License for imisebenzi zebhanki ekhutshwe elide kangakanani?

Isigqibo kubhaliso imo naliphi na iziko mali yamkelwe yi-Central Bank of Russia. Yakuba ulwazi malunga ukuwa yebhanki kwirejista enye, ubophelelekile ukwazisa malunga zonke tshintsho luza kwenzeka. License for imisebenzi zebhanki esikhutshwe yi-CB.

definition

Okokuqala, makhe ucacise into eyenza "ilayisensi." A mvume lithathwa imvume ekhethekileyo ekhutshwa ngurhulumente, ekwimo uxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni kunye ezithile umxholo, ifomu kunye nexesha.

Xa sithatha le nkcazelo ingentla njenge isiseko ongeze kuyo kwizicatshulwa Isahluko 2 oyiBanking Act, ukufumana inkcazo ilayisensi yokuqhuba imisebenzi zebhanki.

Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba imisebenzi zebhanki - isigunyaziso ekhethekileyo evela kwi Bank of Russia ekubulaweni lwemisebenzi zebhanki ngohlobo uxwebhu lwaseburhulumenteni egunyazisa iziko mali transfer elungileyo ukwenza imisebenzi kulo kweebhanki elikhankanyiweyo ngaphandle ixesha.

Iintlobo zeelayisenisi

Zemibutho zebhanki iintlobo ngabatshatisi-mvume, ezifana:

• ilayisensi yokuqhuba imisebenzi Kukubhankisha engange (ngaphandle ilungelo ukutsala imali ebekiweyo abantu bendalo funds);
• ngokwenziwa kwemisebenzi kwi engange kunye currency amazwe (ngaphandle nokubanako ukuphakamisa imali efakwa abantu bendalo);
• ukutsala ukufakwa kwemali kunye nokubekwa amatye anqabileyo (ilayisenisi wahlukile mvume ukuze kuqaliswe imicimbi engekenziwa kwi imali);
• ekukhuliseni imali abantu efakwa (in lwemali kazwelonke);
• ekukhuliseni imali abantu efakwa kwi lwemali kazwelonke amazwe;
• ngokwenziwa kwemisebenzi kwi engange okanye mali lwemali lwasekuhlaleni nolwamanye amazwe ekubaleni amaziko zemali ezingezo-bank;
• ngokwenziwa kwemisebenzi kwi engange okanye mali lwemali kazwelonke amazwe ngenxa yokuhlaliswa kwamaziko zemali non-ebhankini, nto leyo baqhube imisebenzi imali abolekise.

License for imisebenzi zebhanki ekhutshwe:

• ukubandakanyeka iidiphozithi nokubekwa amatye anqabileyo;
• ukubandakanyeka iidipozithi abantu emzimbeni ngohlobo lwemali kazwelonke;
• ukubandakanyeka mali iidiphozithi abantu abathile lwemali kazwelonke amazwe.

Ilayisensi eyahlukileyo imbono jikelele.

ilayisensi jikelele

Loo mvume imisebenzi zebhanki esikhutshwe amaziko zezimali abagunyaziswe ukuba benze yonke imisebenzi kwaye azalisekise iimfuno zoMthetho Federal kwisixa-mali yakhe.

Kulo mzekelo, i-mvume kukubekwa amatye anqabileyo akufuneki ukuba ufumane ilayisensi jikelele. Umbutho othe mvume kunye nemali kwi-mali esizigidi 180 engange, iseke ngemvume yamasebe Central Bank kunye ofisi omele kumazwe angaphandle. Kwakhona, le iibhanki unakho, ngokungqinelana neemfuno Central Bank ukuba amise abaxhasi.

ilayisensi Jikelele imisebenzi zebhanki lisebenza inani mda leminyaka.

ezifunekayo ukuze kukhutshwe

Uxwebhu inokukhutshwa kuphela emva kokuba ubhaliso karhulumente kulo umyalelo, nto leyo ebekwe ngumthetho kunye nemigaqo ye-Central Bank yamkelwe. Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba imisebenzi zebhanki inika isalathiso apho lwangoku kusebenza ibhanki ukuba imali inxaxheba iminikelo, kwakunye ithuba ngokubeka amatye anqabileyo.

Ngenxa yokuba umba ikhupha ilayisenisi yayigqalwa eyongeziweyo ye-1% of capital sabelana. Ezi mali uzayo zengcebo lwabiwo-mali federal.

Ikhutshwe ilayisenisi kufuneka zithathelwe ingqalelo kuluhlu iilayisenisi ezikhutshiweyo. Loo uluhlu yebhanki Russian kufuneka apapashe Bulletin ye-Central Bank of the Russian Federation hayi ngaphantsi kwe kanye ngonyaka. Kulo mzekelo, lonke utshintsho asakhasayo kunye nezongezelelo kwenziwa nyanga hayi emva kwe omnye kwirejista ukusuka kumhla wokwenziwa oonyana babo.

Le mvume kufuneka siqulathe ulwazi malunga nokusebenza yebhanki apho eli ziko zemali unelungelo, kunye neenkcukacha malunga lwemali apho ibhanki umntu unelungelo lokusebenza. Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba imisebenzi zebhanki lisebenza inani elingenammiselo leminyaka. Ngamanye amazwi, oku umda ngexesha.

ukusebenza ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume

Ngokusekelwe yokuba mvume ekufezekisweni iziqinisekiso ekhutshwe ebhankini yi-Central Bank of Russia, imisebenzi ukuqhuba ngaphandle kolu xwebhu luya kukhokelela fayini kunye nezohlwayo-mali yenzuzo iyonke, yafunyanwa ngumbutho emsebenzini. Ukongeza, iziko isebenza ngaphandle kwephepha-mvume, kuya kufuneka ukuba uhlawule isohlwayo-mali federal phinda ubukhulu imali efunyenwe ngexesha lomsebenzi.

Izohlwayo kunye nezohlwayo evela enkundleni fanela yomtshutshisi okanye Central Bank.

I-Central Bank unelungelo lokwenza ibango lomqhubi amaqumrhu asemthethweni, isebenza ngaphandle mvume nasekuphumezeni imicimbi yemali. Imibutho ezinjalo zolawulo, yoluntu, ezomthetho kunye noxanduva mthetho. Ngelo xesha, ukuba mvume ukuqhuba imisebenzi zebhanki, kuyehla ukuya kumhla ukurhoxiswa kwaloo layisenisi yakhe.

ukufumana imvume

Ukuze ufumane ilayisensi, iziko mali kufuneka kuqokelela baze bangenise la maxwebhu alandelayo:

1. Isicelo sokubhaliswa karhulumente. Kule ngxelo, iinkcukacha ezipheleleyo yeziko mali kufuneka kuboniswe, kwakunye esilawulayo, ngalo ungenza adibane ebhankini.
2. Yimemorandam yonxulumano. Olu xwebhu inikwa, ukuba kuyimfuneko ngokomthetho federal. Nika eziyimfuneko nokuba zoqobo okanye ikopi eqinisekisiweyo.
3. Charter lombutho. Ngaphandle original okanye ikopi eqinisekisiweyo.
4. Isicwangciso soshishino. Ingcamango lomsebenzi ephuhliswa ezivunyweyo kwintlanganiso abasunguli. Olu xwebhu luqulethe ulwazi malunga abaviwa ngentsika intloko kunye lokuqinisekisa oyintloko, kwakunye nemvume mnqophiso. Ukubhala isicwangciso ishishini ingqalelo nemimiselo CBR.
5. Uxwebhu eqinisekisa intlawulo umsebenzi karhulumente kunye nemali mvume.
6. La maxwebhu kubhaliso wabaseki. Ezi ziquka uluvo Uphicotho-zincwadi ukuchana kweengxelo zemali ebonelelwe isiqinisekiso lokuhlola yerhafu kwi yokuqalisa kokuzinikela ngokweebhajethi yase kanye zendawo iminyaka emi-3.
7. Ukuxhasa amaxwebhu malunga nemvelaphi kweemali ezimiselwe ngokomthetho.
8. Iinkangeleko labaviwa kwisikhundla sokuba ngumphathi, zincwadi oyintloko, isekela kunye nezikhundla ezifanayo emasebeni bombutho. Ezi profayili kufuneka siqulathe zonke iinkcukacha eziyimfuneko: iinkcukacha ezizeleyo, ubume zokufundisa (ngokomthetho okanye yezoqoqosho) amava ubunkokheli entsimini efanayo, irekhodi itshekhi mthetho. Izicelo kufuneka zibhalwe ngesandla sakhe.

Bank of the Russian Federation ekulungiseleleni onke amaxwebhu liya kukhupha irisithi ebhaliweyo.

Ukukhetha bank Russian

Ukugqiba ubhaliso karhulumente kunye nokukhutshwa-mvume senziwe zingaphelanga iinyanga ezintandathu emva komhla wokungeniswa onke amaxwebhu afunekayo.

Emva kokuba ibhanki iya kwenza isigqibo malunga nobhaliso yeziko zemali, ithumela lonke ulwazi malunga ukuba umzimba ogunyazisiweyo, nto leyo eya kwenza ulwazi uluhlu olunye amaqumrhu asemthethweni.

Ngokwesiseko isigqibo amaxwebhu mayingeniswe kwibhunga ogunyazisiweyo zingaphelanga iintsuku ezintlanu yokwenza lo mbutho kwirejista karhulumente olunye amaqumrhu asemthethweni. Ngosuku olulandelayo, le nkcazelo ifanele ukunikwa i-Central Bank. Kwaye yena, naye, kwisithuba seentsuku ezi-3 ingxelo le ngcaciso wabaseki mbutho.

Okulandelayo, abaseki banyanzelekile kwisithuba senyanga ukwenza intlawulo eyinkunzi ebhaliswe mali ka-100%. Emva koku, iziko zemali lifumana uxwebhu eqinisekisa ubhaliso karhulumente kulo. Ngoko nangoko emva kokuba ubhaliso karhulumente lombutho iphepha-mvume ukuze benze imisebenzi zebhanki. Kuba elide kangakanani? CBR ayithi simele imiqathango yaloo layisenisi.

Amatyala Bank of Russia ukuya sokuchitha

Bank of Russia yayirhoxisa ilayisenisi ukuba:

• ixabiso isabelo ezinkulu kuncitshiswa kwi-2%;
• isixa-mali kwiziko lemali ungaphantsi umbundu ubuncinane kwemali yesabelo-mali Russian Federation eyamkelwe yebhanki ngomhla ubhaliso karhulumente lombutho;
• kwiziko lemali ngoyaba nemfuneko Central Bank phezu isilinganiselo umyinge wokuphelelwa lixabiso kokulingana kunye nomba wobulungisa;
• kwiziko yezimali akakwazi ukuhlangabezana namabango abatyalwayo kunye ukuzalisekisa iimfanelo zalo kwiintlawulo ezinyanzelekileyo.

Izizathu lokuyekisa

Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba imisebenzi zebhanki ingarhoxiswa ukuba:

1. Kwakukho izizathu zokukholelwa ukuba ingcaciso engenisiweyo ngokusekelwe apho uxwebhu sikhutshwe, uya kuba mthethweni.
2. Qala imisebenzi walibala imini ngaphezu kwesinye.
3. Izibakala ze data ukungathembeki.
4. ingxelo yenyanga sasibambezeleka iintsuku ezingaphezu kwe-15.
5. iziko Financial uzalisekisa imisebenzi ingakhankanywanga kule mvume.
6. Kulo nyaka, iziko zemali kumosha nemigaqo emiselwe yi imithetho yase kunye nemigaqo ye-Central Bank yeZenzo.
7. Waphawula ukuba ukungaphumeleli ngokuphindaphindiweyo ukuzalisekisa iimfuno ezimiselwe yinkundla unetyala zokuqokelela imali.
8. Kukho isicelo esivela kulawulo yethutyana esekwe ngokungqinelana noMthetho Federal "Xa amatyala abantu namaziko email."
9. I-Central Bank iye ngokuphindaphindiweyo wasilela ukunikezela ulwazi oluhlaziweyo kuyimfuneko ukuba ifakwe kwirejista karhulumente.

Ezinye izizathu apho iphepha-mvume yatshitshiswa ziya kuthathwa njengezingekho mthethweni. Isigqibo RF Bank ukuba ukurhoxisa uya ezizakubanesiphumo emva zokwamkelwa isenzo kwaye ngesibheno ingaphelanga inyanga enye ukususela kumhla wokupapashwa kwiGazethi.

Kwenzeka ntoni ebhankini emva ekucinyweni

License for imisebenzi zebhanki esikhutshwe yi-Central Bank of the Russian Federation, kwaye sirhoxiswe. Emva kokuba ukurhoxiswa ngemali kufuneka kuphele. Kwakhona, iziko zemali emva ekucinyweni:

• kuza ixesha yokwenza izibophelelo;
• eyeka ukuba accrual kwezohlwayo kumatyala;
• amaxwebhu emsebenzini umsebenzi vo propati (ngaphandle amaxwebhu isigqeba, zikhutshelwa ngokusekelwe kwakhona angahlawulwanga ngemivuzo, intlawulo yomvuzo, isondlo kunye nezinye iintlawulo) ezikhutshwe ngokusekelwe kwetyala yaye sisebenza kude ukurhoxiswa-mvume;
• imisebenzi engavunyelwanga yeziko zemali ngokohlobo yokuxazulula okanye yokwenza izibophelelo (ngaphandle imicimbi malunga eluncedo nokugcinwa iintlawulo, kwakunye neentlawulo benefit) de ukutyunjwa kwekomiti yimali okanye ungonakala umphathiswa.

ilayisensi ukubuya

iziko Financial, apho Central Bank ukubuyisa mvume, abaya kuwazuza ngayo ubume bombutho, nto leyo eqhuba ishishini banking wayo. Ngokuba lo ukurhoxiswa kuchophela olwaba le mvume. Ke ukuba kuthe ukuviwa uya kwenza isigqibo esifanelekileyo, i-Bank of Russia iya kubuya-mvume mbutho. Kwaye ke, simele siqonde ukuba kulo mkhuba egwebayo, imiba efana eziqhelekileyo, nasekuthandweni kweebhanki.

Ukongeza, ibhanki engundoqo abuyisele loo mvume kwi iphulo layo. Oku kwenzeka emva kokuba iziko-mali iya ukulungisa zonke iintshukumo zokwaphulwa kwemithetho awafunyanwayo phakathi uhlolo.

gama ilayisensi

Iphepha-mvume lokuqhuba imisebenzi zebhanki ngowamkelekileyo emthethweni, wuthintelwanga ixesha. Iziko zemali linokuyiqhuba yonke imisebenzi echazwe kule layisenisi kude kube lelo xesha njengoko akukho lurhoxiswe yi-Central Bank okanye akayi ayeke umsebenzi wayo.

Ifom ye-mvume Ungafumana kuphela umhla omnye - umhla wokukhutshwa mbutho wakhe wezimali. Nyaka ngamnye, i-Central Bank uphumeza uhlolo ejoliswe inzaliseko kumiselwe imisebenzi mvume.