Izizathu kunye neempawu ze-neurosis. I-neurosis iphathwa njani? Yiyiphi intsingiselo ye-neurosis?

Ngaba uke wazibamba uthi, umzekelo, kusasa umgca othile ukusuka kwingoma "ifanelwe" kuwe, kwaye uhlala uyihlawula ngengqondo? Okanye ngenxa yesizathu esithile uziva ukuba kufuneka ukuba ukhumbule igama lomdlali wefilimu okhanya kwikrini? Kwaye ngaba uvalelwa ngamava ngexesha lomsebenzi wonke: "Uloyiko! Kubonakala ngathi amanzi kwindawo yokuhlambela akapheli! "?

Nantsi ingcamango efanayo okanye efana neyoqobo ibanjwe ibanjwa ngabanye abantu, iwanike iingxaki ezininzi. Kwiyeza, eli lizwe ligama layo - ingxaki yokunyuka-mfuneko, okanye i-neurosis.

Ngaloo nto i-neurosis kunye nendlela yokujongana ngayo nayo, siya kuthetha ngakumbi kwinqaku.

Iimbangela zokubonakala komngcipheko obangelwayo

Ukubonakala kwesi sifo kubangelwa ukuveliswa kwemfuyo. Ukucacisa oku ngokuthi, mhlawumbi, kwiokhokho zethu ezikude, ukuziphatha ngokunyanzela kwanikezela inzuzo. Ngokomzekelo, uqaphele, ukugcina ulungele kwaye uhlale ukulungele ukudibana notshaba uvumela abantu ukuba baphile, beshiya ukuthambekela kwiijethi kule psyche ethile.

Iingcali zenzululwazi ziye zafakazela ukuba kubantu abane-diagnostic ebizwa ngokuba yi-anamnesis, ngokusemthethweni, izalamane zifunyenwe, apho izimo ezinjalo zibonwa ngayo. Oku kusebenza kwindawo yokuqala kulawo gulane anesifo se-neurosis ebonakala ebuntwaneni. Nangona kunjalo, kumayeza ehlabathi lanamhlanje akukho impendulo engafaniyo kwimibuzo yokuba kutheni abanye abantu bahlakulele le ntsholongwane.

Yintoni uhulumeni angakhupha? Siza kuthetha ngale nto kamva kamva, kodwa ngoku, masixelele igama elisengozini.

Ngubani ohlala ehlakulela i-neurosis

Iingqondo zikholelwa ukuba izifo ezikhankanywe ngasentla zidla ngokubanzi kubantu abathile bendawo yokugcina ingqondo yengqondo. Njengomthetho, abo bantu banamahloni nabangenakucala, kuphela kwiingcamango zabo ezikwazi ukwenza zonke izenzo ezinentsingiselo.

I-neurosis of states compulsive states, izizathu esicacinga ngazo, zivela kwimvelaphi yento yokuba zikhusela ngokunyanisekileyo izinto ezenzekayo ebomini, zifuna ukuthotyelwa kwesigqibo esinqwenela ngamandla okanye izenzo ezinzulu, kuba izinto ezinjalo azikwazi ukuzithwala. Ngenxa yoko, abantu abaneendawo zokugcina iimpahla ngokugqithiseleyo "bangene ngaphakathi kwabo," bacinga ngamava abo kunye neemvakalelo zabo, ekugqibeleni zinyusa zonke izinto ezithandayo kwaye ziphenduke zibe zibuhlungu.

I-Neurosis: yintoni i-obessia

Ukuqaphela okanye iingcamango, ngendlela eyahlukileyo, ukugqithisa. Bathi, njengoko sele bekhankanywe ngasentla, bazibonakalise ngokumelene nentando yesigulane kwaye abaxhomekeke kwimizamo yakhe yokugqithisa ukungaxhalabisi okanye ukungaziqondi, kodwa iingcamango ezingenakunzima. Ezi zinokuthi, umzekelo, izibonakaliso sokuba kutheni inyoni ebonakalayo imvi, okanye apho i-passer-pass.

Isigulane, njengomthetho, siyaqonda ukungaziboni nokungaqondi, kodwa akukho nto enokuyenza malunga nayo. Iingcamango ezinjalo azimshiyi ngisho nangomzuzu - eqinisweni, oku kukubonakalisa i-neurosis ye-state observation. Iimpawu, unyango lwesi sifo sele lube yinto yesifundo seengcali kwibala lemithi. Kamva siza kuxubusha ngezinto oogqirha abaza kuzo.

Amagatya okubonakaliswa kokugqithiswa

Kwimichiza, kuyisiko ukuhlukanisa iidridi zokugqithisa ngokubhekiselele ekukhanyeni nasekucaceni. Okokuthi, umntu onokungaziqondi ngokungaqhelekanga unokuhlala evakalelwa ukukhathazeka okungenangqondo, ukuxhalaba okanye ukudideka okwenza kuye inkolelo efanayo yokuba akukho nto ebalulekileyo ebomini.

Kwaye ukugqithisa ngokucacileyo kubangele ukuba i-neurosis of states compulsive (ukuba yiyiphi into, ngokuqinisekileyo, uyacaca) ukuphuma, umzekelo, ukuba kukho imikhosi ephezulu izimisele ukulimaza kungekhona kuphela umphathi wale ngcamango, kodwa kunye nezihlobo zakhe.

Ezinye izigulana zingaphinde zithinteke ngesondo, zicinga ngobudlelwane bezocansi okanye zixhaphaze abantu abangaziwayo, kwaye ngamanye amaxesha zivale abantu (izihlobo), abantwana okanye nakwizilwanyana. Oku kunokubangela ukuba isigulane sinoyike kwaye singaqiniseki "isiqhelo" sayo, ukuxhatshazwa ngokwesini, ukuzigxeka kunye nokuzonda.

Iimpawu zokubonakala kwe-neurosis

Ngoko, sele sicacise ukuba yiyiphi i-neurosis. Kwaye iimpawu zayo, kunye neendlela zonyango, zinjalo, zithandekayo kubantu banamhlanje, okwangoku akumangalisi, kuba isingqisho saloo nto siyabangela ukuba kubonakale kubonakala abaninzi, kubandakanya izifo ze-neurological and pathologies. Indlela yokwazi, mhlawumbi ezinye izibonakaliso zesifo sele sele zinendawo, kwaye kufuneka zidibaniswe. Ingaba kukho nayiphi na indlela yokuphepha loo mhlaba? Okokuqala, sifanele siwuqwalasele ukuba izi gulane zihlala ziyazi kakuhle izinto ezingafaniyo neengqiqo zeengcamango zabo, kodwa ngexesha elifanayo zinesidingo esinzima sokwenza ngale ndlela, kungenjalo.

Umfanekiso wekliniki wesi sifo, njengomthetho, ulinganiselwe ubukho beempawu eziphosakeleyo, ngelixa umthamo wokuqonda kunye nesantya sengqondo esibalulekileyo isigulane sihlala siqhelekile. Imiqondiso engentla apha ye-neurosis ivame ukuhlanganiswa ukungakwazi ukugxininisa, ukukhathala, ukwandisa ukukhubeka nokuphazamiseka kokulala.

Iimpawu ezibonisiweyo zibonakalisa ngokwahlukileyo, kodwa kwimeko yesigulane, nangona kunjalo, kukho umthunzi ocacileyo wokungathembeki kunye nengqiqo enzima yokungabi phantsi.

Iingcali zijonga iintlobo ezi-3 zezifundo zezifo:

1. Uhlaselo olulodwa, olunokuhlala iveki, okanye iminyaka emininzi.
2. Ukubuyela kwakhona, kubandakanywa nezikhathi zokungabikho ngokupheleleyo kwempawu zesifo.
3. Inkqubo eqhubekayo yesifo, ihamba kunye nokwanda kweempawu zakhe.

I-Neurosis: yiyiphi imfuno

Iingcamango ezingabonakaliyo, ukungathandabuzeki kunye neenkumbulo, ngandlela-thile, kunokuba zibonakaliswe iimpawu ezinqabileyo, kunye nokunyuka okanye izenzo.

Uhlobo oluqhelekileyo lwezenzo ezinjalo zithethe, ezibizwa ngokuba yiminyanzelo. Ngoncedo lwabo isigulane sizama ukunciphisa imeko yakhe kwaye sigweme eso siganeko esinoyikisayo, ingcamango ebangela amava angapheliyo.

Ngoko, umntu, ukuba azikhulule ekwesabeni rhoqo ukusuleleka kuye nayiphi na intsholongwane, uvela kunye nesithethe ngendlela yokuhlamba izandla ngexabiso elithile le-soaping. Ngexesha elifanayo ucinga ngelizwi elikhulu, kodwa emva kokulahleka, uqala kwakhona. Okanye, ukukrazula iingcamango ezinzulu malunga nomnyango wangaphambili ovuliwe, ngaphambi kokuba uhambe ekhaya, inani lexesha likhupha isango lomnyango.

Ngendlela, amaxesha amaninzi amasiko anjalo ayinto engafanelekanga, ebonakaliswe ngendlela yokukhupha izinwele, izipikili ezibethayo, izinto ezibonakalayo ngokulandelelana, njl njl.

Kutheni iimeko ziba ngumgibe wegulane nge-neurosis?

Izinyathelo eziqwalaselekileyo zenzelwe ukukhuthaza ukuzithemba kwisigulane esineengxaki zokungathandabuzeki, nangona kunjalo abaqhelekanga ukuhlangabezana nalo msebenzi. Emva kwakho konke, ukuba ukhumbule ukuba yiyiphi i-neurosis kunye neempawu zayo, kuyacaca ukuba ukunyanzeliswa okunikezela ngengqondo engamanga ngokubhekisele kwizinto ezenzekayo akunakukuphelisa ukuphosa (iingcamango ezingapheliyo).

Esikhundleni salokho, bamkhohlisa isigulane sibe ngumgibe. Ukuzama ukufumana uxolo, umntu uyanzima, kwaye unokungabaza, ungeze iinkcukacha ezingakumbi kuye, ukuguqula ubomi bakhe kunye nempilo yabanye ibe yinto enokungabonakali.

I-neurosis ibonakala njani kubantwana

Phantse kwisithathu sezigulane zithi ukukhubazeka esikucingayo kuye kwavela esemncinci.

Ngendlela, i-neurosis yezinto ezinyanzelekileyo kubantwana inomntu oguqulwayo. Ayiguquli imbono yehlabathi, kwaye abazali bahlala bengayithobeli loo mpazamo, becinga ukuba ngeminyaka yobudala yonke iya kudlula ngokwayo.

Njengomthetho, kwizigulane ezincinci isifo sibonakalisa ngentshukumo yokunyusa. Ingaba ngumbuthano webunzi, uphawu, ukuxubha kwamagxa, ukukhenkceza, ukukhenkceza, ukukhwehlela, njl njl. Kwiimpawu ezibonisiweyo, kudla ukuziva ukwesaba, umzekelo, phambi kwegumbi elivaliweyo okanye elingenanto. Abantwana banesaba ukuba bangcolile, bathathwe, bathabathe, njl

Abantwana bahlakulela njani ukukhathazeka okunyanzelekayo?

I-neurosis yezinto ezinyanzelekileyo kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo inokukhubaza iimpawu zokukhuliswa kwintsapho. Ukuba, ngokomzekelo, ngezenzo ezifanayo umntwana unako ukuhlwaya nokukhuthaza (yonke into ixhomekeke kwimoya yabazali), ngoko akakwazi ukuhlakulela indlela ethile yokuziphatha. Ukungaqiniseki ngokuphindaphindiweyo kuba yinto yokuvuselela ukuxhalaba nokungaqiniseki ngokuchanekileyo kwezenzo zakhe, ukufuna ukuphuma.

Inzame yokubona kwangaphambili indlela abasabela ngayo ngabazali kaninzi ibangela umntwana ukuba aqalise amasiko kwaye afune indlela yakhe yokukhusela.

Ingxaki efanayo inokuvela kwiintsapho apho abazali baqhawule okanye abagula kakhulu. Oku kuvame ukukhokelela ekubeni indlu iya kuba yicindezelo. Umntwana, njengomthetho, akaxelelwa ngento eyenzekayo, kodwa uvakalelwa into ephosakeleyo, kwaye oku kumkhathazayo, kumthusayo aze ekugqibeleni afune ukuba afune ukusindiswa ngokunyanzeliswa.

Iimpawu zonyango lwe-neuroses kubantwana nakwishumi elivisayo

Kukho ubunzima abathile ekuphatheni abantwana abaxilongwa nge-neurosis. Ukuba loo mqathango idinga ngokukodwa unyango olufanayo kubantwana kunye nabantu abadala, kuyaqondakala, kodwa ubunzima bomntwana kaninzi budala iingxaki ezongezelelweyo.

Uninzi lwabantwana alukwazi ukuchonga nokuvelisa ukwesaba kwabo. Akunakukwazi ukuchaza ukuba yini eyenza ukuba benze ezinye izithethe. Kwiimeko ezininzi, abavumi ukuvuma ukuba ukwesaba kwabo kugxininisa kwaye kungenangqiqo. Ngaphezu koko, bakholelwa ukuba zonke iingcamango zabo ezibuhlungu ziya kuphila xa zixelelwa ngomntu.

Kwaye ulutsha luba neentloni ngokupheleleyo nangengcamango yokwabelana ngamava kunye nomgulana, kwaye konke ngenxa yokwesaba ukuzibona bephantsi kwaye kuba yintlonelo yontanga. Ngoko ke, ubuchule kunye nokukwazi ukusebenza kunye nabantwana yinkqubo ephambili xa ukhetha ugqirha.

Ukuphelisa i-neurosis ngoncedo lwe-psychotherapy

Umbuzo wokuqala ovela kwizigulane ezinokuxilongwa "ngengxaki yokunyanzela": njani ukulahla? Ukuphonononga ngezihlobo, kwaye izigulane zizithetha ngeendlela ezahlukeneyo zokulwa nesifo. Ngokuqhelekileyo abantu badumisa indlela yokuchazwa kwengqondo yengqondo.

Ibonisa ukuba kunokunciphisa ukwesaba kwesigulane xa kwenzeka rhoqo kwaye (qaphela!) Ukucwiliswa kakuhle kwiimeko ezibuhlungu. Ngokomzekelo, ukuba isigulane esoyika isifo, unikezwa ukuba ubambe kwizandla zomgca, kwaye ungaze uhlambe izandla. Kwaye ukulahla ukungathandabuzeki kokukhathazeka malunga nokuba umnyango uvaliwe, shiya indlu ngaphandle kokuyijonga.

Kunzima kakhulu ukwenza izenzo ezinjalo kwisigulane. Kodwa bavumela izigulane ukuba ziqonde kwaye ziqinisekise ukuba imiphumo emibi abayilindeleyo ngokukhawuleza ayiyi kuza: isifo esibulalayo esivela kwintsholongwane asiyi kulapho khona kwaye umnyango kwaye kungenakuqinisekiswa ngokuphindaphindiweyo. Ukuxhalabisa, okokuqala ekunyuseni, ekugqibeleni kunqatshulwa kwaye kudlulayo, kodwa le ndlela idinga ukulawulwa kwegunya lochwepheshe, njengokuba, ngokwenene, unyango lwe-classical neurosis.

Izindlela zonyango

Ezi zichazi zichazwe zizifo, apho ininzi zidinga unyango olunzima.

Ukuphelisa ngokugqibeleleyo izifo zengqondo zisoloko zisebenzisa udibaniso lwamachiza anengqondo yokuziphatha kwengqondo. Oku kuvumela, ngokunciphisa uxhalaba ngoncedo lweziyobisi, ukwandisa igalelo le-psychotherapy. Oku kuyinyani ngokukodwa kwizigulane ezisebenzisa indlela yokuchasana kubangela amanqanaba aphezulu kakhulu okuxhalabisa.

Ngendlela, kufuneka kukhunjulwe ukuba akukho ziyobisi ezithile ezivela kwi-neurosis of states compulsive states. Kwaye ukusetyenziswa kwezidalwa zonyango kuphela kunokukhokelela ekubangeni kwemiphumo emibi kunye nokubuyela kokuxhalaba emva kokupheliswa kolu hlobo unyango.

Kwiinkqubo eziyinkimbinkimbi, iingcali zikhetha i-tranquilizers, eneempembelelo eziqinileyo: IPapoton, i-Elenium, i-Relanium, i-Seduxen okanye i-Siabazon, njl njl. Njengoko i-neurosis, ngokungafani neurasthenia, ibonisa ukusetyenziswa kwamanani aphakamileyo Amachiza, atyunjwa ukuba alawulwe kwangaphakathi.

Kodwa iipilisi (Frontin, Alprazolam, Zoldak, Neurol, njl.) Ziye zabonisa ukuba zisebenza kakuhle.