Museum-Estate of Mouravieff-Apostol, eMoscow: inkcazelo, imbali umdla facts

Manor Mouravieff-Apostol eMoscow e Old Basmannaya esitratweni - enye izacholo eyinkunzi. Decembrists Museum, elivulwe ngendlela nandawo endala, sazi iindwendwe yesehlo kabuhlungu, nto leyo eyenzeka kwi- Yeengwevu Square, kunye nobomi yezikhulu eMoscow. Ukongeza kulo mboniso ephambili, kukho imiboniso nantambama zomculo, iintetho.

indaba

Ngenkulungwane ye-18 indlu ibekwe kwihlomela-eMoscow, kufuphi mveliso eyolukiweyo, owned, ifana nendlu, umthengisi Babushkin. Ukukhunjulwa usomashishini iye yabanjwa kule nxalenye ye sixeko de 1964, kwaye kwendlela ezikufutshane nabo. Lukyanov igama umenzi ugogo. Ngowe-1795, loo ndlu ocande ilifa Prince Volkonsky, apho umrhwebi wamnika intombi yakhe. Ukwisikhundla ulwakha ngenxa nandawo, kodwa kungekudala uthengisa zomkhosi wakhe umhlala Yakovlev. Umnini omtsha welifa lizwe restructures, amnike njengohlobo classicism emva kwexesha.

Ngubani ayaziwa umbhali kweprojekthi, kodwa uceba ngendlu ithwala utyikityo lwe wezakhiwo I. D. zhukov. Kamva indlu ngokuphindaphindiweyo watshintsha abanini, phakathi kwabo sisidwangube Saltykov EA, Count Vorontsov R. A. Malunga ngo-1815, kule propati emaphandleni yathengwa kwi propati Praskovya Ivanovna Hrushevsky, owaba ngumfazi wesibini ka Ivana Matveevicha Muraveva-Apostol.

yentaka zonakale

Phakathi kweendonga le Pomakazi sasigcwele ubomi ekuhlaleni, ayemka, iibhola anikiweyo, abaninzi privechayut leNdlu yeeNgwevu abanempembelelo Ivan Mateyu Muraviev-Apostol. Manor wabona nosaziwayo ezifana Imbongi Batyushkov sifakwe kwi intsapho ngo-1816. Kukho amacebiso ukuba wayebeka imenyu Pushkin AS

Indlu sasigcwele, kutyelelo kubazali bayo kudla wayeka koonyana Hippolyte, Sergei noMateyu. Ubomi nempumelelo, kodwa eli xesha lixesha ngokuzalwa intshukumo Decembrist, eyaba nxaxheba abakhutheleyo ezintathu unyana ntsapho. Emva kwako Ippolit Muravev-Apostol, engafuni ukuba ubanjiwe, wazibulala. Sergei waxhonywa esidlangalaleni, yaye uMateyu wathunyelwa eSiberia ukuze asetyenziswe nzima. Ngowe-1822 waba wathengisa kwilifa.

Decembrists Museum

Emva Mouravieff-Apostol House lithengiswe izihlandlo eziliqela, kude kube 1840s, lo lendlu andazekanga i-Alexander Mariinsky yokuhlala iinkedama. WeSibini imigangatho mezzanine banikwa indawo yokuhlala, kodwa kumgangatho osezantsi kwaye yokuhlala Lodge yezindlu, iivenkile, workshops wezandla. Mouravieff-Apostol Manor iye yaba yindawo enhle iinkedama de 1917.

Ngowe-1925, iSoviet yaBantu Commissar Lunacharsky izicwangciso ukuvula imyuziyam le Decembrists kwaye ngaxeshanye kulo mcimbi ukuya ikhulu le mvukelo, kodwa ingcamango sele akafunyanelwanga phambili ngokwenene. Endaweni iiholo museum indlu aguqulelwe indlu zoluntu, nto leyo negalelo dilapidation ngokukhawuleza. mbono lokuqalwa myuziyam ke idada emoyeni, kodwa ndaqonda kuphela ngo-1986. Isakhiwo waba lutshabalale, yaye xa 1991 yemayini ngezinyuko, ivaliwe ngenxa ukubuyiselwa. Ngokutsha kunye nokudideka negalelo intshabalalo ngakumbi - mali kwakungekho umsebenzi wokubuyiselwa samiswa.

ukuzalwa

E Moscow, uninzi ezikhumbuzo zembali ezilahlekileyo, ukuba yezizathu ezininzi. Le zemizi kwakhona watshona zisabonakala ukuba kungabi uhlobo yindlalifa Kristofer Muravev-Apostol. ookhokho Manor kwadlala indima enkulu kuye. Abasemagunyeni waya kumkhawulela umnqweno wakhe ukuvuselela ilifa, yaye yaqashwa igumbi iminyaka 49. imisebenzi Ukubuyiselwa lwenziwa kwi zobugcisa zakutsha nje, ngaleyondlela kulondolozwa sikhokelo ukuthembeka ipomakazi lendlu. Ukuze ubone iindonga endala kumagumbi kakade ngamaqhekeza esilushiye luvuliwe kwi kwiplanga.

Entendelezweni, leyo ngaphambili wayeka yi umqeqeshi, imisebenzi ukubuyiselwa bathwalwa phandle. Izinto zakudala kufutshane isakhiwo, kuboniswa kwiziganga myuziyam. Kwesi sithuba zendlu ngeenxa zonke kumgangatho ongaphantsi efunde eninzi lamanqanaba yaye ke ngoko, nangona ubukho iifestile, nanzo zimbelwe ukusuka elangeni. Kwicala ngaphambili ukususa umaleko womhlaba kwinqanaba yayo yoqobo akunakwenzeka, kwaye ukusuka eyadini yakwazi ukucima indawo umaleko zembali, kwaye ngoku ongaphantsi ivuliwe. Kwiindawo asezantsi Pomakazi ngaphambili wagcinwa ekhitshini, kakuhle walondoloza iwayini, amagumbi asetyenziselwa izinto ngezinto.

Ukulondolozwa Museum-kwilifa lemveli sembali ikhutshwa phandle iindlela zale mihla: lobushushu rhoqo kwaye ilawulwa nokufuma.

bokwakha

Manor Mouravieff-Apostol eMoscow - indlu ngomthi nemigangatho emithathu, yakhelwe kwisiseko ngezitena emhlophe. Olungaphambili lwenziwe indlela classicism kade eMoscow. Tall iifestile kumgangatho wesibini zifihliwe emva ose- yamaGrike, ezihonjiswe imiqolo aseKorinte. imikrolo Ngaphezu ngeefestile ibekwe umfanekiso obhityileyo imixholo yamandulo. Icala lasekhohlo lwesakhiwo ebheke ezinqumlayo ukukhanya kuphelela, luzele rotunda ukukhanya omise.

Amagumbi Umgangatho yesibini idityaniswe isuti, apho kwelo gumbi, lokulala ngaphambili, umdaniso, kwigumbi lokuhlala amabini kunye nezo rotunda. It has omnye umsebenzi osemqoka Pomakazi - Uphahla kuzo zonke magumbi eziphakamileyo ezahlukeneyo. Museum-Estate of Mouravieff-Apostol - isithuba ebuyiselweyo apho alondolozwe ngenyameko konke oko bekunokwenzeka. Ngokutsho kumlawuli imyuziyam Tatyany Makeevoy, restorers wambonisa lonke lobungcali emsebenzini yaye nolwazi lweshishini. "Phantsi yophahla - imikrolo walondoloza, siye wahlamba nje ukusuka ipeyinti oyile. Yonke into eyayiza kwenziwa asindiswe, siya kusindiswa ", - watsho Makeyev.

Museum owayephila

Manor Mouravieff-Apostol namhlanje - indawo imyuziyam le nemigangatho ezimbini zokuqala, umgangatho wokugqibela mezzanine - zokuhlala. Lo mboniso esisigxina lunikezelwa kusapho Decembrists. Iqulathe ileta yokugqibela unyana Sergei kaThixo, wathumela ukususela kwinqaba kuyise. Kuyo uyasibongozela ukuxolelwa ngenxa intlungu eyayiza uyizise usapho yokufa kwakhe, kwaye amcele ukuba ukushiya ngaphandle elugcinweni oonyana bakhe ababini. Le leta - amazwi yasinyusayo iRussia ukuba ingasonjululwa ziindlalifa. kuba unalo igumbi ezizodwa, apho omnye umboniso kwisikrini kuphela.

Le enegumbi elinamagumbi kumgangatho wesibini eyayinikelwe kwimbali intshukumo Decembrist. Apha uyakwazi ukufumana izinto zobuqu, albhamu, imifanekiso, zobuciko yosapho yaye isondela abantu. Kanye kwisithuba myuziyam, abatyeleli bazifumane emoyeni kwenkulungwane ye-19. Kakade kwi ngezinyuko ozukileyo kubulisa umninimzi ngamnye Vinogradov, hayi kanye mandithi, umfanekiso wakhe kwikhadibhodi. Xa emagumbini Pomakazi inokufumaneka imifanekiso phantse yoopopayi onke amalungu entsapho kwi zangasese umdaniso kwinkulungwane yokugqibela.

Kwesakhiwo sivunyiwe ngokupheleleyo phantsi isithuba art, apho iziganeko rhoqo yenkcubeko. nophahla amanqugwala kwaye endaweni ebanzi zibhekisela amaxesha xa kwakukho Manor Mouravieff-Apostol. Imiboniso, iintetho, izifundo, ngokuhlwa zomculo, okanye nawuphi na omnye umcimbi ekuhlaleni mayamkelwe ezindongeni zendlu waphila. Ngo-2012, yaphawula apha ukhumbuleka indlu umhla kwifandesi Christie kaThixo, ekuqaleni kuka-2016 yaye de phakathi-ehlotyeni yabamba umboniso ifoto "Genesis", azinikele ubuhle bendalo. Umbhali ngemisebenzi - umfoti amanqugwala USébastien Salgado. Ukongezelela kwiziganeko ezibalulekileyo kule myuziyam kwaye bachitha iziganeko banye. Okulala sikwavulelekile ukuba iindwendwe kunye neendwendwe.