Kutheni bathi Moscow - izibuko kweelwandle abahlanu?

Abaninzi kuthi ubuncinane kanye ebomini bakhe beva ibinzana Moscow - izibuko kweelwandle ezintlanu. Kodwa ukuba uthathe imephu yommandla eMoscow, akukho namnye uya kufumana nayiphi ulwandle ekufuphi. thina kutheni ngoko waqalisa ukuthetha? Makhe siqale ukusuka ekuqaleni.

imikhumbi Ukuhamba

Kumaxesha amandulo, kwakungekho imoto, akukho oololiwe, kungekho moya, ndinihlangule ukutya kunye nezinye imithwalo ezahlukeneyo isixeko bekuhlala. Ndifike ziyabanceda kwizithuthi. Kakade ke, iinqanawa kumaxesha amandulo azizange njengoko kunjalo ngoku. Namhlanje, ukuba baqubha kuchasene yi injini, kodwa ngaphambi kokuxoxwa kwetyala yayiqhubeka ngeentsontelo. Lo msebenzi wenziwe ihashe. Man isetyenziswe Wabakhapha phezu elunxwemeni. Noko ke, amahashe Kwaba nzima, kodwa umntu ukwenza umsebenzi onjalo nokuba nzima.

Ubungqina oku na umfanekiso Ili Repina ebizwa ngokuba "Barge Haulers kwi iVolga". Phezu kwayo umculi zazibonisa ukubulaleka-boatmen amadoda sihlwele-otyhafileyo abo kume emkhombeni ngeentsontelo. ubuso babo kwatshiswa yi ingqatsini yelanga, emabunzini abo egqunywe umbilo, impahla ibe madlavu yomsebenzi onzima. Eyoyikisayo ukucinga indlela amandla nempilo yanikwa aba bantu ukuze athwale impahla naphi na apho kuyimfuneko. Ngamanye amaxesha, umntu kwafuneka ekutyibilikeni ngeenqanawa ezinjalo ngendlela kwixesha lolayisho, nkqu amahlathi kunye amadlelo ukuba inqanawa laqhubeka indlela yayo ecaleni lomlambo. Ukususela ngoko, eli binzana waya, ukuba iinqanawa musa ukuqubha, uhambe.

Muscovites bayazi ukuba kummandla wabo apho Volokolamsk dolophu. Igama lale dolophu iquka iingcambu ezimbini "kufa" kunye "Lama". Le ndawo yavela kwi impahla enyanisweni umkhombe watsala apho ephuma amanzi Lama mlambo barhuqwe emhlabeni kulala Voloshni. ejikeleza Loo kwaqhubeka neenqanawa ezininzi kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi, kodwa ngenkulungwane XVIII, uMlawuli uPeter Omkhulu weza ingcamango ukwakha ijelo okhethekileyo. Kodwa ke ukukhankanywa yokuqala uyezibuko kweelwandle ezintlanu kwimbali iya kuba kamva.

umlambo Man-ezenziwe

UMlawuli uPetros I kwavela ithuba ukunciphisa wamanzi ukuya emkhombeni. Masithi ukusuka eMoscow ukuya Ryazan ukuqhuba inqanawa akuyomfuneko ayi 200 njengoko imoto, njalo kakhulu ngakumbi. Eyona nto kukuba lo mlambo kakhulu jiko, zibe eninzi ilenze kunye amathuba, ngoko umzila lungaphezu yemoto.

UMbu- wethu owavela dig imingxuma enzulu kwiindawo emlanjeni apho uzimisele kakhulu, uze uvale umlambo ijelo endala, hayi kancinci lo manzi apho, kunye umkhombe entsha kuwuzalisa. Nantso indlela ingcamango uPetros waqonda ezinye kumlambo oya!

Eneneni, kwaba lula kwaye elifutshane elidlulileyo le ndlela. Okumangalisayo kukuba, i ngcamango uvumelekile ukuba ukwakha misele kwiindawo apho zange zabakho. Ukuba le ndoda ayizange ukuba tsala ngokwakho kuye enqanaweni, kwaba ngokwaneleyo ukuba ndimbe channel enzonzobila, lwakwakhiwa umendo Navy.

Uya kumangaliswa, kodwa umnqweno esebenzayo nangoku eziqulathwe leyinene yeprojekthi enjalo. sakhiwa Phantsi kobunkokheli bakhe Vyshnevolotskiy Canal. Eli dama iqhagamshele ezimbini imilambo Tvertsa kunye Tsnu. Ngoko ke iinqanawa iVolga yeyela kuLwandle lweBaltic. Port kweelwandle ezintlanu kamva sakhiwe ngendlela efanayo.

amacebo kungaqatshelwanga

KoMlawuli Pet Veliky ngexesha wakhe wathabatha ukudibanisa i Moskva River kunye iVolga. Kodwa ezi zicwangciso azizange umiselwe ukuba lizaliseke. Ngenkulungwane XVIII, umlawuli wayalela ukwakhiwa uqikelelo, yaye xa yaveliswa oko, akuba ngomsebenzi, uPetros wathi ukudana lokuqala: "! Kodwa"

Ukwakhiwa itshaneli le yajika kuxabisa kakhulu kwaye kuthatha ixesha, njengoko kwakungekho technology ukuba unako ukukwenza oko ngokukhawuleza ngaphandle iingxwelerha. Kwaye siza zisondele ekuphenduleni lo mbuzo: kutheni Moscow ubizwa ngokuba nezibuko kweelwandle abahlanu?

Capital onxaniweyo

Ngamnye wethu uyazi ukuba ukusela amanzi empompini, ngenxa yokuba esi sixeko yakhelwe phezu kweendonga omlambo. Ngoko ke waba eMoscow. Embundwini womnyango wendlu zenkulungwane yamashumi amabini kwengqukuva uqala ukuphuhlisa ngokukhawuleza ukwenzela ukuba abemi abanakho amanzi acocekileyo. abasemagunyeni isixeko ngokukhawuleza kufuneka athathe nawaphi na amanyathelo.

Kwaye ngo-1931 kwagqitywa ukuzibandakanya emlanjeni omkhulu kwekomkhulu iVolga. yena kuphela ukunceda eMoscow kule meko. Kunyaka olandelayo waqalisa ukwakhiwa umjelo Great eMoscow. isakhiwo Grand sathatha iminyaka emi-5, yaye entwasahlobo ngo-1937, ijelo yakhiwe ngempumelelo.

Ubude bayo 128 leekhilomitha. Le Spring efanayo Matshi 23 iVolga bema imizuzu-3, kwaye iVolga channel ezaliswe ngamanzi. Ivankovskoe dama wakuzala, Aprili 18, amanzi avela iVolga abemi nisele ikomkhulu!

Kubonakala ukuba asingabo bonke Muscovites ukwazi oko ngendlela elide ukoyisa amanzi okusela.

EMoscow - isixeko-izibuko kweelwandle amahlanu

Nantsi ke impendulo yombuzo. Ukuvulwa lo mzila ngexesha Iosifa Stalina mthetho. Eli binzana ixilongo ukusuka imilebe intloko karhulumente eSoviet. Intsingiselo yalo binzana kukuba emva ulwakhiwo umjelo eMoscow "iVolga-Don 'ukusuka kwidolophu enkulu phezu kwabo ungakwazi ukufikelela:

• Sea Black.
• KuLwandle Azov.
• Sea White.
• KwiBaltic Sea.
• I lweCaspian Sea.

Isimo "izibuko kweelwandle ezintlanu" linokukwenziwa nje kuphela eMoscow kodwa zonke ezo zixeko ukuba anxibelelane amanzi kunye nemali. Le mizi ziquka Uglich, Volgograd, Kazan njalo njalo. Generalissimo eSoviet Union kusini ukwakha kwiiprojekthi ezinkulu-obungaka, ngoko wenze elichweba kweelwandle abahlanu eMoscow weza wakhumbula igama Stalin.