Frensis Bekon: engobomi, imfundiso yentanda

Ngubani na yena: a sobulumko okanye zezenzululwazi? Frensis Bekon - njengomntwana onengqondo omkhulu Renaissance-era eNgilani. Indoda enemisebenzi, lowo indawo izithuba ezininzi wabona kumazwe aliqela kwaye wathetha kumakhulu izimvo abakrelekrele, ukuba ukhokele abantu kwaye. Umnqweno ulwazi kunye nezakhono bethetha Bacon ukusuka kwiminyaka yokuqala wadlala indima enkulu koHlaziyo lwe kwintanda-bulumko ixesha. Ngokukodwa, iimfundiso Aristotle scholasticism, zinto ezo zisekelwe nexabiso lezenkcubeko kunye yokomoya, ziye wawancamisa ekuhleni analo Francis egameni yenzululwazi. Bacon wayesithi ukuba kuphela inkqubela yenzululwazi kunye zobugcisa ukukhulisa impucuko yaye ngaloo ndlela nezenza abantu ngokomoya.

Frensis Bekon - nkqubo wempilo

Bacon wazalelwa e-London ngo January 22, 1561, ihlelwe intsapho IsiNgesi. Uyise wakhonza kwinkundla Elizabeth I, umgcini itywina yasebukhosini. Unina intombi ka-Anthony Cook, owabanyusayo waba nguKumkani Edward VI. abafazi ofundileyo Uyasazi na isiGrike kunye nesiLatini, i-Francis oselula zabethelela uthando lokufunda. Yakhula inkwenkwe smart kunye smyshlonym abafumana umdla omkhulu zenzululwazi.

Kwiminyaka 12, Bacon wabhalisa kwiYunivesithi yaseCambridge. Emva kokuphumelela sobulumko yakhe ehamba. Yezopolitiko, yenkcubeko neyentlalo nobomi eFransi, eSpeyin, Poland, eDenmark, eJamani kunye Sweden baye bashiya umkhondo wazo kwinqaku "Kwi imeko yaseYurophu", owabhalwa nzulu ngezinto. Emva kokufa Bacon, uyise wabuyela kwilizwe lakhe.

umsebenzi wakhe wezopolitiko, Francis xa wanyukela IsiNgesi itrone Korol Yakov I.-sobulumko yaba, kwaye iGqwetha Jikelele (1612), kunye yangasese iTywina (1617), kunye neNkosi Chancellor (1618). Noko ke, kukunyuka yaphela ukuncipha.

Emva kohambo ebomini

Ngowe-1621, Bacon watyholwa Kumkani nakwamkela sicengo esejele (nangona iintsuku ezimbini) kunye XOLELA. Emva lomsebenzi Francis njengoko ngumpolitiki kuba phezu. Yonke iminyaka elandelayo wafundela inzululwazi imifuniselo. Sobulumko wafa ngo 1626 ukusuka abandayo.

Bacon - ungumbhali imisebenzi emininzi, kuquka:

• "Amava umyalelo '- ngo-1597 - uhlelo lokuqala. Le ncwadi ke amaxesha amaninzi iprintwe kwakhona eya kuthi yongezwe. Lo msebenzi iqulathe eseyi kunye nezincoko apho nzulu ngezinto ecinga malunga nezopolitiko kunye nokuziphatha.
• "Into eziqaqambise nempumelelo wokwazi laphezulu wabantu '- 1605
• "Ubulumko lamanyange" - 1609
• Iinkcazelo izilumko behlabathi.
• "Ngenye isikhundla esiphezulu", apho ke sasithetha malunga iingenelo neengozi amagosa aphakamileyo zodidi oluphezulu. "Ngelo indawo ephezulu kunzima ukumelana, kodwa akukho ndlela umva, ukongeza ukuwa okanye, ubuncinane, ukutshona kwelanga ...".
• "New Organon" - ngo-1620 - encwadini babezinikele ixesha azinikele ukuhlelwa lenzululwazi, iindlela zayo kunye namacebo.
• "Ngomhla isidima kunye nophuculo of Sciences" - inxalenye yokuqala 'ngokubuyiselwa Enkulu of Sciences ", umthamo imisebenzi Bacon.

utopia Phantom okanye umbono ngekamva?

Frensis Bekon. "Entsha Atlantis." La magama mabini-bulumko, apho abaya kuthathelwa ingqalelo eyodwa. Wobuciko nangona wamshiya engagqitywanga, kodwa sathatha lonke ihlabathi umbhali wayo.

"The New Atlantis" yapapashwa ngo-1627. Bacon ihambisa umfundi kwisiqithi esikude, apho elichumayo impucuko efanelekileyo. Sibonga phambili yenzululwazi kunye zobugcisa, nanto ngelo xesha. Bacon wakhangela ngathi kumakhulu eminyaka ezayo, kuba uyakwazi ukufunda e-Atlantis kwi neemicroscope, lo Yindibanisela eziphilayo, kwakunye unyango lokunyanga zonke izigulo. Ukongeza, iqulethe iinkcazelo ezahlukeneyo, kodwa evulekileyo, isandi kunye nezixhobo ukuva.

Island uyalela uluntu ekuhlanganiseni amadoda aphambili izilumko eli lizwe. Ukuba le ngxaki Bacon ababengaphambi yachukumisa ubukomanisi socialism, ngoko lo msebenzi technocratic ngokupheleleyo.

A look at ebomini ngokusebenzisa amehlo bulumko

Owasungula le yokucinga amaxesha mihla ngokwenene Frensis Bekon. ifilosofi sazi omkhanyelayo imfundiso yesikolo kwindawo yokuqala kubeka inzululwazi kunye nolwazi. Ukwazi imithetho yendalo nokuzoba yayingezozabo, umntu uyakwazi nje ukuba afumane amandla, kodwa ukuze sikhule ngokomoya.

Francis wabonisa ukuba zonke ezifunyaniswe lwenziwe ngengozi, kuba bambalwa abantu babe iindlela yenzululwazi kunye namacebo. Bacon kuqala wazama Cazulula zisekwe phezu iimpawu nengqondo: imemori - libali banga - oko isihobe, ingqondo - yinto bulumko.

Ubukhulu becala ngendlela lolwazi kufuneka ibe indlela ezenza ukuba namava. Naluphi na uphando kufuneka kuqale bunokulolongeka kunokuba theory. Bacon ukholelwa ukuba ophumeleleyo uya kuba experiment elinye kuphela, apho iimeko atshintsha rhoqo ngexesha kunye nendawo, ngokunjalo iimeko. Lodaba lonke ixesha kufuneka motion.

Frensis Bekon. empiricism

Le sesayensi intanda yakhe siphumo kukhokelele ukuvela kweekhonsepthi ezifana "empiricism": ulwazi ngamava. Kuphela ngokuba ulwazi olwaneleyo namava, unako ukubala kwiziphumo imisebenzi yayo.

Bacon chonga iindlela ezininzi zokuzuza ulwazi:

• "Indlela yesigcawu" - ulwazi ifunyenwe kwingqiqo ecocekileyo, ngendlela efanele. Ngamanye amazwi, le web olukiweyo neengcinga. izinto ezithile azithathelwa ngqalelo.
• "Iimbovane Indlela" - ulwazi ifunyenwe ngamava. Eyona nto kujoliswe kuphela lokuqokelela ezikhoyo kunye nobungqina. Nangona kunjalo, eli akukacaci.
• "Indlela iinyosi" - indlela egqibeleleyo, okuhlanganisa umgangatho elungileyo kunye yesigcawu kunye imbovane, kodwa enye ngexesha anqunyulwe iintsilelo zabo. Emva ngale ndlela, zonke izibakala nobungqina kufuneka wacanda bemilo yokucinga yakhe engqondweni yakhe. Kwaye ngoko kuphela ayityhile inyaniso.

Imiqobo ukuba ulwazi

Akusoloko kulula ukuba bafunde izinto ezintsha. Bacon uthi iimfundiso zakhe malunga imiqobo ghost. aphazamisane Bazenza ingqondo yakho kunye neengcamango. Kukho imiqobo iziphene kwaye ziyafikelelwa.

Sokwazi "uhlobo iziporho" "ghost nomqolomba '- ngoko ke Cazulula sobulumko ngokwakhe. "Ghosts uhlobo" - ulwazi kukwenza inkcubeko yabantu. "Ghosts emqolombeni" - ulwazi isiphumo uphazamisana abantu abathile.

Ezifuniweyo "ghost ziimalike" kunye "iziporho le ndawo." Eyokuqala ezingabandakanyi ukusetyenziswa kakubi amagama neenkcazelo. Man kuthatha ngokoqobo yonke into, kwaye uphazamisane neengcinga ekunene. Umqobo - ukuba nefuthe ulwazi olukhoyo bulumko. Babemshiyile kuphela ubudala bakwazi ukuqonda indlela entsha. Ukuthembela endala, ngokugqithisa iingcamango zabo, abantu bayakwazi ukuba kwimpumelelo.

neengqondo Great musa kufa

Amanye amadoda amakhulu - kwiinkulungwane kamva - ayinakubangela kwabanye. Bekon Frensis - ngomzobi expressionist ixesha lethu, kwakunye kumnombo ezikude sobulumko-nzulu ngezinto.

igcisa Francis-imbeko kusebenza ukhokho wakhe, ngendlela yonke walandela imiyalelo wakhe ungashiywanga ezincwadini "smart". Frensis Bekon, engobomi ogama yaphela na ixesha elide kangaka elidlulileyo, ngo-1992, yaba nefuthe kakhulu ehlabathini. Kwaye xa sobulumko wayisonga, ibe ngamazwi, nomzukulwana wakhe kude - ipeyinti.

Ngexesha ngokuthandana wakhe Francis Jr. ikhatyelwe ngaphandle kwendlu. Ebhadula nge France kunye eJamani, ngempumelelo efika mboniso uPicasso ngo-1927. Yena waba negalelo elikhulu guy. Bacon wabuyela lweenkobe London wakhe, apho ufumana igaraji-workshop amancinane aqale ukudala.

UFrancis Bacon igqalwa ngegcisa elinye owayephila zimnyama. Imizobo yakhe - isiqinisekiso ecacileyo. Ifiphale, ezele ubuso lithemba kunye silhouettes abaqobekileyo bekhululekile, kodwa kwangaxeshanye kusenza sicinge ngentsingiselo yobomi. Ngapha koko, wonke umntu efihliweyo ubuso imfiliba, kunye nendima ezisebenzisela ngamaxesha awohlukeneyo.

Nangona sisithokothoko wakhe, imifanekiso athandwa kakhulu. Connoisseur oMkhulu Bacon art - Roman Abramovich. Ngelo ifandesi, Wathenga kumzobo "Landmark kwinkulungwane XX canon" ezixabisa izigidi 86.3 zeerandi!

amagama sazi

Philosophy - inzululwazi yanaphakade amaxabiso obungunaphakade. Nabani na onako ukucinga kancinane - "kancinane" sobulumko. Bacon wazibhala iingcinga zakhe nanini na yaye naphi na. Kwaye abaninzi uphindo bakhe abantu abazisebenzisa yonke imihla. Bacon uvelile nkqu ubukhulu kaShakespeare. Ngoko uthi bexesha lakhe.

Frensis Bekon. Ucaphula ukuba uqaphele:

• Zinyalasa kwi esebenza kwindlela ngqo ngakumbi kunobo, zingalahlekanga.
• Kwihlabathi ubuhlobo kancinane - kwaye mncinanana kubo bonke phakathi kwabantu abalinganayo.
• Ayikho into ebuhlungu umoyike ngokwayo.
• Ukuba nesizungu kakhulu ezimbi - ukuba ube nabahlobo bokwenene.
• Lahlukile - yokusabela bangenamandla.
• Ebumnyameni - lonke umbala omnye.
• Ithemba - isidlo sasekuseni kodwa isidlo embi.
• I okulungileyo nto iluncedo emntwini, uluntu.

Ulwazi ngamandla

Power ulwazi. Kuphela etsala wonke umntu nayo yonke into, sivumele amava yakho kunye namava langaphambili engqondweni yakho, unako ukuqonda inyaniso. Akonelanga ukuba Njengomhlaziyi, kufuneka ube ngugqirha! Musa ukoyika ugxekwa kugwetywa. Ngubani owaziyo, mhlawumbi kuvulwe inkulu kuwe!