Intsimbi, imveliso kunye nokusetyenziswa

Intsimbi ekrwada i ngezimbiwa zemfundo ezizodwa kuquka isinyithi kunye nemixube yayo. Intsimbi ekrwada ngazo mzekelo, ukuba iqulethe lwesi sakhi ngezixa ezaneleyo ukuze libe nenzuzo ngokwezoqoqosho yokukhupha kuyo.

Uhlobo olungundoqo lwe intsimbi ekrwada yi magnetite. Iqulethe malunga nama-70% oxide kunye nentsimbi. Le ekrwada yi umbala omnyama okanye lwentsimbi hina. nsimbi Magnetic into geni eRussia Urals. Oku kwafunyanwa phakathi iintaba owahluke ngokwemvelo, phezulu, uGrace kunye Kachkanar. E Sweden oko ebumelwaneni Elun dannemorite kunye Gällivare. In the US - i PA, kwaye eNorway - Arendal kunye Persberg.

Xa intsimbi kunye noshishino steel intsimbi iimveliso ekrwada ziye zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezintathu:

- i ores zentsimbi ezahlulwe sisithuba (umxholo intsimbi eliphantsi);

- sinter ore (kunye umxholo avareji yentsimbi);

- (yentsimbi equlethe ubunzima emanzi) pellet.

iintlobo morphological

iidipozithi enjalo ingqalelo intsimbi ekrwada osisityebi, ibe ngaphezu kwe-57% ye intsimbi kumafa yayo. Kuba ores ihlwempu zezo apho hayi ngaphantsi kwe-26% yentsimbi. Iinzululwazi nsimbi zohlulwa ngokwendidi ezimbini morphological: yomgama kunye ploskopodobny.

Intsimbi ekrwada i yomgama uhlobo ekrwada ukugoba nesinqumka lomzimba kwimimandla zomhlaba nandzu. Olu hlobo luphawulwa umxholo ingakumbi eliphezulu yentsimbi (50 to 69%), kodwa isalfure phosphorus ngendlela ekrwada enjalo iqulethe imali encinane.

Ploskopodobnye iidipozithi zifumaneka kwi kwiincopho kweengqimba quartzite ferruginous, leyo mava yemozulu uqweqwe.

Iron ore. Ukusetyenziswa kunye nokuveliswa

Le nsimbi osisityebi ifumana isicelo yokuvelisa ihagu zentsimbi kunye ikakhulu ukuba lengca kwi Converter kanye open-eziko ende yamaziko, okanye ngqo ne kwakhona yentsimbi. Umthamo omncinane isetyenziswa njenge idayi yendalo (imbola) nodongwe ukulinganiswa muds.

babelawula Global behlola iidipozithi zenza 160 billion. Iitoni, nentsimbi ukuba ziqulathe malunga 80 ezigidi. Iitoni. Intsimbi ekrwada ifumaneka Ukraine, kwaye iivenkile ezinkulu intsimbi olusulungekileyo kufuneka eRashiya naseBrazil.

Umthamo yemveliso yehlabathi ekrwada ikhula ngonyaka ngamnye. Kwiimeko ezininzi, ezi ekrwada intsimbi geni yi indlela evulekileyo, eli edulusele kwinto yokuba zonke izixhobo eziyimfuneko linikelwe esandleni sam, yaye kuloo ndawo enye ukwakha umsebenzi. umsebenzi avareji nzulu malunga 500 m, yaye ububanzi yayo ixhomekeke iimpawu asendle. Emva koko, encediswa izixhobo ezizodwa isicatshulwa intsimbi, ubeke phezu kumatshini, emalitshintshwe apha naphaya ukuthutha imithwalo enzima, usihlangule ambiwa kuyo ukuya amashishini leyo bekwi processing.

Engxakini indlela kubalulekile ukukwazi kulisusa kuphela kubunzulu ongekho nzulu. Ukuba nzulu kakhulu, kuyimfuneko ukwakha zam. Ekuqaleni, yenza lo buti, ngokungathi anzulu kunye neendonga kakuhle enqatyisiweyo. Xa kumacala ahlukeneyo wendlela buti ukwandisa ebizwa ngokuba yi-zicima. Efumaneka kubo kwelifu esikrwada, uze ndalityatya wamvusa kumphezulu ngoncedo nezixhobo ezizodwa. Iron ore imigodi ngale ndlela luyasebenza, kodwa kubandakanya ingozi enkulu kunye neendleko.

Kukho enye indlela apho intsimbi ekrwada misela. Ibizwa SRS okanye iqula hydraulic. Le ekrwada licatshulwa emhlabeni ngendlela: kugrunjwa, oko uvikivwa angena kumbhojana kunye jetting enamandla kakhulu jet amanzi ngelitye, nto leyo ke banyukele kumphezulu. Iron ore le ndlela sikhuselekile, kodwa, ngelishwa, angabi. Ngaloo ndlela uyakwazi ukufumana% 3 kuphela esikrwada, ne-70% evela nge imikhonto. Nangona kunjalo, uphuhliso indlela SRS kwaphucuka, kwaye kukho amathuba ephakamileyo kwixesha elizayo oku kuya kuba engundoqo ukhetho, ngokubuyisela imigodi kunye iikwari.