Josef Kramer - "irhamncwa belzensky." Biography, iinkampu zokusebenza kunye iifoto

Kweli nqaku, siza kuqwalasela koko, intliziyo yayo, ezandla ziye zabulala amawaka naziphi abantu abamsulwa phambi nangexesha Second World War. Oku Josef Kramer, kwingqwayi-inkampu yoxinaniso of Bergen-Belsen, apho amabanjwa ubukrakra bayo ngokuthi "irhamncwa belzensky." Ngaphezu koko, yena ngokwakhe inoxanduva ukufa yentlaninge, mhlawumbi amakhulu amawaka abantu.

Biography Cramer

UYosefu wazalwa ngo November 10, 1906 kufuphi Munich, eBavaria, Weimar Republic. Sele ngowe-1931, xa mfo oneminyaka engama-25 ubudala, Kramer ungena NSDAP (Party Nazi). Zohlobo German, ngowe-1932 engena nkqu ndakukhupha SS, uze osebenza wabasiki entolongweni, yaye emva koko, xa Second World War, waba igosa nomlawuli kwiinkampu zoxinaniso ezahlukahlukeneyo.

Kubalulekile ukuqaphela into yokuba inkwenkwe Ndikhuliswe phezu iminqweno ubuzwe, ngoko ke, lo mgaqo, ngamanye amazwi oko akuyi kuba ngokwemiqathango kubudlelwane ebantwini. Yaye ngaphandle zemfundo ezizodwa, Josef Kramer wayekhonza kaHitler Secret Service. Iminyaka 11 uye wenza umsebenzi brilliant, ngokubuyisela inani elikhulu kwiinkampu zoxinaniso:

• 1934 - yaseDachau;
• 1934-1936 - Esterwegen;
• 1936-1937 - yaseDachau;
• 1937-1939 - eMauthausen;
• 1940 - Auschwitz;
• 1940-1944 - Natzweiler-Struthof;
• 1944 - Auschwitz;
• 1944-1945 - Bergen-Belsen.

Kwaba kwinkampu yoxinaniso of Bergen-Belsen, leyo ibekwe Saxony namhlanje, Kramer kunye elinesibini abaliqela "oogxa 'zakhe abophe Group 21-ndzilo imikhosi encedisayo zaseBritani kunye Canada. "Belzenskomu isilo" iye amacala imfazwe, apho inkundla yasemkhosini yaseBritani wamgwebela ukufa. Inkqubo eyayibanjwe nge-17 Novemba 1945 Kramer waxhonywa phakathi Disemba 1945 ngo-Hamelin entolongweni.

Josef Kramer: ngokuvela "umsebenzi" ileli

Kramer impumelelo enkulu kwaphunyezwa ngokufika kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II. Yaba oyingqwangangqwili, zimisele, umveleli esisilumko ndikhohlakele gxebe, ungamconganga owakhe umntu. Hitler nempi yakhe enkulu kwakufuneka abasebenzi nje ezinjalo. Ezibonela bayakhuthazwa izenzo Kramer baza bazama kangangoko bakhe ukubulela umveleli entsha inkonzo ethembekile. Oku eye yenzeka njalo akumangalisi, kuba phantse yonke imihla uHitler ingxelo yomsebenzi "rough" of Cramer. UYosefu kweso wayengoyiki ukubala amandla, ayizange ukoyika ukubulala umntu ngengozi idima amaYuda wobomi kwakhe efanayo naleyo Ungathi impukane.

Kwimeko nganye kwezi kwiinkampu zoxinaniso ezintandathu, apho ke ubavelele, Josef Kramer ushiye uphawu wayo. Kungenxa ukhohlakale yakhe waza wafumana ukwanda omnye emva komnye. Okokuqala eSachsenhausen kunye eMauthausen, yaye kamva Auschwitz.

IAuschwitz kunye nokudluliselwa emva Bergen-Belsen

Ngowe-1940, Kramer wathunyelwa kwinkampu yoxinaniso nokufa Auschwitz-Birkenau. Malunga nonyaka wasebenza apho phantsi umveleli Rudolfa Gessa --ngqwayi yasekuhlaleni. Kungekudala uYosefu yena wathatha indawo efanayo Notsveyler-Shtrutgof. Oku kwanda kwenze nokuba ndikhohlakele ngakumbi, njengoko waziva ngakumbi. Nangona izandla zakhe nabantu ubuncinane 80 babulawa. Kwaye hayi nje wambulala, kunye nenkohlakalo. Mhlawumbi, eli nani liphezulu kakhulu. Josef Kramer ( "irhamncwa belzensky") xa umntu ophetheyo nesamagumbi onke zerhasi amagumbi yokufa kunye nokuhlukunyezwa. Alunazo abantu kukuchitha yakhe ayithandayo.

Emva kokuba transfer ukuya Bergen-Belsen Kramer umthetho kungekuphela nje amabanjwa kodwa guards. Kwi abalondolozwa kwi yokugcina iifoto amaninzi ukubona uYosefu ecaleni intombi blonde. Le Irma Greze, ngelo xesha kwinkonzo kwinkampu yoxinaniso ndandineminyaka engama-20 kuphela ubudala. Yena nguye kunye neenoveli amaninzi kunye kwiinkampu unogada zoxinaniso, kuquka kuye Kramer. Kunzima ukwenza uthelekiso, kodwa intombazana leyo mhlawumbi akukho ndikhohlakele ngaphantsi kwe "irhamncwa belzensky." Mhlawumbi yiloo nto bavumelana? Abasetyhini amabanjwa wambiza 'ingelosi yokufa ", akwazi ukuba iiyure amantombazana mbumbulu, ekuthwaleni kwabo bobabini emzimbeni.

iimpawu zomntu

Kramer Yozef (kwingqwayi kwinkampu yoxinaniso) yi kuxhotyiswa ukuze nengcamango yokuba ubuzwe kunye nentiyo ezinye iintlanga ukuba ngokwenene lula ukusebenza kunye namabanjwa. Yaba yegorha, ikhohlakele kunye abangcangcazelisi ngubani cwaka, ngaphandle kokuthandabuza ijwabu, ayikwazanga kuthintela ubomi bomntwana, umfazi okhulelweyo okanye ixhegokazi, singasathethi ke amadoda. Yena waba ngqondweni ubukhalipha ngokulula ceba ephakadeni iindlela nobunzima kakhulu ka nxaniso. Waba cool kangaka nongoyiki lotshaba, ukuba cwaka kubulisa imikhosi encedisayo phakathi kweentaba izidumbu amabanjwa.

Ukumbamba Kramer kunye nezinye iisuphavayiza

Ngowe-1945, udibaniso Anglo-Canadian ifikelela kwinkampu yoxinaniso Bergen-Belsen. Njengokuba kubhaliwe ngasentla, Josef Kramer (eliboniswe ngezantsi) wadibana 'iindwendwe', ngelixa abanye saa. Emva koko babamba 44 umlindi. NgoNovemba, phezu kwabo zooMhle bezilawula ubulungisa, yaye ngoDisemba 13, uninzi amabanjwa lokusila ezitokisini of Hamelin. Kwaye ke kukho abathile amagosa abafumana kuphela isibini iminyaka entolongweni, bakhonza ixesha, uze umphefumlo cwaka baphuma baya endle.

Josef Kramer: blog

Abantu abaninzi bazama ukufumana iingxelo personal "belzenskogo irhamncwa." Nangona kunjalo, ubukho kwidayari akukho lwazi. Ngokubanzi, amarekhodi amagosa amaninzi, abathetheli kunye nezinye 'abasebenzi' kwiinkampu zoxinaniso, ezifana nobizo Kramer - Josef Mengele. Yena ngugqirha yaseAuschwitz, yayidume ngokuba imifuniselo lwenziwe kwi amabanjwa. Kodwa Kramer, kubonakala ukuba, akazange afune ukuba ukushiya ubungqina obungamaxwebhu izenzo zabo nabuntu.