Izibakala kakhulu umdla malunga jellyfish. Medusa: umdla izibakala, iintlobo, isakhiwo neempawu

Abaninzi kwabo phezu kolwandle, bejamelene jellyfish. Oku kuye kwabanceda ukuba baqonde into yokuba abakwazi ngokuba izidalwa eziqhelekileyo nibe. Khawuqwalasele ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga Medusa.

Yintoni eyaziwayo malunga nenzululwazi ye jellyfish?

Abaphandi bakholelwa ukuba kukho jellyfish malunga 650 yezigidi kwiminyaka. Bona afumaneka kuzo zonke ngomaleko nganye kolwandle. Various iintlobo jellyfish kuhlala apha amtyuba namnandi. inkqubo yabo abangekaphuhli luvo, apho ibekwe phezu sangaphandle, evumela ukuqonda kuphela amavumba kunye nokukhanya. Zobuchopho jellyfish womnatha ukubanceda bafumane omnye umzimba ngokubabamba. Ezi "zhivotnorasteniya", enyanisweni, musa ukuba ingqondo kunye namaziko nemizwa. Baye zange ziphuhliswe inkqubo yokuphefumla nempefumlo ngesikhumba obhityileyo elenza oksijini kumanzi ngqo.

Ukuphonononga izinto ezinomdla jellyfish, izazinzulu baye baqaphela ukuba ezi zidalwa bayakwazi ukuba nefuthe elihle bantu ntshikilelo. Ngokomzekelo, eJapan ebandakanyekileyo lwemfuyo jellyfish in kwamatanki ezizodwa walinganisa iintshukumo anencasa isebenze njenge sine. Nangona mnandi onjalo eninzi ukhulula iinzame ezongezelelweyo, ngokubanzi, ukuba kuvunyiwe.

Medusa amanzi ngaphezulu kwama-90 ekhulwini. Ityhefu Iimpondo ukusetyenziswa kwazo izinto ekrwada kwamachiza elawula uxinzelelo lwegazi kunye ukunyanga izifo zemiphunga.

Medusa Portuguese inqanawa: izibakala umdla kugcinwa

"Indoda Portuguese" wambiza ezithile oomatiloshe kwinkulungwane XVIII, owandithandayo ukuxelela abanye jellyfish, ezidadayo, njengoko umkhumbi isiPhuthukezi bamaXesha Aphakathi. Eneneni, umzimba wakhe ifana kakhulu kuloo nqanawa.

igama layo esemthethweni - Physalia, kodwa oku umzimba mnye. Imalunga jellyfish kunye liqhubu amathanga kwiinguqulelo ezahlukeneyo, izinto ezo ngokusondeleyo kakhulu basebenzisane, ngoko ke khangela ngathi ukuba omnye. Ubuhlungu ezinye iintlobo Physalia obulalayo ebantwini. Amaninzi eziphila iphenyane Portuguese kuphela iinxalenye sub-emvula Indian kunye Pacific Oceans, kwakunye ngechweba Atlantic Ocean. Kwiimeko more bemka imisinga emanzini zeCaribbean lweMeditera Seas, ukuya kunxweme France kunye Great Britain, eHawaii kunye Ncebakazi yaseJapan.

Ezi jellyfish zidla iflowuthi iqela elikhulu phakathi amawaka aliqela abantu emanzini efudumeleyo. Kwaye ngaphaya emzimbeni jellyfish qwa uphakanyiselwa ngaphezu kwamanzi iisentimitha-15 kunye esihamba isikhokelo umbhodamo ngokuzimeleyo umoya. Abo bantu ukuba idade kufuphi nonxweme, ngokufuthi waphoswa yimimoya enamandla emhlabeni. Kule nyanga zishushu Physalia ndiyihlanganise ndiyidadise ukusuka elunxwemeni, ihamba nomfula kwicala elinye izibonda zomhlaba.

iimpawu ezikhethekileyo Physalia

Ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga jellyfish olu hlobo zinxulumene iimpawu zabo ezizodwa. Physalia yenye iintlobo ezimbini na bomvu. Enye iseyile Portuguese nqanawa zomkhosi isebenzisa njengoko ingxowa wayo umoya ezaliswe initrogen, icarbon dioxide neoksijini. Ukuba uqhwithela, jellyfish uhle bubble aye phantsi kwamanzi. Malunga Mpondwana ayo ziyabuya ngathi groupers ezincinane, abo aziboni bume esinetyhefu kufuneka ukhuseleko kakhulu ezintshabeni, kwakunye amasuntswana ukutya. ithotywa kwisigxina sayo elibheke ukutsala ezinye iintlanzi, leyo kuba kukudla ezi ezingenamqolo. Nantsi ke ngokuncedisana enjalo.

Ukwahlula inani elininzi kweentlobo namhlanje eyaziwa ngokuba Physalia. Kuphela kwelinye kwiMeditera abaphandi bafumanisa iintlobo-20 nqanawa Portuguese.

Physalia jellyfish, iinyani ezinika umdla malunga nokuzala

Akwaziwa ngqo njani oku replicates jellyfish. Noko ke, uphando lwezenzululwazi baye babonisa ukuba ziyazala asexually, kwaye kukho polyp ukuba bajongene nokuzala kuyo nganye. Enyanisweni, ukuba ukudala ngamathanga ezintsha. iinqanawa isiPhuthukezi yahluke kwi ukuba ekhula, ngoko ke amanzi ezilwandle buyanda inani jellyfish asakhasayo.

Enye inguqulelo olufanayo Physalia yokuzala lubonisa ukuba ukufa jellyfish igcina kwezinye izinto ukuba babe neempawu zesini ukukhangeleka, emva koko kwasekwa abantu abatsha. Nangona iye yaba le ngcamango.

Malunga Mpondwana kwinqanawa Portuguese

Mpondwana jellyfish ezingaqondakaliyo umdla kakhulu kukuba isixhobo yabo yahlukile. "Ngokuqinisekileyo," jellyfish baxhotyiswe inani elikhulu njengezingxobo eziqulathe ityhefu, ukwakhiwa kweengongoma ezahlukileyo ze ezifana Nobuhlungu a cobra. Nganye kwezi njengezingxobo ezincinane - lo ngumsebenzi osontiweyo, tube Wosenza iinwele entle. Ukuba kukho unxibelelwano phakathi Mpondwana kunye nentlanzi, intlanzi uya kufa ngenxa indlela abuhlungu. Xa umntu ofumana Waqhumisela phezu kweli jellyfish, uvakalelwa buhlungu elibukhali, yena uya abonakalise nangecesina, ukuphefumla iingxaki.

Kule iinyani ezinika umdla malunga jellyfish musa iphele khona. Le Mpondwana zezi ezingenamqolo ubude unako ukufikelela iimitha ezingama-30. Ukongeza, umntu wenza ukudada, besonwabela inkqubo ngokwayo, akusoloko kukwazi ukubona phezu kwamanzi eqaqambileyo bubble eluhlaza bomvu baqaphele ingozi esongela kuye.

Carukia barnesi: iinyani ezinika umdla malunga ngeengozi ezibangelwa kuyo

Le jellyfish esincinane uhlala kufuphi nonxweme ka-Australia, kuvelisa izinto eziyityhefu bomelele kunam cobra yinyongo. Kukho iintlobo-10 Irukandji, 3 apho ziyabulala. Yaluma ngenkankulu okuphawuleka, kodwa imiphumo yaso - ndamelwa yintliziyo enamandla, leyo kwezinye iimeko ezinokubangela kufa kabuhlungu. Kwaye konke oku kwenzeka ngemizuzu engama-20. Ngenxa yokuba ezi ezingenamqolo zincinane kakhulu kwaye phantse ezingabonakaliyo, ukuba kulula ukungena nayiphi womnatha kwindlela isithintelo, nto leyo yenzelwe izidalwa esikhulu ziyingozi neendadi kunye abakhenkethi.

Zisekhona ezinye iinyani ezinika umdla malunga jellyfish lweentlobo. Ekubeni abalobi badla wagula sisifo wasemzini emva ukufikelela ngamnye elwandle, babona ukuba isizathu soku - kumfowunelwa ezinye abemi yolwandle. Medusa igama isizwe Irukandji. Ekuhambeni kwexesha, ngenxa Dr. Barnes wakwazi ukuseka ngenqindi phantsi ukuba unobangela izifo - uqhagamshelane ne jellyfish. Nangona imilinganiso yalo mancinane kakhulu, kodwa Mpondwana ufikelela ubude kwimitha 1. Intlungu evela unomntana ngamandla kangangokuba lenza begoba kubini, ekhatshwa ukubila olunzulu kunye nokugabha, zigungqe imilenze enamandla.

iziphumo

Nangona ezi zinto ziphilayo ezingenamqolo kwaye uthathela ingqalelo emanzini, nokuba yobukhulu bawo, nangoku kungafanelekanga siqubha elwandle, ehamba elunxwemeni, ukuba kukungakhathali ongakhathaliyo - ngenxa yempilo yakhe. iintlobo ezininzi jellyfish ziyingozi kwimpilo yoluntu kunye nobomi.

Noko ke, ukuba enze imisebenzi luncedo kunye neendawo zazo zokuhlala, esetyenziswa amayeza njengoko izinto ekrwada amachiza. Ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbi, uluntu luza kuba nako ukufumana ukusuka ixabiso jellyfish ngakumbi.