Isahluko "Maxim Maksimych": isishwankathelo esifutshane. "Maxim Maksimych" - intloko yencwadana ethi "IHero yexesha lethu"

"Ibhola lexesha lethu" yiyona nto evelele kakhulu kuMikhail Yurievich Lermontov kwiprose. Leveli inobubomi obuhlukeneyo. I ngasinye sahluko ibali elipheleleyo, ebonisa enye yezinto zobunjani bomlingiswa. Kodwa asiyi kuqwalasela wonke umsebenzi, kodwa enye inxalenye, ngokuchanekileyo, umxholo wayo omfutshane. "UMaxim Maksimych" isahluko esibaluleke kuthi kuthi sibonakalisa isimo sengqondo sikaPechorin ngabantu abasondeleyo. Ngoko ke, masihlale sihlalutyo lwayo.

Incwadana ethi "IHero Yexesha Lethu"

Lo msebenzi wawuyiveli yokuqala kwiincwadi zesiRashiya ezithatha iingxaki zokuziphatha nezifilosofi nezentlalo zengqondo ye-30s yeXIXX. Ngethuba lo msebenzi washicilelwa, uhlobo loveli lwenziwe aluzange lusekwe ngokupheleleyo kwaye luphuhliswe.

Ukungafani kwalo msebenzi kuququzelelwe kwiintlobo ezimbini ezahlukeneyo kunye nokuchasene nokubhala okusetyenziswayo yiLermontov: i-romanticism kunye nokuyiqiniso. Kwakhona iinkalo zengxelo yenzentlalo-yengqondo zivela kumsebenzi. Nangona iincwadana ezahlukileyo eziqulethwe ngamabali amancinci achaza iinqununu zobomi bukaPechorin, ivelidi ayiyi kulahlekelwa ingqibelelo yayo.

ULermontov, ekwakheni "iHero yexesha lethu", eqinisweni, yenzelwa iintlobo ezinjengeenkcazo , amanqaku okuhamba , ibali elifutshane, ukuvuma izono, ukungena kwidayari, ibali lefilosofi kunye nengqondo. Ukudibanisa zonke ezi fom, umbongi ophumelele ukuba umfanekiso wePechorin ubonakale kumfundi njengento eyinkimbinkimbi, enezinto ezininzi, ezingenangqondo, kodwa ezinokuphila kwaye zinyani. Iintloko zentleveli ngendlela yazo ziqokomisa ngalinye lamacala omntu weqhawe. Olu hlobo luchaphazela umthamo weendawo. Kuyafana okufanayo ngomxholo wethu omfutshane. "Maxim Maksimych" - isahluko esibhaliweyo kwimbali yebali.

Isihlandlo sokulandelwa

Njengoko kuphawuliwe ngasentla, i "Hero of Our Time" ibonakaliswe ngokuhlukana kunye neengxelo ezingahambelaniyo. Into edibanisa zonke iindawo zomnumzana ngumlingisi oyintloko. Kwaye abalinganiswa abavela kwimbali banxulumene nomfanekiso kaPechorin. Nangona kunjalo, akuzona nje izithunzi eziluhlaza, ezenzelwe ukuthungca umlingiswa oyintloko, zona ngokwawo zizalisekile ngokupheleleyo kwaye ziphila. Kwaye uyakubona oku ngokufunda isishwankathelo. UMaxim Maksimych, uBela, uVulich, uGrushnitsky, uMntombi uMary, uVera, uWerner - bonke banabo abalingiswa, imikhwa, imbali. Isimo sengqondo ngokubhekiselele ekudalweni kwabalingisi kwakuyimfuneko, ukwenzela ukuba banxibelelane nalaba bantu basebenzayo kunye nabangcwele, ubuntu kunye nomlingiswa wePechorin zacaca ngakumbi.

Izahluko kwiveli zichazwe ngolu hlobo lulandelayo: "uBela", ngoko "uMaxim Maksimych," isingeniso kuMagazini wePechorin, emva kweziphi izahluko ezicatshulwayo: "UTaman", "Indodakazi kaMariya", "UFatalist". Ukuba sicinga ngeziganeko ngokulandelelana kwexesha, kufuneka zakhiwe ngale ndlela: "UTaman", ngoko "iNkosana uMariya", ngoko "uBela", "UFatalist", "uMaxim Maksimych" kunye noluhlu lokuvala umyalezo wePechorin Magazine. ULermontov wayenenjongo yokuzikhethela ekukhetheni indlela engavumelaniyo ngexesha lokuchaza ubomi bukaPechorin. Kukulandelelana kwencwadana yezahluko ezibonisa ukuba umfanekiso wesalathisi esona sichazwe ngokuchanekileyo. Kubaluleke kakhulu ibali elithi "Maxim Maksimych," isishwankathelo esifutshane esiza kunika ngezansi.

Umfanekiso wePechorin

I-Pechorin ngummeli wexesha lakhe, ligosa kunye negosa, ihlakaniphile kwaye ifundiswe. Kodwa akanelisekanga ngobomi bakhe, akazi apho angasebenzisa khona iitalente zakhe, uyaxhwabhiswa ngokulangazelela, ukuzodwa kunye nokungazinzi. Uzama ngamandla ukufumana intsingiselo yobomi, imingeni, kodwa ngokukhawuleza uyabhuqa.

I-Pechorin isoloko ihamba ngendlela yakhe, akahlali ndawo yonke ixesha elide, kwanokufa kuyamfumana endleleni. ULermontov ubonakala efuna ukugxininisa ukungaqiniseki kweqhawe kunye nomnqweno wokufumana indawo yakhe ehlabathini. Ukubethwa yi-boredom, i-protagonist ayikwazi ukuhamba kuphela kwi-adventure, kodwa iphinda iqale ukudlala kunye nezizathu zabanye abantu. Nangona kunjalo, akukho nto inokumvuyisa kunye nokwaneliseka. I-Pechorin inzondo kwaye ingasetyenziselwa ukuqonda abo bajikelezayo. Lo mpawu wabonakala ngokucacileyo kwisahluko esithi "Maxim Maksimych," isishwankathelo esifutshane esiza kuchaza ngezantsi.

Nangona uthando alukwazi ukuphazamisa iPechorin ekulangazeleleni kwakhe ixesha elide, uyakhazamisa kwaye uyakhokelela intanda yakhe ekuhluphekeni nasekufeni.

Umfanekiso kaMaxim Maksimych

Ulwazi malunga neli qhawe liqulethe isahluko esithi "Bela" kunye nesahluko esithi "Maxim Maksimych", umxholo omfutshane onceda ukubonakalisa nokuqonda umfanekiso.

UMaxim Maksimych ungomnye wabalinganiswa abaphambili kwiveli. Ngamehlo akhe sibona uPechorin, yena ungumabali webali kunye neqhawe. UMaxim Maksimych ungumphathi wezisebenzi, uye wahlala eCaucasus ixesha elide, uyazi kakuhle indawo, uhlobo kunye namasiko abemi bendawo. Lo mlingiswa unikwe intliziyo enomphefumlo nomphefumlo omkhulu, uyazixabisa uxolo kwaye akafunanga i-adventure. Into ephambili kuye ukufeza umsebenzi wakhe. Yonke le mpawu yendalo yempawu ingafumaneka ngokufunda isishwankathelo.

UMaxim Maksimych akazange asebenzise kakubi isikhundla sakhe kunye nomntu ophantsi oziphatha ngendlela enobubele. Kuphela ngexesha leenkonzo wayekhumbula isikhundla sakhe, kodwa uyangenela kuphela xa omnye wabangaphantsi enza izinto ezingalunganga. Ubuhlobo balo mntu kuqala, ngoko kubanda kakhulu iPechorin.

Isahluko "Maxim Maksimych": isishwankathelo

Ukuphindaphinda kwesi sahluko kunokuqala ngokuchazwa kwentlanganiso kaMaxim Maksimych noPechorin. Umphathi wezabasebenzi akazange abone umhlobo wakhe ixesha elide, ingqwalasela yakhe ithandwa ngumthwalo wokuhamba. Umntu ohamba ngeenyawo, umlindile, uyazisa ukuba ungowakwaPechorin, owayeka kwi-colonel. Maksim Maksimych, ekholelwa ukuba umhlobo omdala uya kuvuya ukumbona, ucele umqeshwa ukuba abike kumniniyo malunga nendawo yokuhlala kwakhe. Nangona kunjalo, ukugqitha kwamadambama, kwaye iPechorin ayibonakali.

Ngentsasa umphathi wezemisebenzi uya kwi shishini elisemthethweni, kwaye ngokukhawuleza emva kokuhamba kwakhe ngumntu oyintloko - uya kushiya. Emva koko umlandeli ubona uMaxim Maximich egijima kubo, ngubani olungele ukukhawuleza entanyeni yomhlobo wakhe. Kodwa uPechorin uyamomotheka ngokukhawuleza aze avule isandla sakhe. Umphathi wezakhono ufuna ukuthetha nomhlobo, kodwa i-protagonist ikhawuleza. Ebuzwa ukuba uya kuthatha amaphepha kaMaxim Maximich agcinwe ngokucophelela, uPechorin uthi into yakhe ayiyi kumdla. Umntu oyintloko ushiya. ULermontov uvula ukuvuleka novuyo ngomfanekiso wegosa elidala.

"Maxim Maksimych," isishwankathelo esiyifumanayo, - isahluko sibonakalisa ngokubhekiselele kwisimo sengqondo sePechorin kwabanye abantu.

UMaxim Maksimych uphefumlelwe kakhulu ngokubanda komlingisi oyintloko, ulungele ukukhala. Futhi ngaphandle kokungabaza, unikeza iphepha lokubhala ibali, apho uPechorin elula khona ngokulula. Umphathi-nqwenela unqwenela ukuhamba ngokukhawuleza kunokwenzeka, kodwa ngenxa yeengxaki ezingaphendulwanga unyanzelekile ukuba ahlale olunye usuku.

Isiphelo

Inomdla kwaye ibalulekile malunga nokuqonda umfanekiso wePechorin isahluko esithi "Maxim Maksimych." Isiqulatho sayo esifutshane sinikeza ulwazi olunzulu ngesimo sengqungquthela yokuvala abantu.