Iqela - a ... iqela yamaRoma - yinxalenye ebalulekileyo ye-Roman Army

ERoma yamandulo - enye kwezi emphaya zinamandla kunye nempembelelo kwiinkulungwane ngaphambili. Omnye wemiba isigqibo bamandla ayo yaba phambi komkhosi olucwangcisiweyo baqeqeshwe kakuhle, nto leyo emele ngelo xesha ibutho wamajoni. umkhosi wamaRoma unentlangano ecacileyo zokwakha. Indawo ebalulekileyo kwathatha qela. Yaba enye kwiinxalenye eziyintloko yomkhosi.

Imbali ukuvela umkhosi wamaRoma

Okokuqala, umbutho imikhosi yamajoni kwakunzima elula. Ekuqaleni uphila namaRoma akukho umkhosi bemi. Xa kwaqalisa imfazwe, bonke abemi abaye wayeneminyaka eli-18 ubudala, kwafuneka ukuba nenxaxheba kulo. Wonke kwafuneka ukuba axhobe ngohlobo kwisiqinisekiso yabo impahla.

ERoma ngenkuthalo zalwa imfazwe, ukwandisa imida yayo, yaye oko kwabuchaphazela utshintsho emkhosini. Kulo nyaka 405 BC. e. kwabonakala amavolontiya yokuqala abafumana umvuzo.

umkhosi wamaRoma wakhula, kunye BC kwinkulungwane III. e. sele bezibandakanya tho-20. Kuye kwakhona hayi kuphela amavolontiya. Ngcembe asakhulayo ukusuka umkhosi namahlakani eRoma waza wayithimba amaphondo. Oku kunciphisa abaneziqinisekiso ixesha kunye nezakhiwo ezinxulumene inxaxheba esisinyanzelo kwimfazwe ngabemi baseRoma.

iinguqu Military Gaya nguMariya

ungquzulwano rhoqo kwaye elide bexhobile, leyo iRoma, yakhokelela nobudenge phakathi abalimi. Baye bahlukaniswa ngokusisigxina abaphuma kwiifama zabo. ngokutsha ezingahlawulwayo yomkhosi. Kuye kwenziwa ngo-107 BC. e. Unozakuzaku waseRoma yaye umphathi-mkhosi Gay Mary. Eyona merit balo ukuba ngoku umkhosi wamaRoma bagaywa ngabemi abanawo umhlaba. Ngethemba lokufumana ngoxa ukhonza iwonga ephakamileyo ekuhlaleni, phakathi kwabahluphekileyo kwakukho iqela elikhulu labantu bakulungele ukuba amajoni. Bacela kule umkhosi iminyaka engama-25. Ngoku ke legionaries wasizuza isabelo empahleni nomhlaba zorhwebo kwi kwintsimi oyiswa eGaul, Italy ne-Afrika. abantu abafundileyo ngubani na ubuncinane ukufunda, wafumana ithuba elihle ukuya phezulu leri omsebenzi.

Ke wayenomkhosi, iqela, isakhiwo nocwangco wemikhosi zedabi eRoma

isakhiwo impi ngenkankulu yatshintsha kangangeenkulungwane. iziko sawo tho. Maxa wambi, inani wabo ezahlukeneyo - ukusuka 20 ukuya 30. umyalelo kubo ogama. Njengenxalenye wayenomkhosi waba nezigaba-10. Inani ngalinye - yabantu 480. Ngenxa yoko, iqela yayiquka zazo zibe zithathu.

Inani lilonke ke wayenomkhosi, liqulethe ezintlanu ukuya kumawaka amathandathu nomkhosi-300 amahashe, kwaye umkhosi nako ezihanjiswayo ukuya kubantu 350 amawaka ngexesha lemfazwe.

Co. II BC leminyaka. e. umkhosi wamaRoma yaba oqeqeshiweyo, ukuyalwa bomkhosi wamajoni, uye umyalelo omkhulu uzilungiselele kwaye ikhokelwa ziinjengele abanetalente.

Yintoni umyalelo imfazwe eyasetyenziswa kwi umkhosi wamaRoma? A indima ebalulekileyo idlalwa apha cohort. Le yunithi, leyo yenye isishumi ke wayenomkhosi baseRoma. Ngexesha edabini imikhosi kwakhiwa kwimigca ezintathu okanye ezine. Eyokuqala sidla akhiwa amaqela ezine, owesibini, yesithathu neyesine - yamathathu. Caesar ekhethwayo ukwakha umkhosi esimigca mithathu. iqela lamajoni bema ngokuqinileyo ukuze n'wina. Kwindawo yokuqala, ngoko ndiva inkxaso amajoni bemi kufutshane. Okwesibini, umgaqo nkqubo kwaba nzima ukuba atyhudise amabutho esitha. Xa kuthe kwaphula kumqolo wangaphambili oku ngokukhawuleza bazalise umgca wesibini yamagorha. Ngoko ke, eli qela - yeyona unit main Committe yomkhosi wamaRoma. Indlela uphindelela ngesibindi uya kulwa oko kwakuxhomekeke indawo iButho edabini.

lebutho laseRoma - isiseko iButho

Wayalela lo lamabutho yamaRoma, a khulu aphezulu okanye abaphezulu. Kaninzi avela ngamajoni bazibonakalise ubuchule obuthile, ubuchule kunye nesibindi. Ukuba sisondela isifaniso kunye nomkhosi mihla, le Umsebenzi kunye nesikhundla babesondela izikhulu junior.

Iqela - iyunithi wamajoni yomkhosi wamaRoma. Kodwa kukho ezinye iintlobo kuyo. Siye zixhasa iiyunithi amahashe kunye nobukrelekrele, abangoontanga, eziquka owayesakuba oomatiloshe (into efana mihla Marine lweSizwe), kwakunye kwecala unogada isixeko (cohors urbana), obemiswe ukuba ukujongana-mthetho.