Lorentz zinguquko

ubucukubhede Relativistic - ubucukubhede ukuba ufunda isindululo lwemizimba kwi sesiqhelo kufutshane isivamvo sokukhanya.

Ngenxa yokuba theory kwezinto ekhethekileyo ukuhlalutya ingqikelelo simultaneity ngeziganeko ezimbini ezenzekayo kwiinkqubo ezahlukeneyo izakhelo inertial of reference. Nguwo lowo umyalelo Lorentz. Banikwa inkqubo elimisiweyo injini kunye H1O1U1, leyo ezinambuzelayo kuthelekiswa kwisantya sokupholisa V. nkqubo Thina bangangenisa ngobhalo:

Hou = K = K1 H1O1U1.

Sicingela ukuba iinkqubo ezimbini babe ufakelo ezizodwa iiseli photovoltaic, ezo ingabekwa amanqaku AC kunye A1C1. Umgama phakathi kwabo iyafana. Kanye phakathi phakathi A no-C, A1 no C1 na, ngokulandelelana, B kunye B1 kwintlanganisela ukubekwa nezibane. izibane ezinjalo zikhanyiswe ngexesha elinye ngomzuzu xa B kunye B1 ke, elinye nelinye.

Masithi kwi lokuqala K ixesha elimisiweyo K1 zihambelana, kodwa izixhobo zabo lisisiqalo kwi omnye komnye. Ngexesha lentshukumo K1 isalamane K ngesantya of V ngaxa lithile ixesha elilinganayo B1. Kweli nqanaba kwezibane xesha, ukuba kwezi amabala ukhanyisela. Mkhanyo, ibekwe kwinkqubo K1 ibhaqa isahlakalo ngaxeshanye A1 ukukhanya C1. Ngokufanayo, babukele kwinkqubo K oqondela imbonakalo ngaxeshanye zokukhanya A no-C Kulo mzekelo, ukuba mkhanyo kwi K uya kusithimba ukukhanya isixokelelwano sabasasazi K1, uya kuqaphela ukuba ukukhanya elalivela B1 akayi kuza ngaxeshanye phezulu A1 no C1 . Oku kungenxa yokuba inkqubo K1 sihamba ngesantya V kuthelekiswa inkqubo K.

Oku kuqinisekisa ukuba obukeleyo wondele isiganeko inkqubo K1 kwi A1 no C1 kwenzeka ngaxeshanye yaye akayi kuba ngaxeshanye imida njengombukeli kwi K ezinjalo iziganeko. Oko kukuthi, ixesha lekhefu kuxhomekeke kwinkqubo reference.

Ngenxa yoko, iziphumo zohlalutyo zibonisa ukuba ukulingana samkelekile ukukhanda classical, kugqalwa mthethweni, ezizezi: t = T1.

ulwazi oluvela iziseko kwezinto ezizodwa ngenxa yokuba uhlalutyo yeseti experimenti ezicetyiswayo Lorenz equation (Lorentz inguqu) eziphucula classical UGalileo inguqu.

Masithi kwi K Isakhelo icandelo AB, leyo sinxibelelanisa onke A (x1, y1, Z1), B (x2, y2, z2). Ukususela inguqu Lorentz kwakusazeka ukuba uququzelelo y1 kunye y2, kunye z2 kunye Z1 asitshintshe inguqu uGalileo. Iququzelela x1 kunye x2, nayo, utshintshe kwizibalo Lorentz.

Ke ubude abangakwaziyo AB kwinkqubo K1 yi leevoti ngqo notshintsho kwi inkqubo kwicandelo A1B1 K. Ngoko ke, kukho shrinkage relativistic lobude abangakwaziyo ngenxa zesantya linyukile.

Ukusuka Lorentz output ukwenza oku kulandelayo: ngesantya leyo ikufuphi isantya lokukhanya, kukho ekuthiwa-ixesha komlomo (amawele indida).

Masithi ngexesha elibekiweyo K phakathi iziganeko ezibini uzimisele njalo: t = t2-T1, kunye yexesha K1 phakathi iziganeko ezibini ichazwa njenge: t = t22-t11. Ixesha kwi nokulungelelanisa inkqubo kuthelekiswa apho kucingwa ukuba esisigxina, ubizwa ngokuba inkqubo efanelekileyo ixesha. Ukuba ixesha elifanelekileyo kwi K ngaphezu ngexesha elifanelekileyo kwindlela K1, ngoko singatsho ukuba izinga ngu zero.

Inkqubo mobile K, ixesha deceleration, nto leyo lulinganiselwa kwinkqubo ezisisigxina.

Ndisazi ubucukubhede ukuba imizimba ukuhambisa kuthelekiswa inkqubo kunye uqondisa isantya V1, kunye nenkqubo onjalo ihamba ngokunxulumene nenkqubo ezisisigxina zilungelelanise nesantya V2, isantya imizimba kuthelekiswa nokulungelelanisa inkqubo emileyo uchazwa ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: V = V1 + V2.

Le fomyula asifanele yokuqingqa uqina komzimba ubucukubhede relativistic. Kuba abanjalo ubucukubhede apho inguqu Lorentz asetyenziswa, le fomyula ilandelayo ubamba:

V = (V1 + V2) / (1 + V1V2 / cc).