Kumbi Monastery, Moore: imbali neefoto

Ukususela encotsheni yenduli apho yoTshintsho Monastery e Murom, ivula ubuhle nguThixo babeziindleko olungathethekiyo. Ezi edge enkulukazi ngokwenene khumbula eninzi yabangcwele, kwakhanya elizweni Russian. Apha bamzukisa uThixo, umxhasi ezulwini usapho uPetros Fevronia, yena ukonga iqhawe wabo amandla kulya Muromets kwaye apha nje uphose umdala othobekileyo Serafim Sarovsky. Abantu abaninzi khumbula ilizwe Murom kunye woonongendi, nto leyo yaba yinxalenye ebalulekileyo yembali yayo.

I-ray yokuqala Orthodox kumazwe Murom

Kumbi Monastery e Murom, leyo yeyona indala e eRashiya, yasekwa Prince Glebom Vladimirovichem -, unyana ka-Prince Vladimir, bezise ukuba zikhanyise emhlabeni Russian Orthodox. Efunyenwe 1015 ukusuka kuyise ilifa kwisixeko Moore, ogama abemi ngelo xesha nangoku bangcwatyelwa ebumnyameni ubuhedeni, umthetheli ethile ukuze kulungelwe uhlale kuyo, wazimisa eyadini nokuvuka kwabo ecaleni Oka nokukhetha indawo kwakhe eweni, sene engqindilili ehlathini coast.

OngumKristu onenzondelelo, kungekudala wayalela ukuba ukwakha ecaleni etempileni yakhe Knyazhye Terem, naxa phakathi kwemithi zamandulo iindonga zawo log, hayi kuqwalaselwa kuphela usindiso umphefumlo wakhe, kodwa ke zonke iintlanga, inkosi kunye inkosi yaloo nto. Ubhaptizo mkhulu kangaka ezilahlekileyo enyeleni ehlathini - kube nzima kakhulu kwaye kuthatha ixesha, ukuba uYehova wazohlwaya ngenxa yemfundo yakhe isiqalo mhlaba Murom kunye kwasekusekweni weemonki.

Ubungqina ezikhumbuzo ngesandla-ebhaliweyo eminyaka

Ukuze ufumane inkcazelo engakumbi nini yaye ngubani yasekwa yoTshintsho Monastery (Moore), iinkcukacha kwi-ngqangi mdala kuzo bahlile beza kuthi ukususela kwinkulungwane XVI. Malunga imvelaphi yamandulo woonongendi njengobungqina kunye namanye amaxwebhu embali kwinkulungwane XII. Isixelela ukuba 1096 kufuphi iindonga weemonki wabulawa emfazweni nesikhulu Oleg omnye umlawuli Murom - Prince Izyaslav Vladimirovich (unyana Vladimir Monomakh).

yesandla elondolozwe yamandulo, kwaye inkumbulo ukufa omnye bahanahanisi ngakumbi Prince Yuriya Izyaslavovicha, owayelawula ukususela 1162 ngo 1174. indawo yokuphumla lakhe, njengoko oko kungqinwa i Ipatiev Chronicle, waba uMsindisi yoTshintsho Monastery e Murom, obegalelwe intsimi umyalelo wayo nefakiweyo inqaba entsha intsimbi icawa wamiswa. On nokuba yena iliwa okanye umqadi, ezifana ezihlangwini yayo, eyakhiwa Prince Gleb - ayaziwa. Yathi kuphela ukuba umzimba wakhe wangcwatywa kuyo.

Emva Ubalo uxwebhu esekhona zembali, elibhekisela kuMsindisi-yoTshintsho Monastery (Moore), umlando ekupheleni kwenkulungwane XV. Isixelela ibali ngayo ngo-1467 i-Novgorod boyar Fedor Boretsky - unyana odumileyo yeRhuluneli Umfazi uMarta, bakhokela umzabalazo yesixeko simahla Novgorod ngenxa kokuzimela Grand Duchy of Moscow, wanikwa ukuthatha kwi woonongendi izibhambathiso emishini phambi kokufa kwakhe. Kufuneka kuqatshelwe ukuba kwakuyinto eqhelekileyo ngelo xesha - esengozini yokufa, ukuze ongazishiyiyo zonke emhlabeni yaye "irenki abaziingelosi" ukufudukela kwelinye ilizwe.

Esi sixeko saba inkampu yomkhosi

Ngexesha phulo noloyiso kwi ikomkhulu Kazan Khanate, kwenziwa Ivanom Groznym, enye iindlela eentloko ezaxhobela Russian wacanda Moore. Spaso-Preobrazhensky weemonki yaba indawo kokuhlala kwakhe iiveki ezimbini, apho ezazakhiwe eYafo ngokuyidadisa kunye Struga ngenxa ekudibaneni Oka River.

iingxelo zembali ingxelo ukuba ngoJulayi waloo nyaka, esi sixeko wayefana inkampu yomkhosi. babesoyiswa ezitratweni neentente amaninzi intaba, osenonnye iiflegi idabi angabonwa yonke kunye namagorha, waza weva isandi izixhobo. Apha ukumkani Wayebukele eziphakamileyo kodonga lasekhohlo, nto leyo eMonastri kuba iindawo yokuwela phesheya Oka River, apho ihlathi Sakanskie.

isifungo umbusi ukuba

Ngaloo mihla, umkhosi Ivana Groznogo lomelezwe Murom layo. Isithethe uthi siyeka loonongendi, * uKhesare isibhambathiso ukwakha ibandla ilitye kuyo xa loyiso phezu ezintshabeni. Njengoko usazi, eli phulo yaphela Ibanjiwe Kazan, kwaye ngo-1655 ngenxa yelizwi lakhe okwamiswa akukho namnye, kodwa iicawa eziliqela, phakathi leyi kandziyisaka uMsindisi Cathedral, apho umlawuli wanikela anqabileyo impahla ibandla, iincwadi, imifanekiso kunye izambatho zizityebi.

Nangona hlengahlengiso ngokuphindaphindiweyo, kuloo ndlu yecawa asinda ukuza kuthi ga namhlanje, yaye sasidla look yokuqala. Xa emehlweni nto, nkqu krwaqu ngokudlulisa kwanele ukuba ukukhumbula umphandle le Moscow Cathedral of kwingcinga, kufutshane ngoko ke ukuba iimpawu zabo bokwakha. Oku ezintlanu-angqukuva, ngoko lifana indlela eMoscow ngexesha, yaye, okwakhiwe wayengaphakamanga lwefacade, yaye, Amanani laconic engqongqo zombini izakhiwo, ukudala kubonakale buqinile kunye lula kakhulu.

Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba uMsindisi yoTshintsho Monastery e Murom ufumbethe Ivanu Groznomu ukuba impumelelo yayo kwezoqoqosho. I noMlawuli wabhalela ubunini bakhe nempahla ezininzi - Imihlaba namakhoboka, owaba impahla yakhe. abalimi umsebenzi wabo ubugcine umzalwana iintsizi malunga isonka semihla ngemihla, avumele ukuba udandatheko elugcinweni-umphefumlo kuzo.

Wokututa ibe amasela amazwe

Kwenye iingxelo zembali obusuka ukusuka kunyaka 1637, kukho ingxelo ukuba 1616, okt ekuqaleni kobukumkani uMikhail Fedorovich - nokumkani yokuqala yeNdlu Romanov, iqela Lithuanian abaxhobileyo phantsi umyalelo Aleksandra Lisovskogo wathabatha Moore. Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery, owasinda ngokungenzekelanga of the Time Iingxaki, waye bawuphanga le mihla, kwakunye nezo abemi, ukuba ngubani owala utshaba abulawe. Igama yinkokeli wona amahashe, ngokuphindaphindiweyo zibandakanyeke iphanga abahlali, wehla kwimbali kwaye laziwa ngogonyamelo nguzwilakhe.

makenze ukungathobeli

Bright kunye ngokupheleleyo wephepha kakhulu kwimbali banikwa iziganeko eyalandelayo ngenxa iinguqu ecaweni Kwaqaliswa yi uMphathi Nikon. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba phakathi ezintsha olwenziwe babo utshintsho olubalulekileyo ngendlela yonqulo, intshayelelo nokusetyenziswa entsha ethi ukusuka iincwadi zecawa zamaGrike, ngokubuyisela owayesakuba dvuperstiya kunye uphawu lomnqamlezo kwi troeperstie nangaphezulu.

Le guqula, ubengo, kubume bayo, kodwa kusiwa ukungxama kunye yokugula, waba uqhankqalazo phakathi amacandelo ezibanzi kuluntu yaye ityala ekwahlulweni ibandla, imiphumo athe waziva unanamhla. Ngokutsho yeziKronike zembali, ngaloo mihla omnye enqatyisiweyo amakholwa Old waba uMsindisi-yoTshintsho Monastery (Moore).

Archimandrite lakhe Anthony ngokuphindaphindiweyo wacela nje wabakhokelela ukuba, kodwa abahlali umzi isibheno apho isohlwayo utshintsho iyangqubana njengesiqhelo, umyalelo kothotho eminyaka yobomi ecaweni. Esithile ukugxekwa ngemfuno engummiselo abhaptizwe ngeminwe ezintathu. Wade wathumela incwadi Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich, leyo iinkcukacha amanqaku abacombululele iindawo zonke amabango ngokunxulumene kuphuculo.

Ngoko inkanuko malunga bemnyathela Symbol, ngokwembono yakhe, kona ukuhlonela uThixo wamandulo, umfundisi akazange athathe ingqalelo enye into ebaluleke kakhulu - le kuhlaziyo nje zamkelwe kukumkani, kodwa lwenziwe phantsi kwabakhweli wakhe. Ngoko ke, ngokumgxeka oko, wahamba inxamnye kwaphela nentando yobukumkani, yaye yintoni amaxesha eRashiya oko angohlwaywa?

Into ukuba ulindele. Ngowe-1662 stroptivets yasuswa kule ulawulo weemonki, yaye kamva ixesha wawabizela eMoscow, apho ityala lakhe kusetyenzwa ngayo izicatshulwa ngelixa kwiBhunga Local. Ngaba ukumnceda, nokuba siziswe esidlangalaleni yinguquko okanye iinkonzo zangaphambili amadlelo. Kuba umsindo kunye ifilosofi, yena anqunyulwe ngesidima, yimonki elula, wathumela ukubathobela ukuya kude kunye woonongendi amahlwempu, apho wachitha yonke imihla yakhe.

eminyaka elandelayo kubomi woonongendi

kunibabala kakhulu ubomi bezoqoqosho woonongendi yaba elishumi yokugqibela yenkulungwane XVII. Oku kwenzeka ngenxa yeminikelo, kushicilelwa ngokuphindaphindiweyo namali bakhe, Metropolitan Varsonofy - weza evela intsapho indala abarhwebi abazizityebi Chertkovs Murom. avela lwakhe wamisa umphathi amatye ngokutsha efunekayo ukulungisa Pokrovsky itempile.

wobukumkani uPetros I bazala iziganeko ezibalulekileyo, leyo wangena imbali weemonki. I ezintsha kuphela ezibalulekileyo ngeli xesha kokufunyanwa endaweni yayo kuphela kwiziko lemfundo - yesikolo, apho abantwana ababingeleli baqeqeshwa. Nangona inani labafundi yayimfutshane kuyo, kuba isivuno izicacele, ekubeni yena waba liziko lokuqala lokufunda nokubhala kule ndawo enkulukazi.

Ubunzima ngexesha Catherine

ubunzima abaninzi kunye nobunzima, wawunyamezela Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (Moore) ngexesha lolawulo uCatherine II. ukuchuma umnotho kakubi zibethe umgaqo-nkqubo wayo secularization, oko kukuthi, kukuyeka lilifa kumazwe emishini, kaninzi lo mthombo uphambili wengeniso abanini bazo. Amathuba anikwe kuye ngexesha Ivana Groznogo zorhwebo, woonongendi waqalisa ukuhla.

Le meko wawunzima kukuba ngommiselo, ufikile ukusuka St. Petersburg ngowe-1765, kwapheliswa ibekwe kufuphi Borisoglebskaya eMonastri oyindoda kunye nabemi balo wafudukela Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (Murom). Ingeniso evela koku, Kakade ke, liye ayanyuswa, ngelixa inani emlonyeni ukondla liye landa. ithe-onothando uThixo qinisa amabhanti zabo ngokusondeleyo cassocks zabo.

Ummangaliso-yokusebenza icon ye iAthos

test strip, wazibeka lendela ngenxa yekratshi labo zangaphambili, waze yoma zenkulungwane ilandelayo, xa umphathi waqeshwa Archimandrite Anthony (Ilyin). Sinqanda uqoqosho ikwimieko embi gqitha, oku abathobekileyo, kodwa enokwenzeka kakhulu, umfundisi waqala ngokuthi waya phezu oluya oyiNgcwele iNtaba iAthos, apho ukuze bacele uncedo amagunya ezulwini.

imithandazo yakhe yaphendulwa, yena phambi abuya nge icon ngokungummangaliso nguMama kaThixo "Quick Phulaphulani", nto leyo nangoko yatsala izihlwele zihamba uye walungiselela ekungeneni kwemali kweli yobuncwane weemonki. Ngenxa oku, kwiminyaka embalwa elandelayo sakwazi yokuvuselelwa uze ungenise iphetshana elifanelekileyo zonke wabola yi ngexesha izakhiwo weemonki.

Ukongeza, ngo-1892 kufuphi lwakwakhiwa udonga akumazantsi woonongendi ibali emithathu-ukwakha ngezitena, leyo kwaku iiseli emaqandeni, wakha elinye ibandla ngowe-1907, eli xesha imbeko lamangqina Chersonesus. Yaba isakhiwo wokugqibela kwenziwa kwi woonongendi. Ngokukhawuleza ehlabathini isondela intlekele, wawa phantsi eluthulini ubukhosi enkulu, iminyaka engamashumi amaninzi ukuba bahlukane ebantwini Russian iingcambu zawo zokomoya.

Phantsi kwedyokhwe amagunya abaziintshembenxa

Kungekudala emva exhobileyo kwabhukuqwa AFP ngo-1917, yoTshintsho Monastery (Moore), idilesi yakhe ukususela ngoko baqala zibonakaliswe yi igama I. olululo N. Lukina, lavalwa. Isizathu sokuba leyo inxalenye Abbot wakhe Bishop Mitrofan (Zagorski) kwimvukelo anti-ye'Bolshevik, aduma Murom ngoJulayi 1918 baze balungiselele White Guard phantsi komhlaba. Noko ke, kwaba kwi yoTshintsho Cathedral waqhubeka ukuba abe isonto eminye iminyaka emibini. Yahlala ezivulekileyo emangcwabeni weemonki, apho imingcwabo bathwalwa ngaphandle abangalwiyo.

Kule eko, ngowona mbuzo ngokufuduswa kumasango woonongendi phantsi kolawulo Murom Museum lwazi, kodwa ekupheleni kweminyaka, ukuba ibekwe iyunithi wamajoni, kunye nezakhiwo ezininzi ahlala isixeko NKVD. Engcwele Spaso- (Moore) ukuba ngokuyinxenye kudluliselwa ziimyuziyam, kodwa inkoliso yazo nje zitshatyalaliswe okanye buphangwe.

Ukubuyiswa eMonastri (okanye mandithi, Amanxuwa awo) esifubeni kwebandla

Inkqubo ngokubuyisela amakholwa impahla sookhokho babo yaqala ngo-1990, xa abameli iqela mzamo kumisa phakathi komzi, wathetha ileta eya wobunkokheli bekomiti elawulayo kunye nesicelo ukudlulisela uMsindisi-yoTshintsho Monastery (Moore), idilesi yayo ngu: str. Lakin, 1, xa ilifa uluntu zonqulo entsha. iphulo kwabo kuye kwaxhaswa academician D. S. Lihachovym, funa uncedo kweenkokeli zecawa aphezulu.

Ukoyisa kobunzima endleleni, kwadlula malunga neminyaka emihlanu, kodwa ekugqibeleni ezigcinwe kwiyunithi woonongendi zomkhosi wafudukela kwindawo entsha ngokukhulula zonke izakhiwo basinda. Ke irhuluneli ekuvuseleleni woonongendi waba indela KIRILL (Epifanov).

Xa yakhe, umfanekiso, ukunika kuye kutyelelo yokuqala woonongendi, waba uxinezeleke ngokwenene. Gumbi, ndayeka emkhosini, isiqingatha batshatyalaliswa, kwaye yokwakha iitempile zabandezwa kuphela, uphahla, kodwa uphahla. Sisazi ukuba imali kwabo kwakukho akukho recovery angamelwa ngokupheleleyo ukuntsonkotha mngeni ejongene irhuluneli.

EMonastri yesibini wasindiswa ukuba icon efanayo nguMama kaThixo "Quick Phulaphulani", bezisa kanye ukusuka kwiNtaba iAthos Archimandrite Anthony kunye ngokungummangaliso laphila xa izinto zakhe kakuhle-ntle. Kwaye nangona eli xesha akafikanga eGrisi, kodwa yeengqokelela yimyuziyam lwasekuhlaleni, nto leyo igcinwe iminyaka emininzi, ummangaliso liphindwe ngokuchanileyo emangalisayo - ifike isihlwele kwakhona nabasemzini, yaye ukuba sele yafika phezulu kunye nokungena kwemali ukuthi alikwazanga kuqaqambisa ukubuyiselwa isixeko itempile Moore.

Kumbi Monastery kwixesha ukusuka ku-2000 ukuya ku-2009, wafumana inkxaso-mali enkulu evela Audit kwi Chamber of the Russian Federation, nto leyo yanceda ukuba ukugqiba yonke ngokutsha entsonkothileyo ocwangcisiweyo. Namhlanje iye abuyiselwe lonke uhlobo yayo yoqobo kunye nexabiso ndilufumeneyo elinye lamaziko zonqulo ibalulekileyo eRashiya.

Spaso-Preobrazhensky Monastery (Moore): Idilesi kunye amalungiselelo okuhamba

Okwangoku umsebenzi omkhulu kunye noxanduva. Ngokutsha emva kwamashumi ukuhla ngokomoya ezazikho kweli lizwe, yoTshintsho Monastery (Moore), i photo ungabona kweli nqaku, itsala amakholwa kuphela, wambopha kuye, kuqala kwiinto zonke, ukuba unqulo kwiindawo ezingcwele, kodwa abo, ngaphandle kokuchaza ngokwabo unqulo, oko unomdla elidlulileyo lwelizwe lethu.

Kuba bonke, Kakade ke, yinto entsonkothileyo enomtsalane izakhiwo zembali. It iqulathe kwamaziko ezintlanu, i engundoqo yona Cathedral, eyakhiwa iminikelo ngo-1552, nto leyo yenze Ivan Grozny kwi oyiNgcwele yoTshintsho Monastery e Murom. Ishedyuli Iinkonzo obuNgcwele, waqala emva kokugqitywa komsebenzi, ngokubanzi ngokuhambelana neshedyuli kweenkonzo kuwo onke amabandla Orthodox weli lizwe. Zeveki kusasa eziqala ngo 8:00 kusasa nangokuhlwa ngo 17:30. Ngeeholide nangeeCawa kubo ezongezelelekileyo ezinkonzweni emva 10:00.

Ngomhla kwimbali woonongendi kunye konke okwenzekileyo kangangeenkulungwane ezininzi neendonga zaso, singakwazi ukufunda amabali kwabakhokeli abafanelekayo eqhuba ukhenketho apho. Abo katsa ku inkolo woonongendi, ukuhamba, nceda uqhagamshelane: Moore, lundwendwe Centre of Kumbi Holy Monastery. Yena ekunokuqhagamshelwana naye ngokuthi woonongendi lilungu le website. Efuna ukuba bahlele lundwendwe kwabo nazo balindileyo woonongendi, esiku- ul. Lukin, 1.

engcwele emishini

I-kumila Monastery (Moore), ihotele leyo equka bobabini zokulala oyindoda kunye namasebe nemazi, kwakunye abahambi ngamnye zeentsapho, amaqela amakhulu zabanquli kufika kunyaka ngamnye. Kwaye Kungokwemvelo, banikwe ukubaluleka izinto ezingcwele ukuba agcinwe ezindongeni woonongendi.

Ngaphandle Marian icon "Quick Phulaphulani", nto leyo kukhankanyiwe kwinqaku, bonke kuza kufuneka ithuba ukunqula enye icon ezininzi iziqu of St. Seraphim of Sarov. Libhalwe ekuqaleni kwenkulungwane yokugqibela, ngoko nangoko emva noodadewabo Ukumiselwa Diveevsk waseka woonongendi kwaye ugcina isuntswana izinto ezingcwele ezingcwele umdala. Ngo-2006 ezi zonqulo Walekelwa reliquary yesilivere St nguMfundisi Ili Muromtsa, owaba kwase kwi lo amaqhawe yesizwe hero odumileyo - iqhawe iintsomi epics. Kwakhona, imbali yonke woonongendi kubonwa nje ingoma emangalisayo Bojana ukuprofeta, waphila, waba ebonakalayo imihla yethu.