Isivumelwano Belovezhskoe, okanye ilizwe ukuba silahlekelwe

kunokuba nokuqaliswa

Umongameli yangoku i-Russian Federation Vladimir Putin ebizwa ngokuba kwawa eSoviet Union xihoxo lexikulu neAfrika zenkulungwane yama-20. isivumelwano Belovezhskaya, kwaye, ngenxa yalo, lokusekwa ico abazange bakwazi ukulungisa nto.

Unobangela nesiphumo

Imbali sele kufunyaniswe ukuba kungakhathaliseki ukuba unamandla kangakanani okanye enye okanye enye ubukhosi, yena uya kwizigaba ezithathu eziphambili: ukuzalwa, vuka yokutshabalala. Yaba kungekho ngaphandle kunye namagunya emikhulu kwenkulungwane yama-20 - eSoviet Union. Yavela engcungcutheka onegazi revolution nemfazwe yamakhaya, wacanda inkohlakalo collectivization kunye nendlala, kohlanga, repressions Stalin kaThixo, impanziso zizonke kunye nosizi, ngubani ophumelele esibi kunazo ngexesha imfazwe - kweMfazwe Yehlabathi II, yajika yaba linxuwa kunye, ngathi Phoenix ukuvuka kubo uthuthu, kwaye waba sondo kunye iinyawo ngodongwe, phantsi komthetho jikelele yeGenesis naza nahlukana engama-21 eyadlulayo.

Ngokuba umcimbi onjalo baneemeko kwayo, yaye omnye eziphambili - nokhuphiswano ongenalusini USSR kunye US, eMoscow Washington.

Ebudeni 'imfazwe lokulayita "kunye West wayesazi ngokwam inyaniso omnye: eSoviet Union ayikwazi koyiswa ngendlela zomkhosi, nto ingasenza kuphela iindleko, kwaye okubhaliweyo kokukhangela ilungileyo namahlakani ngaphakathi USSR. Eneneni, bafumana - ebusweni ezinye iinkokheli republic Union.

Iinjongo West kaThixo icace kakhulu. Kodwa yintoni eyakhuthaza iintloko oorhulumente separate "ziiriphabliki-noodade?" Kwathi kanti, umgaqo notorious amandulo "Yahlula kwaye lulawulo". Ewe, wadinwa ukuba ilawulwe intloko Centre - Moscow wayefuna ukuba abalawuli imihlaba yabo, siphila 'nice ezamahala ", njengoko wakhuthaza eMelika.

Waphuncuka ukuba amandla RSFSR Boris Yeltsin wayefuna ngokwenene ukuba intloko karhulumente. iinjongo ezifanayo saziswe kunye neenkokeli abanempembelelo kwezinye iingingqi. Kodwa abazange kwakhanya iimeko zempilo eSoviet Union. Kwakukho enye kuphela - ukwenza isivumelwano ukuphelisa ingqibelelo kweli lizwe, ingakumbi eSoviet siseko, yamkelwa 1977, Oktobha 7, kwiRiphabliki nganye ingqalelo njengombuso ozimeleyo kwaye unelungelo lokuthabatha secede ukusuka kwi USSR.

Umlo ukuba ...?

UMongameli Gorbachev wazama ukuthintela ukuwa kweManyano, ukuba balondoloze ubunye karhulumente. Ukuza kuthi ga ngoku ke kwaqhutywa All-Union ngodaba ngoMatshi 17 ka-1991, apho uninzi lwabemi uvotela ukulondolozwa yelizwe labo. Ngomhla we-20 ka-Agasti 91 eyayicwangciselwe ngokutyikitya Union iSivumelwano entsha. Kodwa oko kwenkomfa yi mdibi, nto leyo eza kwaziwa ngokuba yiKomiti Emergency. Ngelo xesha, nge-24 Agasti 1991 Ukraine yamkela Declaration of Independence. Disemba 1 Ukraine, ngaxeshanye lokuvotela umongameli, yabamba ngodaba geqe Ukraine ukusuka eRashiya kunye nezinye nasemazweni. Umbuzo engundoqo ayibeka kwalula ngokwaneleyo ukuze xanisa abantu engawucaluli nezo imidlalo zezopolitiko kunye nemixube. Ngenxa 90% kwabavoti inkxaso ingcamango ukuzimela, ngokungakumbi kulo mbandela udluliselwe ukugcinwa lobudlelwane encedisayo kunye republic bangaphambili. Ekulungisweni lwezimvo phulo buvuvu ngokubanzi wesizwe okuyiphatha phandle, eli leyo azezi ithisisi-isibheno: "Tshikani ku nokondla Moscow" Ukuba ukhetha i uxwebhu ezizodwa zezo minyaka - amaphetshana ze zinikwa simahla ezitratweni kwamaziko lwa Ukraine, funda ngokoqobo. Ukuphatha kwiphepha lokuqala, echwethezwe ngoonobumba abakhulu, netafile ngezantsi kunye netekisi:

"Abemi Ukraine, UYA bazivumele ukuba ukukhohliswa! Production per capita kunye nendawo Ukraine likaThixo phakathi kwamazwe amaninzi aphuhlileyo zehlabathi ... "kule theyibhile ibonisa ukuba Ukraine ibekwe 1 by mmandla, xa kuthelekiswa ne-Jamani, Japan, iBritani, ukuba nokusengwa kwemithombo yobutyebi yendalo, kuquka intsimbi, kunye nemveliso steel kwakhona iindawo 1-2 phakathi kwezi ithi ukuveliswa kokutya, kuquka isonka, nenyama kunye neemveliso zobisi e-Ukraine izihlandlo ezininzi ngaphezu kwamazwe efanayo. Of amaphetshana kwabonakala ukuba Ukraine - urhulumente bazizityebi ukuba khona ngokwawo, luphe ngokwayo yaye yonke into efunekayo ukuze ukusebenza ngokupheleleyo. Kwaye ke Ukraine bengahlali sisityebi yaye ndonwabile kuba nje kuthatha zonke eRussia eMoscow, efana uLeech omkhulu wanamathela emzimbeni abantu kwaye yadika nowokugqibela: "Ukraine uvelisa, Union kumazwe angaphandle, imali - uthatha Moscow. Ukuchithwa kwezoqoqosho, yamehlo yemfuza kunye nonxunguphalo thina nabantwana bethu eshiya. " Emva koko, ngolwimi Ukrainian bahamba uluhlu lwemibuzo, leyo kutyholwa ukuba ndawonye, i-Union lolawulo Wabanjwa eba konke konke, kunye uninzi ebiweyo iqulathe yempahla Ukraine, eyonakalisayo ukunyanzeliswa komthetho kwaye siphile nje izinto zabo lolwaphulo-mthetho, ngaphandle ngokuphathelele nawuphi na umthetho, kunye le kwabantu, kwaye kuqala - Ukrainian. I uphelise lo "wobugcisa" osanda kuqashwa yesibheno enkulu: "A ngummi Ukraine, kungakhathaliseki ukuba ubuzwe okanye bazibandakanye iqela! CINGA PHAMBI zimvo ebekwe phezu kwethu CENTRE: NGABA KUFUNEKA A ECETYWAYO EHLAZIYIWEYO SSR "?

amaphulo Ezo owenziwa kwamanye republic. Abantu bafundiswa ukuba zonke iindlela kuthatha Russia, kwaye ngaphandle iya kuza ilixa eninzi, kokubini apha West. Ngoko ukuba uhlela, nto leyo yakhokelela ekutshatyalalisweni yesivumelwano USSR kunye Belovezhskoe.

Ndaqonda ukuba amathathu ...

Ngoko ke, intlanganiso heads of Russia, Ukraine kunye Belarus - Boris Yeltsin, Kravchuk kunye Shushkevich - kubanjelwa Bialowieza Forest, indawo yokuhlala "Viskuli". Kwaba khona ukuba December 8 yaba ukusayinwa nezivumelwano wembali Belavezha 91 kunyaka th, amaxwebhu, njengoko apho eSoviet Union yaphela, kwaye endaweni yoko kwasekwa i-Commonwealth of Independent States - ico. Kuye ke kamva bencediswa ezinye republic eSoviet 9.

Ukuba isivumelwano Belovezhskoe ukhetheke ngokwendalo yayo lolwaphulo-mthetho, kwakunye sebali kanye, uthe into yokuba emva kokusayina bonke abo babemenzele iyelenqe amaxwebhu nangoko ngokuba yintloko US George HW Bush, yaye ingxelo "impumelelo" zabo. Ngoko ukuthetha, siye ingxelo ngomsebenzi ngempumelelo wenziwe.

Kwaye uMikhail Gorbachev, umongameli eSoviet, wafunda ngesiganeko ngosuku olulandelayo. Kungekudala emva koko, ngoDisemba 25 ka-1991, Gorbachev kutshanje wathetha idilesi nesinye abantu eSoviet njengomongameli. Yena iyeka amagunya kamongameli yaye ngoko nangoko emva koko watshintshelwa ebhegini zenyukliya, kunye nalo lonke ukulawula amandla enyukliya, Russian uMongameli Boris Yeltsin.

Ngokuhlwa December 25, ihlabathi ezininzi kamabonwakude zaye kusasazwa ukususela eMoscow malunga msitho ngokubhengezwa kwi incwadi yesicelo USSR iflegi, waphakamisa endaweni tricolor Russian. Ngoko ke, lo, ilizwe elikhulu wawunamandla ehlabathini iphangiwe ngaphandle yokuthatha okukodwa. Ukunxanelwa amandla phithi yiyo ingqiqo okuqhelekileyo ukholo ubuzwe.

UPawulos

Yintoni wanika abantu awayesakuba yiSoviet Union kunye ekuweni kudalwa ico? Yeha ... Ngelo xesha, kokubini eYurophu bucinyiwe, imida, wakhula, waya esomelela kwi-European Union, yaqalisa visa-free kombuso ukwenza isithuba eqhelekileyo noqoqosho phakathi eyayisakuba yiSoviet Union yaqala ukubonakala umda eqinileyo kunye namasiko. Abafa isakhiwo enkulu enye kazwelonke wezoqoqosho. Intlekele eyehlele i-ifuthe-90 kwi-ntle abemmi bonke ziiriphabliki, ukusukela resource-rich eRashiya, industrial Ukraine, kwaye ukuba a abahlwempuzekileyo Moldova encinane, ezifana Tajikistan kunye nabanye. Kwilizwe ngalinye awayesandul baqalisa ukuba ziqulunqe elibusayo yayo ngobuchule siziphendule malunga emibuzo kazwelonke, uzixhoxhile ingxabano neenkani, kwaye phantsi le-inshorensi kwaye yenza "prihvatiziruyuschaya" impahla karhulumente yangaphambili. ngokuphathelele ozelwe oligarchs, aqhuba kakuhle ngoku. Abantu wazifumana berhaxwa kwicala yobomi kwaye uyitsale ngaphandle ubukho uludwayi kangangeminyaka engama-21. Kwaye win ngokungathandabuzekiyo bazisa isivumelwano Belovezhskoe kuphela ukuya eNtshona.