususela mali karhulumente ukulungiselela le njongo, amakhulu amane anamanci mane yezigidi engange ezazabelwe.

Wonke umsebenzi lwenziwa phantsi ukusekelwa-Ofisi yoMphathiswa wezeNkcubeko, zigqitywe ngo-2012, yaye imibhiyozo ekuqaleni Museum of the War of 1812 (idilesi :. Moscow, Revolution isikwere, 2/3) iye yavulwa. Esi siganeko senzeke ngomhla ngoSeptemba 4, yaye kwiintsuku ezimbini kamva Hall wakhe wafumana iindwendwe yayo yokuqala.

Ezinkulu akhasayo kunye exposure kakhulu

Ukungakhuseleki Museum entsha ezinkulu. Ziqulethe amawaka amabini rarities, kuquka izixhobo ezo minyaka, iiyunifomu, amaxwebhu ezinqabileyo, kwakunye imizobo ebonisa Imizobo yobuqhawe iziganeko kaHomer. Ukusabela le iindwendwe yaye izinto, obonisa ubuso engamanani amabini ezinkulu yembali ixesha, ookumkani ababini - Russian kunye nesiFrentshi.

Okokugqibela kwindawo yalo efanelekileyo phakathi fairgrounds kwikomkhulu ndawo, futhi Museum kweMfazwe Patriotic ka-1812. Izimvo yomsebenzi wakhe athethe ngokwabo. Amakhulu abantu kokujonga mboniso, bazimisele ukuba babelane ngamava abo nabo baza kuphela ukuba eze kuye. umbono wabo umdla ingakumbi kwaye zexabiso kanye kuba yinto ngengqondo evulekileyo, abantu ngokukhululekileyo baveze izimvo zabo.

Avuleke kakhulu ekhumbulekayo

Njengoko kubonakala kwiirekhodi emininzi ekhohlo iindwendwe lo mboniso, Isiqwenga enkulu umzobo oseludongeni yayintle thaca ekuqaleni sesichengeni. Le ngomfanekiso, ngokungummangaliso lasinda emva ngoDisemba 1931 yatshabalalisa itempile eziphambili Moscow eyakhelwe ukubonga kuMsindisi, eRashiya ukuba balahle ingxokolo Napoleonic. Umbhali walo - wayengumzobi odumileyo Russian kwinkulungwane XIX kade, uHenry Semiradsky - ezotywe lomboniso yimizekeliso gqitha, amnike ixabiso njengophawu invincibility ingalo Russian.

Phakathi kwayo kunye namanqaku umdla imiboniso omnye ngaphezulu unique thaca kwi mboniso. Oku ikrele lokwenyaniso kanye banawo kukaNapoleon wanikela kubo ukuba Bala Shuvalov ukubonga lokugcinela kuye isihlwele kuhambo lwabo ukuya kwindawo esekuthinjweni kwisiqithi Elba.

Kwakhona bamhloniphe kunye nomsebenzi ngendlela multi-media inkqubo exposure ehlanganisiweyo, nto leyo evumela ukuba abonise umbandela thaca kwi umboniso yakhe iividiyo kunye ukudlalwa iimaphu animated amadabi.

Isimemo Museum

Bonke abazisa kwimbali yelizwe lethu, oko kuya kuba 'umdla yaye iluncedo ukundwendwela Museum kweMfazwe ka-1812. Ivula iiyure: ngoLwesihlanu nangoMgqibelo - 10:00 ukuya 21:00, yaye ezinye zeveki - ukususela 10:00 ukuya 18:00. Kucingelwa ukuba uviwo ngamnye mboniso nokucwangciswa imisebenzi. Museum of the Patriotic War of 1812 eMoscow kule dilesi inikwe ngentla, ithatha umnquba ezinemigangatho emibini, ephakathi kwe Moscow City Koti kunye kumasango i-Old Mint.

Kunzima ukuba zazi ukubaluleka ukuba myuziyam kukuba imfundo abemi Russian, ingakumbi phakathi kwabantu abatsha, iimvakalelo luthando lokhokho nobuthandazwe. Nje kwenzeka ukudalwa yesikhumbuzo wanikwa ingqalelo kangaka lonke ixesha liye laphela ukususela ngaloo mihla, xa wokugqibela amajoni uNapoleon babeshiya eRashiya.