Izibakala kakhulu umdla malunga Mars

Ukususela kumaxesha amandulo, abantu sele iqalile ukuhlola iimfihlelo iphela. Kumaxesha amandulo kwakukho izibalo yokuqala ezishiyanayo imposiso umgama sizimisele ukusuka emhlabeni ukuya izinto ezikufuphi kwinkqubo elanga. Kwakhona, kwakukho ixesha lokuqala kule mephu esibhakabhakeni. Kuzo zonke iiplanethi neenkwenkwezi, ngubani wafunda ookhokho bethu, asiyiyo indawo yokugqibela ilawulwa Mars. Nokubonakala ngeliso lenyama esibhakabhakeni. Ukutyhubela iminyaka, abantu ozifundisiweyo kulo mhlaba phantsi ukwakhiwa beemolekyuli umhlaba kunye emoyeni. Ngenxa yokuba manje kuwe ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Mars, ezisekelwe kwimibhalo lonke uluntu.

Igama eliyimfihlakalo

Zombini namhlanje yaye kumaxesha amandulo Olubomvu Planet ime phandle ngokuchasene nentsukaphi iinkwenkwezi ezikude kunye imithala ezibonwa thina nanjengendawo ezikhanyayo. Wabalasela ngokwebala yayo. Oku kwaqatshelwa kuqala ngamaYiputa amandulo, abo rhoqo kokuma iinkwenkwezi yenziwe. Ke wabiza le nto indawo ilula - ". Red" «desher yakhe», nto leyo ithetha Ngaxeshanye, umhlaba waye iqatshelwe China yamandulo. Apha kunjani kuba inkwenkwezi, kwaye kananjalo ngokuba ebomvu. igama layo esemthethweni yena wafumana eRoma yamandulo imbeko uthixo imfazwe Mars. Kakade ke, yaye esi sigqibo baphenjelelwa umbala - liliphalaza igazi elimsulwa, njengokuba amaRoma wayedla ngokutsho.

Kutheni Mars ebomvu?

iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Mars yaqala ukubonakala nkqu kumaxesha amandulo, ekubeni umhlaba wavuleka. Zonke izizwe, abo Sizibandakanye ekuyiphononongeni, elinde impendulo umbuzo omnye: kutheni umhlaba kubonakala ukuba zibomvu? Nokuba unalo kusenokuthetha okanye ezinye uhlobo illusion ecacicleyo? Ngoku uthi ngokuqiniseka okuphelele ukuba Mars unawo kumphezulu ebomvu. Loo umbala amiliswe ngenxa iidipozithi regolite, leyo utyebile zentsimbi kunye neeminerali ezahlukeneyo. Konke oku ogalelwe ngamatye, ezo eyachukumisa phezulu a nombala emdaka. Ngenxa yoko, umhlaba lonke igqunywe ngomhlaba ebomvu.

Ubomi Mars: fiction okanye leyinene?

Xa on Earth wathumela Hewana ezininzi, ngeenkwenkwezi bakwazi ukumisela izinto ezintsha malunga Mars, zinxulumene emoyeni wayo. Yinto eyaziwayo ukuba sibamba ngazibini ke umoya imvulophu nawuphi na umhlaba inokuba nefanelekileyo ukuze uphuhliso yobomi, okanye ngokuchasene noko, bahlale ibhungane. Ngoko ke, njengokuba Mars, emoyeni apha ibhityile kakhulu yaye kubanda kakhulu. Udlula kukho imitha yelanga kunye nothuli cosmic akuthinteli yemisebe yombane leyo ezivela uSaturn kuZeyus. Ezi meko ngaphandle ngokupheleleyo ubukho bamanzi okanye ice umhlaba yiyo ubomi ngokwayo. Namhlanje singatsho kanye oko Mars - iyintlango ogqithela ukuya ehlabathini lonke.

Uncedo nge isikali zomhlaba

Akukho iinyaniso ngaphantsi umdla malunga Mars inokufunyanwa ngokufundisisa mphandle le planethi. Yena, nangona entlango iye iintaba yayo, amathafa, umhlaba kunye misinga. Ngoko ke, iinduli apha - liphezulu kwinkqubo solar, kunye nokudakumba - ezona mfundiso kunye abalibala. Ingongoma kakhulu kwiplanethi yi Mount Olympus (27 km). Kuyinto kathathu ngaphezu Everest wethu. Esi siza sinzulu yi-Valley Mariner. Ukujula kwawo wehlela ngeekhilomitha ezili-10, yaye iyalibala elifanayo 4000 km, nto leyo ifana mpumalanga Australia.

isikali mlilo

Ngaphandle intaba iphezulu Olympus, ethe wafumana parameters zalo ngenxa mlilo elide mlilo Mars nje ikwa mlilo, esi sangqa eyiyeyona inkulu kwisixokelelwano elanga. Umlomo le "ukuphefumla" intaba yolula ubude nobubanzi kweekhilomitha ezili-600, nto leyo ufana imo New Mexico ehlabathini. Xa ujonga ezi zibakala zilandelayo malunga iMars utshatise isikali Umhlaba emhlabeni, kubonakala ukuba elikufutshane ummelwane wethu langa, ilungu isiqabu zobukhulu emangalisayo. Kulo mzekelo, bonke ubuhle Mars - lilo eli ilizwe yaye akukho amathontsi amanzi kuphela.

Ice ngothuli

Sele wathi gqaba-gqaba ngendlela Red Planet ungakuvumeli ukuba yokuba phezu kobuso okanye ezinzulwini ubomi yomhlaba yaqala, okanye amanzi. Noko ke, izazinzulu ziye kudala kuphawuliwe izibonda Mars ekuthiwa-ice CAPS na ukunyibilika, kodwa utshintshe kancinane kuphela imilo zabo. Xa umkhenkce sele lihanjisiwe lasiwa kuzo Earth, bemka naye uhlalutyo ngokucokisekileyo. Ngenxa yokuba ubushushu iphantsi kakhulu kwimimandla polar (ngezantsi sijonga kwezi zibakala ezinomdla Mars, njengoko imozulu, kwaye iza kucaca), umkhenkce ayikwazi ukuba nkqu kwelanga bako, leyo mercilessly ukungena emkhathini yayo obhityileyo. Yena ngokwakhe ubunjwe carbon dioxide kunye ne-carbon dioxide. Idityanisiwe kudidi womkhenkce owomileyo yaye kusenziwa ngokwemilinganiselo ezincinane kakhulu ngokomphushu kwi-atmosfera.

Sezulu Mars

Sinento eninzi bafunde planet yesine kwinkqubo solar, kodwa iinkcukacha umdla malunga Mars bubuxoki iimeko zayo zemozulu. Thina, earthlings, igama elithi "entlango" linxulunyaniswa ubushushu, umoya kunye ilanga eyoyikekayo otshisayo. Ukuba ice entlango, kukho lasebusika ngonaphakade. Kodwa Mars - indibanisela eyodwa lobushushu eliphantsi lee ukungabi ye kwezulu. lobushushu Air kwi-ikhweyitha uvikivwa ku -60 Celsius kwi namanqwanqwa sele -130, maxa wambi ngezantsi. Ngoku khumbula, yintoni uhlobo umoya kule emhlabeni: kuba ibhityile kakhulu. Ngenxa yokuba akukho akukho ngamafu, umoya kunye naziphi iinkanyamba kwakhiwa. Ubude nobubanzi Olubomvu Planet yonke indawo esihamba kuyo, ukutshintsha kuphela iqondo lobushushu.

A isishwankathelo esifutshane data eziphambili malunga neplanethi

Ngoku ingqalelo iinkcukacha ezibalulekileyo kunye umdla malunga Mars. Ngokufutshane, sinikela abaseleyo umbandela, okutshabalalayo Olubomvu Planet:

• Usuku on Mars izinto eziphila - Iiyure ezi-24, kodwa unyaka ihlala iintsuku 687.
• Mars Asikokungena kudidi iiplanethi ezisentlabathini. Oku kuthetha ukuba sele tiyeke kunye nesimo sendawo yaso eyodwa.
• Mars emoyeni ibhityile kwaye ibandakanya carbon dioxide, nitrogen kunye argon.
• Mars akanayo namakhonkco.
• Kodwa ineenyanga ezimbini - Phobos kunye Deimos.
• Xa umoya oluBomvu Planet ayikho umaleko ozone. Ngenxa yokuba ilanga apha ezingahambi ngovuyo ehleka, njengoko Emhlabeni, kunye nedosi ezinkulu radiation.
• Mars ngoMay Hewana ngaphezulu kwama-80, yaye kuphela yesithathu azaliseke umsebenzi wayo. Kukholelwa ukuba ine "Bermuda Triangle", nto leyo ethintela indlela yethu.