McIntosh (apile): inkcazelo, ukutyala kunye nokhathalelo

McIntosh esihlahleni - esithandwayo imithi yomyezo ekwindla lokuvuthwa. Evela eCanada, le ezahlukeneyo luphawulwa iziqhamo esivumba limnandi kunye iasidi abahlukene nobumnandi neelekese incasa. Apples Macintosh - i-etsobhileyo atshabalalisa imilo, kunye ribbing inobulwelwe; ngobukhulu elikhulu neliphakathi: ubunzima elisondeleyo 150-180 grams nganye. Peduncle elifutshane. Le Amakhasi ke ibhityile, umbala omthubi kunye ithinti eluhlaza, kungaba lula wahluliwe yintlama. On top - iziqamangelo umbala bahlazeke kwi-apile ezinkulu imibala emnyama purple. Kukho angwevu, anencindi umboniso engwevu inani elikhulu amachaphaza amancinci beige ongama. Iziqhamo ido- ukwanda medium, omhlophe (common kunye imithambo abomvu), amanzi futhi kumnandi kakhulu. Uncedo yezi ntlobo umgangatho yalo phezulu nokugcinwa kunye transportability.

McIntosh apple: Inkcazo

Trees McIntosh iintlobo ubungakanani medium of, enonkontsho ungqukuva ungelled, yehlukana kakhulu ngesandla. Amagqabi aluhlaza ukukhanya, pubescent elifutshane, imilo ngokubanzi ovate, elintlangothi agudileyo kakhulu. Izintso abadumileyo, ezincinane, kunye ahanjiswa kunayo. hardiness amandla zasebusika, kwakunye ukuthwala kukujaduka. Xa phakathi kwemithi kukho usuleleko olo kuphulukana ngokupheleleyo amathuba abo.

Wood ukususela kwinkulungwane elikude 18

Mac - apile, eye imbali yayo. Ngowe-1796 kwiphondo Ontario (United States, Canada), omnye Dzhon Makintosh wathenga ifama. Xa amalungiselelo msulwa igadi yafunyanwa eziliqela imithi apile. Xa kuhlwayelwe kwindawo entsha Yafa yonke imithi, ngaphandle enye, nto leyo eyaba ngukhokho yezi ntlobo McIntosh. okumnandi apile ngovuyo lwayo ukusingatha ukuya ku-1906.

Ukufumana ukuzalisa

Mac - apile, nto leyo lulutho ngokwenene abalimi yaye yenza isiseko kwiintlobo ezifana Spartan (ekuhlanganeni kweendlela kunye Yellow Newtown) Enkosi uwinile (kunye Papirovka), Amazing (kunye Reinette Simirenko) kunye malunga ezintandathu emaXhoseni elinesibini. Kwi-US, kunye inxaxheba Macintosh laphehlelelwa ukumelana ngokupheleleyo kukujaduka kwiBanga noPrisila, eziquka Vf gene ekhoyo.

McIntosh - ziintsapho ethandwa kakhulu kummandla ka-New England nakuMntla Melika. A lot of ukudla ziqulunqwe ngokwendlela yecash ezi apile krasnobokih okunencasa, ezo zifakwe zemfundo kumaziko menu yabantwana.

In Russia McIntosh esisikelwe kwimimandla Lower iVolga kunye North Caucasus, zibalwa phakathi iintlobo ekwindla ubizwa kancinane ngokwahlukileyo: Horoshevka Autumn, Yiwa kunye Autumn Zintle Krasnobokoe. Eyona amaninzi zifumaneka izitiya clone wachaza iintlobo - McIntosh ebomvu, umahluko ophambili phakathi kwabo - umbala ukutyabeka, ukusasazwa phezu bonke ubuso iapile.

Garden nursery, apho ngaphandle imithi McIntosh apple ezikhoyo kuluhlu enkulu kwezinye iintlobo, wosondeza ophezulu kakhulu izinto umgangatho ukutyala, nto leyo pay likhulu ngokwayo kwixesha elizayo. iziqhamo Krasnobokie uya ayivathise nawuphi na umyezo novuyo esimnandi kumntu wonke, ukuze bacikidwe phakathi kwabo. Apple izithole, ixabiso apho uyagwetyelwa ngokwezoqoqosho kwaye uya kumkholisa zonke myezo, ungasoloko ukuthenga ziyafumaneka kwindawo yokuthengisa izithole egadini kuba nolwando ngesakhiwo yayo.

apile McIntosh: okunencasa kunye nempilo

Fruiting imithi abatsha iqala kwi unyaka nonyaka-6-7 ubudala ebomini. Qiniseka ukuba esweni isixa amaqanda kunye neziqhamo. Kunye ezingaphezu yabo apile ziya kuba ezincinane nedospevshie. Ukuqokelelwa apile ekuveliseni ekupheleni kukaSeptemba, xa iziqhamo zigcinwe kakuhle kuhlala entsha phantse de Ekupheleni kobusika. apile McIntosh zilufanele ukutyiwa zombini ezintsha yaye alungiswa, ekwimo ijam, jam, jam, compotes kunye ayo. Garden nursery ngaso ezibonakalayo kuphela umgangatho ukutyala, nto leyo bugwetyelwe ngokupheleleyo ngokwayo nangononophelo ekunene kwixesha elizayo. Le ukuthenwa rhoqo, ukuchumisa benika, ingakumbi xa nisaqala zophuhliso. Apple izithole, ixabiso apho malunga ne-300 miri. /-PC., Ifumaneka kwi balimi ezininzi.

Iimpawu indiza

Ukutyala apile efunekayo ukuvelisa ekuqaleni kwentwasahlobo (phambi ibiselityatyambile ukuvula) okanye kwisithuba ekwindla (phambi kwengqele) emhadini ubunzulu eyenziweyo malunga-60 cm sangqa eemitha 1.0-1.2. Kumhlaba sandy kwi ezantsi emhadini 10 kucetyiswa ibuthuma-cm ngomaleko ngodongwe, zilinganisiwe oko, ngaphezu - 15 cm-umaleko zeentsalela zezityalo. Bonke abanye isithuba ukuba sifunxe ngumxube umhlaba ogrunjiweyo, umgquba, nezichumisi alinganayo.

Kwendiza imithi kwenziwa ukuze ingcambu njengomqala yabekwa phezu komhlaba kumgama 2-4 cm. Zokungcwaba yakhe umthi uya kuba kakubi ixesha elide kwendelisela iingcambu, angahlala ixesha elide fruiting. nomthi osandul 'ukutyalwa Young kufunekayo lalininzi ubunamanzi (3-4 amabhakethi amanzi). Kufuphi bubulumko ukuqhuba isikhonkwane apho ukuba zibaqamangele emthini.

Xa utyala kubalulekile ukuba uthathe ingqalelo ukufakwa efanelekileyo emthini. Ekubeni izityalo Macintosh perekresnoopylyaemym kucetyiswa kwesinye isabelo lokutyala imihlobo, entlahleni leyo eyenzeka ngaxeshanye nalo.

Imicimbi wokondla

Ukuze kwandiswe inani kunye nomgangatho isityalo kucetyiswa ukuba ukondla Macintosh-apile. Ngu imithi ikhula ngamandla qho kwiminyaka emibini kuyimfuneko ukwenza umgquba bethunana ngomlinganiselo 50-60 kg nganye nekhulu square metres. Lo msebenzi wenziwa ekwindla, ngokufuthi kunye nezichumiso kwizimbiwa.

Spring for eqhelekileyo ezikhulayo phantsi Macintosh kwenziwa nezichumiso nitrogen ezifana Ammonium Nitrate okanye Ammonium sulfate (kusekelwe-3 no-5 kg sq.m. ngamnye ngokulandelelanayo). Le vee nzulu bemba kumda wesangqa ngeenxa-umboko umthi ingalala nobunzulu 35-40 cm-izichumisi phosphate.

Amanyathelo okukhusela apile kwizifo kunye izinambuzane ziqhutywa ngoMatshi usebenzisa i-3% Bordeaux umxube. Emva ukubonakala yayisel 'ityatyambile, yaye emva kweentyatyambo eziyimfuneko ngokutshiza 0.5% of oxychloride yobhedu.

Njengoko kukho imiqathango eyongezelelweyo yokhuselo luyacetyiswa imba umhlaba kunye nokususwa ukhula, ukusika amasebe ezomileyo kunye kweentsholongwane ngejiki.

ukuthenwa

Umcimbi oyimfuneko ukuze kwakhiwe kunye nokususwa isithsaba womile kwaye amasebe ibuthathaka uwashiye. McIntosh - apile, apho loo msebenzi kufuneka, ukususela kunyaka wesibini kokufika: oku lokucheba nkqo yokuphuma isithombo. Eli nyathelo yenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukuyilwa amasebe osecaleni. Kwiminyaka elandelayo, ukukhula kumagqabi ngexesha lokugqibela, kufuneka ukuba ucuthe ukuya kwi-30% yabo ubude.

Pest Control

McIntosh - apile, enokuthi zinokuchaphazeleka izinambuzane ezifana iintwala, codling, sawfly, apile ngumtya. Eyona ndlela iqhelekileyo ukujamelana nawo - wokutshiza imithi nitrafena 3% isisombululo, 0.3% nesisombululo malathion, isepha okanye icuba kuqamba. Sizifihla emngxunyeni obunamandla nxamnye maphela "Olelkuprit", 400 grams leyo exutywe neelitha ezi-10 zamanzi.

Against nemalanana entwasahlobo ekuqaleni okanye uwe ufuna ndiwanqumle amasebe achaphazelekayo, indawo izilayi iphathwa nge-1% sulfate yobhedu ukuwafihla inowuthi egadini.

Nge ebusika esondela, efunekayo ukwenza iqela lemisebenzi ejoliswe ekuphuculeni ubuchule mthi ukuze sisinde eli xesha ebandayo:

• hilling komboko kufuma umthi kunye nomgquba zabo, umgquba okanye isichumiso;
• netshokhwe ngokuluqaba mhlophe okanye lime zemithi.