Iintlobo izohlwayo kumthetho yolwaphulo: ingqiqo, imizekelo nemigaqo.

Nawuphi na umthetho kuquka ukusabela ngoko nangoko ukusuka kurhulumente, nto leyo ebonakaliswa ukusetyenziswa isifundo ngokunxulumene wobubi abo okanye ezinye izixhobo zomthetho mthetho, esizakukhokelela kwangaphambili yeziphumo yokugqibela ngesimilo esibi.

Isohlwayo imithetho ephathelene nobugebenga - isigama

In mihla umthetho mthetho phantsi isohlwayo ukuqonda elinye iintlobo umzimba izinto zomthetho-mthetho, nto leyo ugqibe ziintlobo omnye okanye omnye, ngokunjalo ubukhulu isohlwayo emalifakwe isifundo owenze isono ukunakaliselwa, esilungiselelwe notyekelo amalungiselelo omthetho utshilo. Ukongeza koku, isohlwayo isebenza sisalathisi iqondo ingozi yoluntu ezihamba ngendlela tort othile, akuvumelekanga ngumthetho-mthetho.

Ucalulo kwezohlwayo mthetho

Xa yokuhlela mihla izohlwayo komthetho mthetho yenziwa ngokwe amaqondo ngokuqiniseka. Ngokusekelwe kulo mgaqo, ukwahlula ezi ndidi zilandelayo eziphambili kwezohlwayo kumthetho zolwaphulo-mthetho, ezifana:

• beqiniseka;
• akunakuqinisekiswa ngokupheleleyo;
• kakhulu-ichazwe;
• ezizezinye.

Eyona engundoqo iintlobo: eqinisekileyo ngokupheleleyo kwaye nanini

Ngenxa yoko, siye sihlolisise ngokweenkcukacha zeziphi na iintlobo izohlwayo ezisetyenziswa kumthetho kulwaphulo-mthetho, imizekelo, luphawulwa iimpawu zazo.

Izohlwayo, sithwele igama ezithile ngokupheleleyo, umiselwe njengoko uhlobo kunokwenzeka kuphela sisohlwayo, kunye nobungakanani bayo ngqo yaye, ke ngoko, ngaphandle ithuba ukwenza ukhetho lokohlwaywa. Umzekelo, entolongweni ubomi, a ubungakanani ocoliweyo, echazwe, isohlwayo sentambo. Olu hlobo kwezohlwayo emthethweni yangoku mthetho awusebenzi, njengoko akuthethi naluphi na uhlobo individualization isohlwayo ngokunxulumene neemeko nangoko ikhomishini tort kunye neempawu ngayo umoni.

Ezi ntlobo kwezohlwayo kumthetho mthetho njengoko elingaqondakaliyo ngokupheleleyo, musa iseke uhlobo nokubaluleka isohlwayo, kwaye ziqulathe kuphela loo amagama non-ezithile ezifana 'asebenzise isohlwayo kangangoko yomthetho "," uya kuphindezelwa ngokunxulumene nemithetho yemfazwe ", njl . Ngo komthetho mthetho mihla le hlobo kwezohlwayo azikho ngokufanelekileyo kusetyenziswa, kusukela khona yabo amathuba eziphakamileyo nalwazelelelo yenkundla kunye ukunyhashwa mgaqo uphambili wokusesikweni.

Eyona engundoqo Iintlobo kwezohlwayo kumthetho yolwaphulo: angamanye ezithile kakhulu

Izohlwayo amacala ezithile kungathathwa zonke iimeko noonobangela bephula umthetho. Ezi ntlobo kwezohlwayo ngomyalelo mthetho, njenge kakhulu-echazwe, ukulungiselela ethile uhlobo lesohlwayo kwaye uzimisele okanye asezantsi kunye nemida eliphezulu, okanye nabani na omnye kubo. Ngokusekelwe kulo mgaqo, ezi zohlwayo, nazo, lungohlulwa lube:

• Icwangcisa penalty value elikhulu, umzekelo, imilinganiselo echazwe kwiCandelo 1 Art. 228 elihlaziyiweyo loMgaqo-Code Criminal, ubonelela isicelo enze ezithile eli nqaku tort amanyathelo njengokuba ukuhluthwa kwenkululeko isithuba seminyaka emithathu.
• Ukuseka ixabiso elincinane yaye liphezulu yesivakalisi. Umzekelo, amalungiselelo, ilungiswe kwisitanza. 1 tbsp. 105 lomGaqo-Code Criminal, izakuthatwa umoni noxanduva kumxholo umlinganiselo enjalo, njengoko ukuvalelwa ezisukela kwisithandathu ukuya kwiminyaka elishumi elinesihlanu.

Ezinye iintlobo kwezohlwayo (ezinye) ukuseka ithuba asisebenzisayo amanqaku tort iintlobo ezimbini okanye ngaphezulu izohlwayo, avumele igunya lomthetho kwimeko nganye, ngokungqinelana ne-iimpawu kunye tort umntu unetyala ngokuxhomekeke agwebe ehambelana kangangoko ubuninzi kunye nohlobo mthetho. Ngokomzekelo, la malungiselelo akwiSigaba 1 Art. 213 i-Code Criminal, ubonelela umoni iqumrhu noxanduva okanye isohlwayo, okanye ispravrabot okanye avalelwe entolongweni.

Ezinye iintlobo kwezohlwayo

Ukongeza kwezi, oko kusengqiqweni ukuba ukukhankanya nkqu iintlobo ezifana kwezohlwayo kumthetho lolwaphulomthetho - Imihlathana kunye lonyuselo. Ngokubhekisele yangaphambili, idatha musa kuseka ukwayo isohlwayo ngenxa nokugunyaziswa tort efanelekileyo, kwaye ziqulathe kukhankanywa ngokugunyaziswa nayiphi na enye impahla umthetho mthetho. Okwangoku, le uhlobo lesohlwayo emthethweni yangoku mthetho lisusiwe.

Izohlwayo ekubhekiselwe eziqokelelanayo, ukuseka kungenzeka isicelo kumxholo unetyala kwakhona ngaphandle engundoqo kunye nesohlwayo ezongezelelweyo lomlinganiswa, esenokuba nokuba mandatory okanye yokuzikhethela. Umzekelo, umoni noxanduva kumxholo isohlwayo ebandakanya ukuhluthwa kwenkululeko lokugqibela kangangexesha elithile ngoxa ukuhluthwa ilungelo ukubamba inani elithile izithuba elilingana nelo minyaka.

Ngoko ke, kokuqwalasela zonke iintlobo ngasentla kwezohlwayo, asetyenziswa umthetho lolwaphulo mihla, kunokuthi kubonwe ukuba yokugqibela, ekubeni njengesixhobo ummiselo osemthethweni, zenzelwe ukuqinisekisa ukhuseleko olwaneleyo iimfuno zoluntu-zikarhulumente zobuqu kuzo zonke iintlobo zokuhlaselwa zolwaphulo-mthetho, kwakunye ukuqinisekisa akunakuphepheka isohlwayo kwi nokugcina imigaqo kusemthethweni nobulungisa.