Kakuhle eli ingxaki kunye neendlela zokusombulula i "North - South"

Kule mihla, ngaphezulu kunakuqala bekukho ingxaki, ngaphandle nto leyo nentshukumo okuqhubekayo abantu akunakwenzeka. Uqoqosho ibonakala kuphela inxalenye zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, kodwa ngokubanzi ivela kuphuhliso yayo kule nkulungwane yama-21 ixhomekeke ukulondolozwa yoxolo, ubume kunye nokusingqongileyo ephilileyo abantu, ngokunjalo nezenkolo, bulumko, kwaye yokuziphatha. Ingakumbi ixabiso iingxaki zehlabathi iye yenyuka kwisiqingatha sesibini senkulungwane yama-20, xa waqalisa ezichaphazela kakhulu isakhiwo yehlabathi kunye noqoqosho lwesizwe.

division indawo

Phambi siphengulule kakuhle eli ngxaki, "North - South", uya kuthetha ukuyilwa lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho lwehlabathi. Kwinkulungwane yama-20 kwangoko lonke uqoqosho lwehlabathi sele kwenzekile, njengokuba amazwe amaninzi ehlabathini iyababandakanya ubudlelwane zorhwebo. division Territorial yale ixesha liphelile, yaye kwasekwa izibonda ezimbini: amazwe kwezoqoqosho kunye amathanga abo - izinto ekrwada kunye ezihlobene zezolimo. Le yokugqibela inxaxheba kwicandelo ngamazwe yabasebenzi, kudala ngaphambi kokuba bekukho iimarike kubo yesizwe. inxaxheba oko lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe kula mazwe kwakungekho mfuneko kuphuhliso lwabo, kunye nokwandiswa kwemveliso ithi eziphuhliswe namuhla. Kwanasemva kokuba bewenza nokuzimela amathanga nimlahle kuqoqosho lwelizwe, oko kwasekwa, iye iminyaka emininzi ukugcina ubudlelwane iziko-sikwi. Ngoko ke, nkqu Sivela ingxaki "North - South", wazala imbambano ekhoyo ehlabathini.

nezimaphambili ezingundoqo

Ngoko ke, njengokuba usazi, intsebenziswano kwezoqoqosho kumazwe eziphuhliswe kunye ekuphuhliseni yayisekelwe hayi kwi nolwakho. Kakuhle eli ingxaki yehlabathi "North - South" amathumba phantsi into yokuba ithi ngasemva kwezolimo yingozi kwi kumanqanaba inter-regional yasekuhlaleni, yengingqi,, kwaye ngokubanzi ukulungiselela inkqubo yoqoqosho lwehlabathi. amazwe abasaphuhlayo inxalenye yoqoqosho lwehlabathi, ngoko iingxaki zabo zopolitiko, uqoqosho kunye nezentlalo aya entla ukuzibonakalisa sele kubonakaliswa ngaphandle. Phakathi ubungqina ezithile ezinokuthi zikhankanyiwe, umzekelo, ezinkulu-scale ngenkani yokufudukela iintlanga phambili kwezoqoqosho, ukusasazeka kwezifo ezosulelayo ehlabathini, ezintsha kunye nabo sele zicingeleka boyiswa. Kungenxa yoko le ngxaki yehlabathi "North - South" Ngoku ingqalelo enye yezinto ezibalulekileyo.

Ukuvala isikhewu kwizinga inkqubela kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo phakathi kwamazwe aphambili ngophuhliso kunye nokuphuhlisa, le yokugqibela ngoku befuna ukusuka yokuqala zonke iintlobo umnyinyiva, kuquka ukomelezwa wokungena kwemali eyinkunzi kunye nolwazi (kaninzi ngokohlobo aid), ukuphucula ukufikelela impahla yabo kwimarike yamazwe asakhasayo, ukupheliswa kwamatyala kwaye njalo njalo.

Umyalelo yezoqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe

Kwi ingxaki "North - South" ehlabathini bacinga kwisiqingatha sesibini gqira zenkulungwane yama-20, xa kwakukho iliza enkulu decolonisation, ingqiqo umyalelo omtsha ngezizwe kwezoqoqosho waphuhliswa kwaye wayithimba oko kubo kumazwe asakhasayo ukuba ukusungulwa kwalo. Ingcamango iqhosha le mbono yile ilandelayo:

• Okokuqala, ukudala amazwe umva impatho engcono ukuba bathathe inxaxheba ngamazwe kwezomnotho ;
• kwaye okwesibini, ukuba ukunika uncedo kumazwe asaphuhlayo qho enokuxelwa kwaye sizinzile kwaye kunyuswa ezihambelana isikali iingxaki zoqoqosho nezentlalo la magunya, kwakunye ukunciphisa umthwalo wabo amatyala.

Ngoko amazwe kwezolimo bavakalisa ukunganeliseki kwabo kunye nenkqubo urhwebo lwamazwe ngamazwe, xa ingeniso evela ukuthunyelwa kwempahla ukuqhubekekiswa ebengaphezulu (ngenxa yobukho kwezi mveliso value added eliphezulu) ngaphezu ingeniso evela ukuthunyelwa izinto ekrwada. amazwe asaphuhlayo zitolike le meko njengoko wabona of exchange ukungalingani. Isigqibo se-North kunye noMzantsi yeengxaki zayibonayo kubonelelo uncedo oluvela kumazwe e-mali olwaneleyo, yaye lo mbono inxulumene ngqo neziphumo kwezoqoqosho nezentlalo ngexesha lolawulo kunye noxanduva yokuziphatha ukuze le miphumela amagunya yangaphambili lobukoloniyali.

Bayahlelwa intshukumo

Phakathi kwiminyaka yee-yee- kwinkulungwane yama-20 intshukumo yokusekwa umyalelo omtsha kwezoqoqosho yenze inkqubela. Ngokomzekelo, ithi agrarian ziye zavunywa phezu kwemithombo yendalo yesizwe kwaye iphunyelelwe nobukhosi bawo, ukuba yathatyathwa ngokusemthethweni ukuba kwiimeko ezithile, umzekelo, imeko namandla, negalelo ukukhula kumazwe asaphuhlayo wesabelo kumazwe angaphandle. Ngokuphathelele umba "North - South" jikelele, kuba ikwazile ukufumana ezinye iziphumo ezincumisayo. Ngoko ke, siye babuthathaka ngenxa yengxinano nengcinezelo oluya iingxaki zamatyala, nokwandisa imithombo uncedo kwamanye amazwe kuphuhliso ngamazwe, oko yamkele umgaqo inenkqubo ngokwahlukeneyo ummiselo ityala lwangaphandle kwinqanaba likazwelonke, ngokuxhomekeka per capita GNI.

Izizathu ngokoyiswa

Nangona zonke izinto ezintle, kunye kwexesha intshukumo waqalisa ukuba balahlekelwe izikhundla, yaye ekupheleni yee- ahlala ngokupheleleyo ukuba khona. Izizathu oku kuchongwa kakhulu, kodwa kukho abo ezimbini eziphambili:

• Lokuqala - buthathaka ebalulekileyo umanyano ngokwabo ithi ngasemva ekuthetheleleni amabango abo ukuba aye abangele iyantlukwano ngokukhawuleza kwaye ukwahlulwa subgroups ezifana kumazwe oyile-ekuthumeleni, amazwe amatsha kwezoqoqosho.
• Okwesibini - ukuvuthuluka kumazwe asaphuhlayo thethwano izikhundla: xa amazwe uye wangena nqanaba post-mveliso, iingqameko kakhulu ithuba lokuba bafake izicelo nengxabano ngendlela yokusombulula ingxaki "North - South" yorhwebo factor.

Intshukumo ngenxa yokusekwa kwezoqoqosho omtsha ngenxa akuphumelelanga, kodwa ukuphikisana kwihlabathi liphela lithe gqolo.

Ekusombululeni ingxaki le "North - South"

Okwangoku, kukho iindlela ezintathu ukuya boyise ukungalingani kobudlelane noqoqosho phakathi asaphuhlayo kunye namazwe aphuhlileyo. Sicacisa ngamnye ngokweenkcukacha.

1. Indlela zobunene

abalandeli bakhe bakholelwa ukuba ukoyisa backwardness kwaye uthathe indawo yazo efanelekileyo kwilizwe agrarian kuthintela kukungakwazi amkele iyantlukwano mihla ngamazwe yabasebenzi kwi mechanism lemarike kwi kuqoqosho yesizwe. Ngokutsho benkululeko, ekuphuhliseni States kufuneka ngqo lo mgaqo-nkqubo yinkululeko uqoqosho, iqinisekisa uzinzo kwisikeyile esikhulu, uthengiso kwempahla karhulumente. Enjalo indlela yokusombulula le ngxaki "North - South" kule minyaka ilishumi idluleyo, kuvela kakhulu ngokucacileyo thethwano olumacala izifundo amazwe izikhundla inani elikhulu kumazwe.

2. Indlela antiglobalistskoj

Amalungu ayo ubambe imbono yokuba inkqubo lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho kumazwe ngamazwe ehlabathini mihla ukungalingani, kunye noqoqosho lwehlabathi ubukhulu becala ilawulwa bodwa ngamazwe, nto leyo eyenza kube lula ukuwonakalisa Enyanisweni North South. Anti-globalists, besithi amazwe aphuhlileyo ngabom kufuna amaxabiso izinto zokwenza imveliso ziye zancitshiswa, nangona oko ayikhulise ixabiso leempahla ukuqhubekekiswa, kufuneka ukuhlaziya ngokupheleleyo yonke indlela yonxulumano zoqoqosho kwihlabathi ngendlela volitional ngokuthanda kumazwe asaphuhlayo. Ngamanye amazwi, kwiimeko langoku asebenze abalandeli ultra-olukhulu ingqiqo umyalelo omtsha ngezizwe kwezoqoqosho.

3. Indlela lolwakhiwo

abalandeli bakhe bayavuma ukuba indlela yonxulumano yoqoqosho lwehlabathi, oluba ngalo mzuzwana, mmba kumazwe asakhasayo nobunzima kakhulu. Nakuba kunjalo, ngokungafaniyo abaxhasi indlela anti-jikelele, bayaqonda ukuba utshintshe indawo kula mazwe kwicandelo ngamazwe yabasebenzi ngeke isebenze ngaphandle utshintsho kumaziko ngamazwe kwezolimo ngokwabo, ukuphucula ukhuphiswano lwabo, ukunika ukohlulwa kumacandelo anoqoqosho yesizwe. Ngokubona kwabo, inkqubo yangoku lobudlelwane kwezoqoqosho kufuneka zingaguqulwa, kodwa ngendlela yokuba iinguqulelo zibe lula utshintsho kumazwe asakhasayo.

Xa iintetho abaxhasi le ndlela bathi ingxaki yehlabathi "North - South" ingasombululwa, ukuba amazwe ziya kuthathela ingqalelo ubunzima injongo kunye awohluke zokukhula koqoqosho kumazwe asakhasayo kunye nokwandisa iinketho zorhwebo kubo. Kule imeko yangoku ngayo indlela elungeleleneyo liya ingqalelo, kwaye ezinxulumene nayo amathuba yokusombulula ingxaki yonxulumano phakathi North noMzantsi.