Izenzakalo - kungenxa isenzeko? iintlobo phenomenon

Yentanda elithi "ngumkhuba" livela kwisiGrike "φαινόμενον", gama elo elithetha "ukuba," "Enyanisweni enqabileyo", "engaqhelekanga". Ukuba ulaqaza, sibona izinto ezininzi, ukuze uzive amavumba amabi, ubushushu okanye ebandayo, ukubona ubuhle Ndimthanda, ukuva umculo ndonwabe ngomsindo wayo emnandi. Zonke ezi zinto kunye izenzakalo bulumko kuthiwa kota. Xa ilizwi, bonke - izenzakalo. Oku zefilosofi ukuba imele nesenzeko ukuba kuqondwa amava ingqiqo. Bonke babe into Eyokuqiqa kunye yisayensi.

iintlobo izenzakalo

Ngokusekelwe kule nkcazelo ingasentla, ezi zinto ngezimanga lungohlulwa lube emzimbeni nasengqondweni. Ngokutsho kwithiyori sobulumko yaseOstriya Franz Brentano, owayesakuba iquka izandi, ivumba, landscape zendalo, imvula, amasimi, amahlathi, iintaba neentlambo, imithi, amatyholo, kunye nezinye izifundo yehlabathi elisingqongileyo. Bonke zinikwa ukuba nathi ngamava, oko kukuthi, kufuneka ithuba abone bona, ukuva, bakubambe ngesandla. Kodwa iziganeko izangoma - ke wonke umsebenzi wethu yengqondo, oko kukuthi, zonke ezo zimvo, nto leyo, nge-mvo okanye ekucingeni kuvela ezingqondweni zethu. Ezi ziquka izenzo eludabeni, iimbono, imibono, iimvakalelo, iingcinga, kwaye iinkqubo engqondweni njenge memory, ngokungathandabuzekiyo, umgwebo; amava ngokweemvakalelo: uvuyo, usizi, uloyiko, ithemba, lithemba, isibindi, wabugwala, uthando, umsindo, ulunya, ukumangala, umnqweno, imvakalelo, sincoma, etc ...

phenomenon yenkcubeko

Igama elithi "isiko" unesethi enkulu imilinganiselo. Yeyona into kolwazi wenzululwazi ezahlukeneyo: bulumko, isosioloji, ubuhle, kultorologii, ezizwe, inzululwazi kwezopolitiko, ngezengqondo, pedagogy, imbali, ubugcisa, njalo njalo Xa ingqiqo ebanzi yenkcubeko - yiyo yonke zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, apho unokuba ezahlukahlukeneyo ekubonakalisweni ... Oku kuquka zonke iindlela neentlobo ukuba ndingubani and self-yokuvakalisa into ayicingayo, okongezeleke luluntu, kunye ngamnye. Ngengqiqo limxinwa inkcubeko uthotho iikhowudi (kweekhowudi zokuziphatha, imithetho, iipateni, imikhwa kunye amasiko t. D.), Ithathwe kwi kuluntu elawula ukuziphatha zabantu. Ngokufutshane, inkcubeko - na umbandela kunye nemilinganiselo yokomoya. On iplanethi yethu, ngowokuqala kubo nentsingiselo ekhethekileyo umntu ngenxa nje yokuba kwabangcwalisiweyo, amasiko, ubugcisa, inkolo, ngazwi linye - inkcubeko. Ke zona izinto zokomoya, akukho ilula kakhulu. Sele wazibonela ukuba zombini abazalwana ezincinane bethu ukubonisa ezi mvakalelo ukunyaniseka, uthando, uthando, uvuyo, usizi, ingqumbo, umbulelo, njalo njalo. D., Kwaye njalo-njalo. N.

Culture and Society

Kwimeko yentlalo nenkcubeko ingcamango "ngumkhuba" ufumana iwonga yodidi. Le meko, nto leyo ifundwa inkcubeko. Namhlanje, kube ngoku beye besiba umbandela iincwadi ezahlukeneyo zenzululwazi: theses, iingxelo, ucwaningo kunye coursework. Nangona kunjalo, le powusta kunzima kakhulu ukunika inkcazo ngqo isenzeko. Wonke elichaza ngokwahlukileyo. Ukudibanisa iikhonsepthi ezimbini ezifana "uluntu", kunye "nenkcubeko" kuyo yonke indawo. Culture ngenela okanye ekhoyo phantse yonke ngaphandle amanqanaba Ngaphandle zezinto ezenziwa luluntu. isigama yethu rhoqo kufakwa amagama afana "isithuba zentlalo nenkcubeko", "umgaqo-nkqubo yenkcubeko", "inkcubeko ubuntu" njalo-njalo .. Uninzi la magama waqhelana kakhulu ukuba asithanga senze isaziso ukusebenzisa rhoqo njani. Ngoko ngaba uyakuqonda njani na isenzeko yenkcubeko? Oku ikakhulu indlela ekhethekileyo yobomi bomntu, apho injongo kunye nesenzo ayinyani njenge lungu elilodwa. Ukuya ngokusebenzisa umbutho inkcubeko kunye nokulawulwa zezinto ezenziwa luluntu, nto leyo ekhokelela ukuba ukwanda kwinqanaba wayo umsebenzi njengelungu lombutho woluntu.

Sociocultural kwimisebenzi Petirima Sorokin and F.Tenbruka

kwabantu, Russian PA Sorokin likwaqhube uphando esi senzeko. Ngokutsho kwakhe, senzeko zentlalo nenkcubeko - sele yonke into abantu abasuka kwindawo yazo ngenxa yonxibelelwano kunye nenkcubeko, nto leyo, nguye umphathi lwamaxabiso "supraorganic". Xa owokugqibela wayeqonda yonke into eyenza bengasenasazela lomntu, umzekelo, kusenokuba ulwimi, inkolo, intanda, zobugcisa, imigaqo yokuziphatha, nomthetho, ukuba nesimilo, imikhwa, njalo njalo. D., Kwaye njalo-njalo. N. Ngamanye amazwi, ngokutsho Sorokin, 'sociocultural "yiyo udidi esisiseko zehlabathi lwentlalo, nto leyo ithetha ukuqhubekeka ungubani, inkcubeko kunye noluntu. A sobulumko German F. Tenbruck wabiza olu lwalamano "uqhagamshelwano seamless" inamacandelo amathathu: umntu, uluntu kunye nenkqubo imilinganiselo yokuziphatha kunye eziphathekayo, oko kukuthi, inkcubeko.

Yintoni ingqalelo into yentlalo nenkcubeko?

Makhe dwelisa iziganeko kuwa phantsi inkcazelo efumaneka lwentlalo. Oku isethi kweekhonsepthi ezichaphazela umntu ohlala umphakathi ngohlobo lwazo. Kakade ke, oku asikokuphela kwayo, kodwa apha ezinye zazo:

• imali;
• fashion;
• nendlala;
• inkolo (kubandakanywa amahlelo);
• networks kwezentlalo;
• iindaba;
• ukuhleba njalo njalo. d.

Kwaye oku luluhlu iziganeko zentlalo nenkcubeko. Kuyinto ebanzi kakhulu. Ezi nesenzeko - kudityaniswe zibe ngezenzeko omnye zenkcubeko nezentlalo. Nazi ke:

• imfundo;
• isayensi;
• nkqubo;
• ukhenketho;
• ngokomoya;
• corporeality;
• imfundo;
• umthetho wekhaya elithile;
• fashion;
• brand;
• inkolo;
• intsomi, legend;
• ithemba;
• injabulo;
• entabeni;
• ukusebenza ngokomthetho;
• ngumama;
• unyamezelo;
• kitsch kunye t. d.

Olu ludwe Malivelise ngokungenammiselo.

Uphuhliso simanga zentlalo nenkcubeko

Kweli hlabathi, akukho nto esisigxina yaye ukuma. Yonke into nokuba eziphuculweyo okanye satshatyalaliswa, sifudukele intshabalalo yayo yokugqibela. Ekupheleleni - uphuhliso abanawo kunye nenkcubeko. Yinkqubo elijoliswe ekuziseni inguqu kakuhle zombini izinto eziphathekayo nangokomoya kunye nenjongo enye - ukuba ngcono. Kakade ifilosofi kwaziwa ukuba ukukwazi ukutshintsha na ipropati jikelele zombini unina kunye seengcamango. Oku kuqhelekile kubantu bonke (endalo, ulwazi kunye noluntu) umgaqo khona.

Sobuntu into engqondweni

Ukuba ne sezingqondweni ukuzoyikisela, oko kukuthi, umntu ophilayo, ungumntu. Yena isakhiwo entsonkothileyo kakhulu, nto leyo yemfundo inkqubo epheleleyo, uthotho lokwenzekayo, ulwalamano, olubalulekileyo ukusuka kwindawo imbono yoluntu, iimpawu yengqondo ngamnye, nto leyo kwasekwa ngenxa ontogeny. Zimisela izenzo zakhe nokuziphatha njengoko imo kwisifundo zonxibelelwano kunye umsebenzi oye seengcamango. Ubuntu iyakwazi ukuzeyisa, kwakunye umsebenzi onamandla eluntwini. Ngaphezu koko, iimpawu zayo, kunye nobudlelwane amanyathelo sebenzisana abahlukene. Ngokuqinisekileyo wonke uqhelene nale uvavanyo ngamnye ngokuthi "intonga". Le propati sinikezwe kwabo bantu abathe bafumana uphawu olomeleleyo. Noko ke, kule psychology of "obaluleke" ukuyilwa ubuntu uchazwe ngokwahlukileyo - okwakhe nokuzixabisa. Yakhelwe phezu ngokususela nesihlobo ngamnye kuye. Kwakhona ichaphazela indlela abantu ukuvavanya abanye. Ngengqiqo yemveli umntu umntu osebenza njengesifundo yonxulumano loluntu (kwezentlalo) kunye nomsebenzi yokomoya. Kule isakhiwo ikwaquka iimpawu zomzimba kunye nokomzimba omzimba womntu, kwakunye neempawu zakhe engqondweni. Ngoko ke, kukho isenzeko ngokwengqondo ukongeza isimo zentlalo zentlalo nenkcubeko. Zizo ezi nesenzeko ezichaphazela umntu kunye nehlabathi wakhe ngaphakathi nemizwa, iimvakalelo, iimvakalelo, njl Ngoko, isenzeko engqondweni kuba uthando, intiyo, ndlongo, uthando, ukuxhaphaza, njalo-njalo ....

isiphelo

Noba yeyiphi udidi bengabakho, izenzakalo - yiloo konke oko lunokuxhomekeka ngohlolo ngenjongo ulwazi.